How to Inspect Elements on Android - 2023 Version

How to Inspect Elements on Android?

How to Emulate the Latest Safari Browser for Testing Websites in 2022

How to Emulate the Latest Safari Browser Online

<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#How_To_Inspect_Element_On_iPhone">1 How To Inspect Element On iPhone?</a></li><li><a href="#What_Is_Inspect_Element">2 What Is Inspect Element?</a><ul><li><a href="#Importance_of_Inspect_Element_featurenbsp">2.1 Importance of Inspect Element feature&nbsp;</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Different_methods_to_inspect_elements_on_iPhone">3 Different methods to inspect elements on iPhone</a><ul><li><a href="#Inspecting_elements_with_Responsive_Testing_tools">3.1 Inspecting elements with Responsive Testing tools</a></li><li><a href="#Inspecting_Elements_with_Safari_Developer_Tools">3.2 Inspecting Elements with Safari Developer Tools</a></li><li><a href="#Adobe_Edge_Inspect">3.3 Adobe Edge Inspect</a></li><li><a href="#Inspecting_elements_with_Cross-Browser_Testing_platforms">3.4 Inspecting elements with Cross-Browser Testing platforms</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Additional_options_to_Explore">4 Additional options to Explore</a></li><li><a href="#Summary">5 Summary</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_asked_questions">6 Frequently asked questions:</a><ul><li><a href="#How_to_inspect_elements_on_iPhone_with_Windows">6.1 How to inspect elements on iPhone with Windows?</a></li><li><a href="#nbspWhat_is_the_shortcut_for_inspecting_elements_on_iPhone">6.2 &nbsp;What is the shortcut for inspecting elements on iPhone?</a></li><li><a href="#nbspHow_to_inspect_the_iOS_simulator_in_chrome">6.3 &nbsp;How to inspect the iOS simulator in chrome?</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Suggested_Readings">7 Suggested Readings</a></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-how-to-inspect-element-on-iphone">How To Inspect Element On iPhone?</h2>



Developers work to create responsive websites in an ongoing effort to deliver improved performance across mobile platforms. However, developers might encounter numerous difficulties, such as a specific rendering issue related to responsive designs. Therefore, every contemporary web browser comes with a complete set of developer tools for evaluating the functionality and alignment of elements. It is the quickest approach to fixing online bugs, particularly with JavaScript, responsive web design, and CSS.&nbsp;



However, no fixed method exists to analyze the same elements when using mobile devices with separate operating systems. Given that iOS has a <a href="https://gs.statcounter.com/os-market-share/mobile/worldwide" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">28.43%</a> global market share, it is crucial to understand how to inspect element on iPhone.&nbsp;



In this article, we will look at various tools and methods of how to inspect elements on iOS.



<h2 id="h-what-is-inspect-element">What Is Inspect Element?</h2>



Inspect element is a part of developer tools included in web browsers like Google Chrome, Safari, Firefox, and Internet Explorer. Inspect element allows you to inspect and, sometimes, alter the CSS or HTML source codes behind the website content.&nbsp;



In your browser window, you can see your changes in real-time. As long as you only make changes to your screen, your modifications will only be visible and effective during your session. This means you can experiment with various scenarios or combinations using Inspect Element without interfering with a live project.



<h3 id="h-importance-of-inspect-element-feature">Importance of Inspect Element feature&nbsp;</h3>



<ul><li>If you want to understand something completely, having the option to experiment with it is essential. This feature of Inspect Element allows you to play around with the code of a website to learn how it works. When you browse a website, you immediately notice something that piques your curiosity. It can be a feature you&#8217;ve been meaning to add to a page you&#8217;re working on or a fresh idea you&#8217;ve never considered before. You can use Inspect Element to find out the inner functions or features of the code in either scenario.</li></ul>



<ul><li>When creating your page, Inspect Element enables you to evaluate changes while still putting them into practice. It makes it possible to identify and fix problematic code quickly. Besides, you can change any information on the page, including text, allowing you to edit shared screenshots without using an obsolete <a href="https://www.adobe.com/express/feature/image/editor" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">photo editor</a>.</li></ul>



<ul><li>If you&#8217;re interested in optimizing your page for better search engine rankings, which is a crucial element in digital marketing, Inspect Element on rival pages can also offer you a sense of the intensity of the keywords that are focused on. You can use the tool to assess how quickly your website loads.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-different-methods-to-inspect-elements-on-iphone">Different methods to inspect elements on iPhone</h2>



A few ways to inspect element on iPhone include &#8211;



<ul><li>Using Responsive Testing Tools</li><li>Using Safari Developer Tools</li><li>Using Adobe Edge Inspect</li><li>Using Cross Browser Testing platforms</li></ul>



<h3 id="h-inspecting-elements-with-responsive-testing-tools">Inspecting elements with Responsive Testing tools</h3>



While responsive design is critical for developing websites that look good on all devices, it can also be a bit of a headache for designers and developers. All too often, things that look fine on one screen size will appear completely broken on another.&nbsp;



This is where responsive testing tools come in handy. By allowing you to view a website on different screen sizes and resolutions, these tools can help to identify potential issues early on. In addition, you can use them to test out different design ideas and see how they look on different devices. As such, responsive testing tools are an essential part of the responsive design workflow.



<h3 id="h-inspecting-elements-with-safari-developer-tools">Inspecting Elements with Safari Developer Tools</h3>



Apple provides a simple functionality that often allows web developers to inspect and debug web elements on actual iPhones.&nbsp;



Now, how to inspect element on safari? To start with, all you need to do is connect your iPhone and turn on the Web Inspector.



The steps to follow to unlock the web inspector on your iOS device are as follows &#8211;&nbsp;



Settings &gt; Safari &gt; Open Advanced Menu&gt; Turn on the Web Inspector



(However, this feature only applies to real iOS platforms and not to any windows emulator.)



Below are the steps to follow on how to inspect element using safari on iPhone &#8211;



Step 1 &#8211; Open the safari browser on your laptop and click on the ‘preference’ option.&nbsp;&nbsp;



Step 2 &#8211; Next, click on the ‘advanced tab’ and go to the ‘Show Develop menu in the menu bar’.



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter is-resized"><img loading="lazy" src="https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/wQHlH0HjjGG-xhIWmAmYBW7rYjZW0Lt3NV12RHjbuanwWJYrL6ObISNrERzdAF6rskvwPJIqiXGaXVLvWKpZ9p1-6htiq9993fK8TP5gNZugiRhNsXfTWY3OHuZZDmlfP0iilo2j_CtezW9ygTOOgJnB1limlqoL2I7-dSORxTxQdaRSI5KrWu4O2J_u-g" alt="Inspecting elements with Safari Developer Tools-1" width="600" height="400" /></figure></div>



Step 3 &#8211; The ‘Develop’ option will thereafter be available in the top bar. When you select the Develop menu option, both the currently active web page on the linked device and the connected iPhone will appear in the menu options.



Step 4 &#8211; When you click on that page, the Web inspector box for that particular page opens.



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter is-resized"><img loading="lazy" src="https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/fD48D_dX9ORe56a8C0SQ8_IrwuvIOI4jwJ61QCeX8CoJRChMEQQIywP3-spiz5MiYse-8ZwDXrp1DtSEdu1mz-JaiQSgF3iOM9S1KiOfYWGD8wvIVUizhd1ol6vcJonAbL3XQH4VddJ6X2jl3FCTMGKv4XEI3HR5Jw3jZf0Hemv5uFDvtgwiLofuW5uTdA" alt="Inspecting elements with Safari Developer Tools-2" width="600" height="400" /></figure></div>



Step 5 &#8211; Now, inspect the elements of the system.



<h3 id="h-adobe-edge-inspect">Adobe Edge Inspect</h3>



Created in 2011, the Adobe Edge package included Adobe Edge Inspect, which could inspect items across several devices. With Adobe Edge Inspect, we are no longer restricted to macOS-running devices, which was one of the limitations of our previous solution. Additionally, it is compatible with both Windows and Mac OS.



The Adobe Edge Inspect software also supports synchronized browsing. As soon as you open the website on one device, it will sync with all connected devices, i.e., it will open automatically on each. Wi-Fi connects the devices.



Below are the methods for inspecting iPhone elements with Adobe Edge Inspect &#8211;



Step 1 &#8211; Download the software to your computer and link all your devices to the same Wi-Fi network to run Adobe Edge and inspect items on an iPad or iPhone.



The list will then show up on the software.



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter is-resized"><img loading="lazy" src="https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/xyKmjeGoEJ_Wpbu8_XwMv48Qjz3KfT35YgsGkT_sjtSgU6UWjCXrpRP1HFhCaCp7SlCkuNcrNcwhbOV9-y9dl0qne9__Heh4mjFUQQ3BEh9MKGCTHOzukNkMGWgNUZ5MKcGa_9CLa3u92MVmvNVyqJiAAquVJpMIfoKqFvS0j2cT8pHgxvbIH7sIFmsqfw" alt="Testsigma - Adobe Edge Inspect" width="600" height="400" /></figure></div>



Step 2 &#8211; When you visit a website, it will appear on all your connected devices. There will be a debugging symbol (&gt;) displayed on these devices.



Step 3 &#8211; Choose the debugger icon next to the machine on which you want to analyze the element.



Similar to debugging a webpage on a PC, this will launch the developer tools and allow you to view items on an iPhone. It is a simple, efficient, and highly effective approach that will aid you to inspect element on iPhone without computer.



However, Adobe Edge Inspect does have some shortcomings:



<ul><li>Although Adobe has stopped supporting this function, you can still access the online source for it. Therefore, employing this puts your security at risk, so use caution. Any data leaks or security issues would be the responsibility of the user using this.</li></ul>



<ul><li>Local web testing is one aspect of web application development that Adobe Edge Inspect lacks. Since web developers do not want their issues to reach the customer, they spend hours inspecting elements on different devices. If you are creating a website from scratch, you most likely don&#8217;t have a URL that you can use to open it in Adobe Edge Inspect and check it on an iPhone.</li></ul>



<h3 id="h-inspecting-elements-with-cross-browser-testing-platforms">Inspecting elements with Cross-Browser Testing platforms</h3>



The dimensions and viewports differ across various iPhones. More importantly, developers need to inspect elements across different browsers and shift test environments with ease. <a href="https://testsigma.com/cross-browser-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Cross-browser testing</a> becomes important in this situation.



You may quickly test your web apps for cross-browser compatibility using developer tools in browsers or online testing solutions. Using this feature, you can quickly test websites across iOS devices like iPhone X and many other older versions on a variety of browsers.



When working with developer tools, you can choose the device you wish to emulate while loading the web application or webpage with the help of these steps:



Step 1: Press Control + Shift + I to open developer tools



Step 2: Then, press Control + Shift + M to open up the device dimension setup



Step 3: Click on ‘Dimensions’ on the top left portion of your browser below the URL bar and your bookmarks.&nbsp;



Step 4: Select the iPhone device of your choice. The Dimension will be ‘responsive’ by default.



Similarly, cross-browser testing tools such as BrowserStack or platforms like Sauce Labs allow you to inspect elements across various browsers easily. One can integrate both BrowserStack and Sauce Labs with Testsigma for test automation. This makes it easy for developers and companies to maintain testing and integration pipelines.



<h2 id="h-additional-options-to-explore">Additional options to Explore</h2>



There are additional ways to inspect element on iOS in the pool, like &#8211;



<ul><li>You can use a temporary URL service to host the website and then use that link to launch the website on your iPhone or iOS device. In this manner, you may comprehend the aspects causing the problems without being able to check the parts directly on the iOS device. After that, you can fix the settings on your device and go through the procedure again.</li></ul> 



<ul><li>Chrome plugins also allow you to see how the website will appear on various devices and come in different sizes. However, this approach produces unreliable findings and therefore is not advised.</li></ul> 



<h2 id="h-summary">Summary</h2>



Web developers strive to ensure that their code is compatible with as many browsers as possible. Testing these many browsers can be time-consuming and tiresome, but it&#8217;s essential if you want your website to function flawlessly across all platforms. As a result, cross-browser compatibility is one of today&#8217;s most prevalent issues to inspect element on iPhones.



Testsigma provides web developers with an easy-to-use cloud-based platform for <a href="https://testsigma.com/automated-cross-browser-testing-tool" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">testing their apps across a variety of web browsers</a> and devices. The cloud-based real device testing allows developers and quality assurance professionals to run tests as soon as they are created.&nbsp;



With free maintenance testing and limitless flexibility, you can easily create reliable automated tests without necessitating time-consuming setups, integrations, or programming labor.&nbsp;



<h2 id="h-frequently-asked-questions">Frequently asked questions:</h2>



<h3 id="h-how-to-inspect-elements-on-iphone-with-windows">How to inspect elements on iPhone with Windows?</h3>



To inspect elements on iPhone with Windows, you&#8217;ll need to install the Safari web browser. Once you have Safari open, go to the website you want to inspect. In the Safari menu, click &#8220;Develop&#8221; and select &#8220;Show Web Inspector.&#8221;&nbsp;



This will open up the inspector window. From here, you can select the element you want to inspect and view its HTML code. You can also use the inspector window to find out more information about how the website is structured. Inspecting elements on your iPhone with Windows is a great way to learn more about web design and troubleshoot problems on websites.



<h3 id="h-what-is-the-shortcut-for-inspecting-elements-on-iphone">&nbsp;What is the shortcut for inspecting elements on iPhone?</h3>



The shortcut to inspect elements on iPhone is to press and hold the Home button and then tap the Sleep/Wake button. Doing this will bring up the Developer Tools menu, which will allow you to inspect elements on the screen.&nbsp;



This shortcut is handy for web developers, as it allows them to quickly check the code of a web page. However, it can also be helpful for general users who want to see what&#8217;s going on behind the scenes of their favorite apps.



<h3 id="h-how-to-inspect-the-ios-simulator-in-chrome">&nbsp;How to inspect the iOS simulator in chrome?</h3>



An iOS simulator is a great tool for testing iPhone and iPad apps. It allows you to see how your app looks and feels on a real device without compiling and deploying it to a physical device. However, the simulator can be tricky to work with, and it&#8217;s often hard to get a clear picture of what&#8217;s going on under the hood.&nbsp;



The Chrome Developer Tools can be a big help in this regard. By opening the Developer Tools panel and selecting the ‘Device Mode’ option, you can inspect the simulator just like you would inspect a real device. You can view the HTML and CSS of your app, debug JavaScript, and even take screenshots.



<h2 id="suggested-readings">Suggested Readings</h2>



<a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/how-to-inspect-element-on-android/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">How to Inspect Elements on Android </a>&nbsp;



<a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/inspect-elements-in-mac/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">How to Inspect Element on Mac</a>&nbsp;



<a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/inspect-elements-in-chrome/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">How to Inspect Elements in Chrome</a>

The Automation Testers' Solution To Inspect Elements on iPhone

How to Inspect Element on iPhone | The Automation Testers’ Solution

In today&#8217;s software world, testing is an inevitable part of the process, but if you&#8217;re new to it, it can be hard to know where to begin. The following guide will provide you with a basic understanding of some of the most frequently used terms and how they can be applied to your work. It will also have some tips that will help you improve your software testing efforts.



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#_A_8211_Application_Under_Test_AUT">1 🤖 A &#8211; Application Under Test (AUT)</a></li><li><a href="#_B_Bugs">2 👾 B – Bugs</a></li><li><a href="#_C_8211_Change_Requests">3 🙏 C &#8211; Change Requests</a></li><li><a href="#_D_Data">4 🎲 D – Data</a></li><li><a href="#nbsp_E_8211_Exploration">5 &nbsp;🎮 E &#8211; Exploration</a></li><li><a href="#_F_8211_Fault_Failures">6 🔴 F &#8211; Fault / Failures</a></li><li><a href="#_G_8211_Great_Resources">7 📢 G &#8211; Great Resources</a></li><li><a href="#_H_8211_Heuristics">8 ⁉️ H &#8211; Heuristics</a></li><li><a href="#_I_8211_Ideas">9 💡 I &#8211; Ideas</a></li><li><a href="#_J_8211_Judgement">10 🪛 J &#8211; Judgement</a></li><li><a href="#_K_8211_Knowledge">11 🧬 K &#8211; Knowledge</a></li><li><a href="#_L_8211_Lateral_Thinking">12 🎃 L &#8211; Lateral Thinking</a></li><li><a href="#_M_8211_Mental_Models">13 💭 M &#8211; Mental Models</a></li><li><a href="#nbsp_N_8211_Note_Taking">14 &nbsp;🧾 N &#8211; Note Taking</a></li><li><a href="#_O_8211_Oracles">15 🏮 O &#8211; Oracles</a></li><li><a href="#_P_8211_Priority">16 ☝️ P &#8211; Priority</a></li><li><a href="#_Q_8211_Questioning">17 ❓ Q &#8211; Questioning</a></li><li><a href="#_R_8211_Requirements">18 📒 R &#8211; Requirements</a></li><li><a href="#_S_8211_Strategy">19 ⚙️ S &#8211; Strategy</a></li><li><a href="#_T_8211_Tools">20 🔧 T &#8211; Tools</a></li><li><a href="#_U_8211_Users">21 🧑‍🤝‍🧑 U &#8211; Users</a></li><li><a href="#_V_8211_Visualization">22 🔦 V &#8211; Visualization</a></li><li><a href="#_W_8211_World">23 🌍 W &#8211; World</a></li><li><a href="#_X_8211_Xtreme_Cases">24 ❄️ X &#8211; Xtreme Cases</a></li><li><a href="#_Y_8211_Yourself">25 😄 Y &#8211; Yourself</a></li><li><a href="#_Z_8211_Zen">26 🙌 Z &#8211; Zen</a></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-a-application-under-test-aut">🤖 A &#8211; Application Under Test (AUT)</h2>



<ul><li>An application or software system that you are testing is referred to by this term.</li><li>Some common application types:<ul><li>Console</li><li>Web</li><li>Desktop</li><li>API, etc.</li></ul></li><li>Hardware testers often use the term DUT, which stands for Device Under Test.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-b-bugs">👾 B – Bugs</h2>



<ul><li>A bug is anything about a product that threatens the value of a product. – James Bach.</li><li>Other related terms<ul><li>Error: Something wrong with the product</li><li>Critical Condition:  Data value or environment condition or step to reveal the problem</li><li>Defect: Bug with Legal Implications &#8211; Used in lawsuits</li><li>Symptom: Behavior that suggests an underlying problem </li></ul></li><li>Reference: <a href="https://leanpub.com/bugadvocacy" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Bug Advocacy by Rahul Parwal</a></li></ul>



<h2 id="h-c-change-requests">🙏 C &#8211; Change Requests</h2>



<ul><li>A change request is something that is not a bug or threat to value.</li><li>Nevertheless, it is a request that the developer strives higher or maximizes what has already been worked on.</li><li>Tip: Phrase a request like a request.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-d-data">🎲 D – Data</h2>



<ul><li>Think about Data Coverage rather than Test Cases</li><li>Learn to Visualize and use the power of data!</li><li>Testing is as good as the data that you are using.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-e-exploration">&nbsp;🎮 E &#8211; Exploration</h2>



<ul><li>Exploring = Discovering unknown information to find out about any possible risks.</li><li>Exploratory Testing = Simultaneous Test Design + Execution + Learning&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Dr. Cem Kaner defines exploratory software testing as a style of software testing that optimizes the value of testing work by treating test-related learning, test design, test execution, and test result interpretation as mutually supportive activities that run in parallel throughout the project.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-f-fault-failures">🔴 F &#8211; Fault / Failures</h2>



<ul><li>A fault is a mistake in the code</li><li>Failure is misbehavior caused by the fault</li><li>Ex: 404 error due to wrongly configured app.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-g-great-resources">📢 G &#8211; Great Resources</h2>



<ul><li>If you are a self-learner, there are lots of great (free) resources available to you.</li><li>Some of the most popular compilations are listed below:<ul><li><a href="https://www.huibschoots.nl/wordpress/?page_id=441" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Great Resources – Exploring Software Testing</a></li><li><a href="https://testautomationu.applitools.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Test Automation University</a></li><li><a href="https://docs.ast-bbst.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">AST Testing Docs</a></li><li><a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://testsigma.com/blog/</a> </li></ul></li></ul>



<h2 id="h-h-heuristics">⁉️ H &#8211; Heuristics</h2>



<ul><li>A heuristic is a fallible way to solve a problem &#8211; James Bach &amp; Dr. Cem Kaner</li><li>Ex: <ul><li>Knife: To cut things</li><li>Map: To find places &amp; directions</li><li>Rule of thumb</li></ul></li><li>Reference: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CaxdheQfE8s&amp;feature=youtu.be" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Understanding Heuristics in Testing</a></li></ul>



<h2 id="h-i-ideas">💡 I &#8211; Ideas</h2>



<ul><li>Testing is all about test ideas</li><li>Heuristics help to think of test ideas.</li><li>Common Sources of Ideas<ul><li>Product</li><li>Business Requirements</li><li>Team</li><li>External Factors</li><li>Project</li><li>Stakeholders</li></ul></li><li>Reference: <a href="https://www.xmind.net/m/SXm4EU" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">37 Sources of Test Ideas</a></li></ul>



<h2 id="h-j-judgement">🪛 J &#8211; Judgement</h2>



<ul><li>Testing is a sampling activity.</li><li>It is common for testers to sample a small number of tests from an infinite space of possible tests.</li><li>Your judgement will help you to identify:<ul> <li>What to test?</li><li>Why test?</li><li>Risk areas!</li></ul></li><li>A good judgement comes from experience and time.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-k-knowledge">🧬 K &#8211; Knowledge</h2>



<ul><li>Knowledge is stored in two forms:<ul><li>Tacit Knowledge: Which includes:<ul><li>Experience</li><li>Thinking</li><li>Competence</li></ul></li><li>Explicit Knowledge: Which includes:<ul><li>Data, Information</li><li>Documents</li><li>Records</li><li>Files</li></ul></li></ul></li><li>Reference: <a href="https://www.amazon.com/Tacit-Explicit-Knowledge-Harry-Collins/dp/022600421X" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Tacit and Explicit Knowledge: Collins, Harry</a></li></ul>



<h2 id="h-l-lateral-thinking">🎃 L &#8211; Lateral Thinking</h2>



<ul><li>Testers are often recognized as out of the box thinkers. Example:<ul> <li>What can go wrong?</li><li>What is certain to go wrong?</li><li>What if someone tries something extreme?</li></ul></li><li>With lateral thinking, a problem can be viewed from a creative perspective.</li><li>Additionally, it facilitates creative problem-solving.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-m-mental-models"> 💭 M &#8211; Mental Models</h2>



<ul><li>This is a mental picture of how something works.</li><li>Ex:<ul><li>Flow Charts</li><li>Architectural Diagrams</li><li>Maps, etc.</li></ul></li><li>It is common for professional testers to use mental models consciously.</li><li>Reference: <a href="https://youtu.be/vFsM-slJoeY" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Heuristics &amp; Why you should care about them?</a></li></ul>



<h2 id="h-n-note-taking">&nbsp;🧾 N &#8211; Note Taking</h2>



<ul><li>The importance of taking notes during tests cannot be overstated.</li><li>What does a typical test notes document contain:<ul> <li>Risks</li><li>Ideas</li><li>Observations</li><li>Questions</li><li>Links to resources, etc.</li></ul></li><li>Popular Formats:<ul> <li>Doc Files</li><li>Mindmaps</li><li>Excels</li><li>Readme files, etc.</li></ul></li></ul>



<h2 id="h-o-oracles">🏮 O &#8211; Oracles</h2>



<ul><li>An oracle is a heuristic principle or mechanism by which you recognize a &#8220;potential&#8221; problem.</li><li>Some commonly used consistency oracles:<ul> <li>Consistent with claims</li><li>Consistent with History</li><li>Consistent with Purpose</li><li>Consistent with our image</li><li>Consistency within product</li><li>Consistent with user&#8217;s expectations</li><li>Consistency with comparable product</li><li>Consistent with standards or regulations</li></ul></li><li>Used to guide:<ul> <li>Test Design</li><li>Bug Evaluation</li><li>Test Reporting</li></ul></li></ul>



<h2 id="h-p-priority">☝️ P &#8211; Priority</h2>



<ul><li>Priority is the urgency to fix a problem.</li><li>By default, prioritizing is a business decision.</li><li>In general, testers don&#8217;t set the priority.</li><li>However, stakeholders may benefit from valuable information provided by the testers as they set the priorities.</li><li>Read more about <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/difference-between-priority-and-severity/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">priority and severity</a>.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-q-questioning">❓ Q &#8211; Questioning</h2>



<ul><li>It is one of the most underrated tools of a tester</li><li>Using questions to gather information helps guide testing.</li><li>Questioning Toolkits:<ul><li><a href="https://www.developsense.com/blog/2010/11/context-free-questions-for-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Context-Free Questions for Testing</a></li><li><a href="https://testingtitbits.com/context-free-questions-for-automation/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Context-Free Questions for Automation</a></li><li><a href="http://www.fno.org/nov97/toolkit.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Question Bank</a></li></ul></li></ul>



<h2 id="h-r-requirements">📒 R &#8211; Requirements</h2>



<ul><li>Usually the starting point of a project. This document defines your product&#8217;s various components.</li><li>In most cases, requirements aren&#8217;t explicitly stated, and they&#8217;re often tacit.</li><li>Question stakeholders to know their requirements (or “desire”ments).</li><li>Reference: <a href="https://leanpub.com/b/requirements" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Exploring Requirements</a></li></ul>



<h2 id="h-s-strategy">⚙️ S &#8211; Strategy</h2>



<ul><li>Test Strategy: Given a testing mission, how will you achieve it?</li><li>It defines answers to questions like:<ul> <li>Who&#8217;s going to run the tests?</li><li>What potential problems are they looking for?</li><li>What aspects are they testing?</li><li>What tools will be used?</li></ul></li></ul>



<h2 id="h-t-tools">🔧 T &#8211; Tools</h2>



<ul><li>Tools are an integral part of every testing task we perform as testers</li><li>Tools are an assistant to one&#8217;s testing effort.</li><li>Reference: <a href="https://leanpub.com/productivitytoolkit" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Ultimate Productivity Toolkit</a></li></ul>



<h2 id="h-u-users">🧑‍🤝‍🧑 U &#8211; Users</h2>



<ul><li>They are the consumers of your applications</li><li>It is important to study different users in order to generate relevant test ideas.</li><li>Here is an example of common user personas for a shopping application:<ul> <li>SHOP-A-HOLICS: They make multiple purchases.</li><li>CART-ABANDONER: They probably add things to the cart. Applies discount but does not make a purchase.</li><li>THE PRODUCT RETURNER: They tend to return products a lot.</li><li>THE DISCOUNT CHASER: Applied for a discount but is hunting for more. Do we allow multiple discounts?</li><li>THE PSEUDO-SMART: Tries to reduce cart content after discount is applied. Are we giving the discount coupon when the cart value changes?</li><li>THE WANNA BE SMART: Tries an SQL injection in place of a discount voucher input value. Are we safeguarding against these possible threats?</li></ul></li></ul>



<h2 id="h-v-visualization">🔦 V &#8211; Visualization</h2>



<ul><li>There is visual intelligence in all of us.</li><li>It&#8217;s unfortunate that only a few harness it.</li><li>Common visualization ways:<ul> <li>Doodling</li><li>Diagramming</li><li>Whiteboarding</li><li>Mindmapping</li><li>Sketch noting, etc.</li></ul></li></ul>



<h2 id="h-w-world">🌍 W &#8211; World</h2>



<ul><li>Our expectations are that the product will be consistent with what we know or can observe in the real world&nbsp;</li><li>Something that is inconsistent with how the world works is an alert of potential trouble</li><li>Example: Map showcasing roads with blue color and water with orange color.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-x-xtreme-cases">❄️ X &#8211; Xtreme Cases</h2>



<ul><li>Normally, development occurs within defined boundaries.</li><li>Testers often try out &#8220;Xtreme&#8221; cases to see &#8220;What If?&#8221; someone does this.&nbsp;</li><li>The extreme cases are a good way to check for:<ul> <li>System Boundaries</li><li>Performance Bottlenecks</li><li>Security Risks</li></ul></li></ul>



<h2 id="h-y-yourself">😄 Y &#8211; Yourself</h2>



<ul><li>Each tester is unique; each tester is different</li><li>“You” are the most significant differentiator to the testing you do.</li><li>Listen to yourself 🙂</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-z-zen">🙌 Z &#8211; Zen</h2>



<ul><li>Zen is a state of calm attentiveness, where intuition guides one&#8217;s actions.</li><li>You often receive intuitive signals from your tacit brain.</li><li>Use your intuition to analyze and act.</li></ul>



Hey! Thanks for sticking around. Hope this article helped you with some common software testing terms, tips, and advice. If you want to check out an open-source testing solution, check out Testsigma.



<button class="btn bg-primary cta-btn" style="display: block;
 margin: auto;"><a href="https://github.com/testsigmahq/testsigma/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="color:#fff">Try Testsigma Open-source</a></button>

A to Z of Software Testing: Terms, Tips, & Advice for Newbies

Lately, in this Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery (CI/CD) domain, containerization has gained a lot of popularity. Implementing containerization was mainly focused on the development phase. In the recent past, the use of containerization for testing has been gaining prominence as it helps resolve a lot of test environment related issues. In this blog, you will learn how to integrate Docker and <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/selenium-4-automation-engineer-expect/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Selenium</a> technologies to perform more effective and hassle-free tests.



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#Automation_Testing_and_Selenium">1 Automation Testing and Selenium</a></li><li><a href="#What_are_Docker_and_Containers">2 What are Docker and Containers?</a></li><li><a href="#Why_Docker_for_Selenium_testing">3 Why Docker for Selenium testing?</a></li><li><a href="#Docker_Installation">4 Docker Installation</a></li><li><a href="#How_to_Run_Selenium_Tests_in_Docker">5 How to Run Selenium Tests in Docker?</a><ul><li><a href="#1_Pull_the_Docker_image">5.1 1. Pull the Docker image</a></li><li><a href="#2_Executing_the_Selenium_WebDriver_Docker_container">5.2 2. Executing the Selenium WebDriver Docker container</a></li><li><a href="#Step_3_Creating_a_sample_test_file">5.3 Step 3: Creating a sample test file</a></li><li><a href="#4_Executing_the_test_case">5.4 4. Executing the test case</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Where_does_Testsigma_fit_in">6 Where does Testsigma fit in?</a></li><li><a href="#Conclusion">7 Conclusion</a></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-automation-testing-and-selenium">Automation Testing and Selenium</h2>



Automation testing has become a vital part of software development as it takes the pressure off manual testers and lets them focus on higher-value tasks like exploratory tests, reviewing test results, etc. A machine takes over and implements repetitive, time-confusing tasks such as regression tests. Automation testing is achieving great test coverage within short timelines, as well as the accuracy of results. It allows you to ensure that the application UI works as expected.



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Selenium is one of the most widely used test suites. This is because of its adaptability and ease of use. It offers a range of features that simplify the implementation of Automated Testing. One such feature that makes Selenium stand out from its competitors is <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/cross-browser-testing-selenium-webdriver/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Cross Browser Testing</a>. It helps testers perform tests across various browsers and devices efficiently and seamlessly.



<h2 id="h-what-are-docker-and-containers">What are Docker and Containers?</h2>



Docker is a platform that helps users build, run, and ship containers efficiently. This platform is majorly formed by the underlying components like Docker Daemon, Docker Engine, Docker Clients, Docker Registry, and Docker Compose. Docker works on a client-server model. 



Containers are lightweight packages of the necessary components needed to run the application on any platform. Running and managing these containers in a standard and efficient way is a challenge. This is where Docker is used.



<h2 id="h-why-docker-for-selenium-testing">Why Docker for Selenium testing?</h2>



The precision of the test results depends on the quality of the test environment used. Often, we find that teams perform limited testing or that releases are delayed due to unavailable or inadequate testing environments. The ephemeral nature of docker containers can be put into play to resolve this issue. Test environments can be created afresh for each run and destroyed after the run is complete. Thus offering a clean test environment for each run. 



With implementations like Cross Browser Testing, maintaining a combination of Browser-OS test environment becomes tedious. With the help of Docker, multiple test environments can be set up on the go, and testing can be performed in parallel across various Browser-OS combinations. 



Creating multiple containers on a single host also helps us exploit the underlying hardware to its fullest. Let’s discuss how to set up Docker and run Selenium tests in Docker.



<h2 id="h-docker-installation">Docker Installation</h2>



Follow the steps below to configure Docker on Windows to run Selenium tests in Docker.



<ul><li>Downloading the Installer: Click on the <a href="https://desktop.docker.com/win/main/amd64/Docker%20Desktop%20Installer.exe" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Windows Installer</a> to download Docker Desktop on your system. Based on the type of Operating system, you can select the option. In this case, let’s do it for Windows Operating system.</li></ul>



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 <ul><li>Docker Installation: Click the launch button to start the installer and select the Enable Hyper-V Windows Features option on the configuration page.</li> <li>The user account should be added to the docker-users group if the user and admin accounts are different.</li> <li>Start Docker Desktop: From the Start menu, click on the Docker Desktop to start.</li></ul>



Note: If the Docker desktop doesn’t start and ask for WSL, follow <a href="https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install-manual#step-4---download-the-linux-kernel-update-package" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">this link</a> to update the kernel package.



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You can now run containers on our system using Docker. You can see that the left pane provides options to toggle between Containers, Images, Volumes, and Dev Environments.Verification: To verify if the Docker is configured properly, open Command Prompt and execute the below command. You can see the docker version that you have setup.



docker &#8211;version



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<h2 id="h-how-to-run-selenium-tests-in-docker">How to Run Selenium Tests in Docker?</h2>



Now that the Docker Desktop is configured on your system, you can easily pull a few Docker images and execute them. You can create a Docker image step by step from start or pull an already configured base image from the Docker hub and then add on to it. 



According to the <a href="https://docs.docker.com/registry/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">official documentation</a>, Docker hub is the central registry hosted by Docker, where developers and organizations build and host numerous containers for the community. 



In this tutorial, I have used the <a href="https://hub.docker.com/r/selenium/standalone-chrome" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">selenium/standalone-chrome</a> image which is hosted by Selenium on <a href="https://hub.docker.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">DockerHub</a>.



<h3 id="h-1-pull-the-docker-image">1. Pull the Docker image</h3>



Open the command prompt and execute the below command to retrieve the list of images present in your system.



docker images



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If the Selenium standalone-chrome docker image is not present, type the docker pull selenium/standalone-chrome command. This command downloads a copy of the image onto the system.



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter is-resized"><img loading="lazy" src="https://images.storychief.com/account_36412/image_ad3c6730bbd6c330f19b73f3a86e831a_2000.png" alt="Selenium-server-run-selenium-tests-in-docker-Testsigma" width="600" height="300"/></figure></div>



Now, rerun the Docker images command on your command prompt to get <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/selenium-standalone-server/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">selenium/standalone</a>-chrome image. Refer to the below screenshot for the same.



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter is-resized"><img loading="lazy" src="https://images.storychief.com/account_36412/image_0623d9de7c426ef25668dd66df55248b_2000.png" alt="Selenium-server-run-selenium-tests-in-docker-Testsigma" width="600" height="300"/></figure></div>



<h3 id="h-2-executing-the-selenium-webdriver-docker-container">2. Executing the Selenium WebDriver Docker container</h3>



Once you have Selenium/standalone-chrome image, you can now start the container by executing the below command:



docker run -d -p 4444:4444 -v /dev/shm:/dev/shm selenium/standalone-chrome



The above command is explained below:



docker run : starts a container from the image specified&#8211;



d : starts the container in detached mode. (background mode)



-p 4444:4444 : Port 4444 on the container is mapped to Port 4444 on your local browser.



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter is-resized"><img loading="lazy" src="https://images.storychief.com/account_36412/image_febec2efbfaf671704e7d424c7b60f6c_2000.png" alt="Docker-run-run-selenium-tests-in-docker-Testsigma" width="600" height="200"/></figure></div>



selenium/standalone-chrome : name of the image that has to be started



When you run this command, it will return the ContainerID of the conatiner created using the docker image.



The next step is to start the browser instance and navigate to <a href="http://localhost:4444/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://localhost:4444/</a>. It renders Selenium Grid UI, as shown in the below screenshot.



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter is-resized"><img loading="lazy" src="https://images.storychief.com/account_36412/image_28090cc92c53520eec75ce0bf561688f_2000.png" alt="Selenium-Grid-run-selenium-tests-in-docker-Testsigma" width="600" height="400"/></figure></div>



<h3 id="h-step-3-creating-a-sample-test-file">Step 3: Creating a sample test file</h3>



Test cases can be written in different languages in Selenium. Java and Python are the widely used languages to write a test case. In the example below, I am writing a test script using python.



from selenium import webdriver



To instantiate a browser instance in Chrome browser, Chromedriver is mandatory. Therefore, initialize ChromeOptions to declare the connection and driver options.



options = webdriver.ChromeOptions() 



options.add_argument(&#8216;&#8211;ignore-ssl-errors=yes&#8217;) 



options.add_argument(&#8216;&#8211;ignore-certificate-errors&#8217;)



Create a Remote webDriver instance and pass the Selenium endpoint and chrome options defined. Refer to the below command



driver = webdriver.Remote( 



command_executor=&#8217;http://localhost:4444/wd/hub&#8217;, 



options=options



 )



Now, traverse to the Testsigma website and click on the Testsigma Cloud button.



driver.get(&#8220;https://www.testsigma.com/&#8221;) 



driver.find_element_by_link_text(&#8220;Testsigma Cloud&#8221;).click()



The end to end script is given below.



seleniumDockerTest.py



from selenium import webdriver 



import time 



print(&#8220;Test Execution Started&#8221;) 



options = webdriver.ChromeOptions() 



options.add_argument(&#8216;&#8211;ignore-ssl-errors=yes&#8217;) 



options.add_argument(&#8216;&#8211;ignore-certificate-errors&#8217;) 



driver = webdriver.Remote(command_executor=&#8217;http://localhost:4444/wd/hub&#8217;, 



options=options ) 



#maximize the window size 



driver.maximize_window() 



time.sleep(10) 



#navigate to testsigma.com







driver.get(&#8220;https://www.testsigma.com/&#8221;) 



time.sleep(10)



driver.find_element_by_link_text(&#8220;Testsigma Cloud&#8221;).click() 



time.sleep(10)







#close the browser 



driver.close() 



driver.quit() 



print(&#8220;Test Execution Completed Successfully!&#8221;)



<h3 id="h-4-executing-the-test-case">4. Executing the test case</h3>



You can execute the python test case file using either an IDE or command prompt. Open a command prompt and execute the below command:



python &lt;filename&gt;



On executing this command, go to the sessions tab on the Selenium Grid UI. This will retrieve the active session. 



Now that you have learned how to run Selenium tests in Docker, let’s take a look at the alternatives for testing in CI/CD.



<h2 id="h-where-does-testsigma-fit-in">Where does Testsigma fit in?</h2>



There are already tools and frameworks like Selenium that are widely adopted across the industry. They also offer vivid features that help perform Automated testing in an effective way. But what these frameworks need is a person with a good understanding of programming to make the best use of them. Finding good resources and maintaining them is a major constraint most companies face. 



Also, training resources to perform automated testing using these frameworks is another overhead. This brings out a need for a tool that is highly simplified and does not require a lot of technical acumen to use it. This is where Testsigma comes into the picture. 



Testsigma is a unified test automation platform provided as a cloud service. It helps simplify and perform automated testing for web applications, mobile applications and APIs with ease and at a pace. Even a person with zero or limited coding skills can easily be onboarded to use this platform. Automated test suites can be built quickly with very less technical overhead. How does Testsigma help us achieve this? 



It uses simple English commands powered by the NLP(Natural Language Processing) engine, which allows you to write test cases in minutes. With NLP and Integrated API testing capabilities, teams can achieve in sprint test automation with minimum effort. With Testsigma, maintaining different servers, operating systems, and mobile devices is no longer a problem. 



You can easily build end-to-end tests 5 times faster for web, mobile apps, &amp; APIs with English scripts that self-heal, enabling maintenance-free testing. 



One can run tests on various operating systems, browsers and browser versions parallelly. Testsigma offers 200+ Android and iOS operating systems to run the tests.



Set up a Testsigma instance on your workstation in a few clicks or directly <a href="https://testsigma.com/signup" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">sign-up on our Cloud-hosted platform.</a> Testsigma cloud needs no setup and can be integrated easily with CI/CD pipelines. 



With this, we come to the end of this article on How to run Selenium Tests in Docker.



<h2 id="h-conclusion">Conclusion</h2>



With raging competition and ever-changing requirements of the end users, it is necessary that organizations deliver high-quality software at the earliest. 



Users today have very less tolerance towards a bad user experience. Thus, delivering quality software that meets the users’ expectations and caters to their timelines is highly important. This calls for short release cycles, and the testing needs to be effective and with wide coverage. 



Execute parallel testing at the required scale with Selenium automated testing, and Docker&#8217;s ephemeral containers assist keep the test environment sane.

How to run Selenium Tests in Docker

What are CSS Breakpoints and Media Query Breakpoints [2022 UPDATED]

What are CSS Breakpoints and Media Query Breakpoints

This is not just a blog which tells you to add few things to your already existing big list of tasks, in turn it helps you to make the Testing easy and do it in a smart way. I can say, Chrome Extensions are the wealth of software Testers which makes our lives easier and helps us to do smart work. They help us to add more functionality to the browser and helps us to ease the work, and get it done in a very short time.



Google Chrome is one of the most popular and must-have browsers for all testers across the globe. It allows us to increase productivity all in the comfort of our internet. We have plenty of options that make Google Chrome robust, safer, &nbsp; smarter, and more productive with one browser. As Tester, we need our work to be done efficiently and more smartly. Google Chrome gives us options for many extensions, which make it the best.



Here I am curating the 10 must-have chrome extensions for Testers to make the testing easier and smarter.



Let us get familiar with the extensions one by one and adopt them in our day-to-day testing activities.



<ol><li>Testsigma Recorder</li><li>Selectorhub</li><li>LambdaTest&nbsp;</li><li>Clear Cache</li><li>Awesome Screenshot: Screen Video Recorder</li><li>Resolution Test</li><li>Lighthouse</li><li>Exploratory Testing Chrome Extension</li><li>Spell Checker for Chrome</li><li>FULL PAGE SCREEN CAPTURE</li></ol>



Please note: All of these are free tools, but some of them have paid features we can use accordingly.



1. Testsigma Recorder:



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter is-resized"><img loading="lazy" src="https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-vK2EcStUKk4fw6KpYrf8OmJ5fKPT7WjMVFWR1wRVMPZs2B__8RAjJNAjrNttfobDETR2fHIskAZMtYNf0clxY7ZApXJsOHqPg5uuPnpY0UOxSqVxnOlpSg0CxmUXNydRCf4wKYLBcxPKbJnsZ9nvzmC3Z8j-efgnauaHhUOiGXbYaBulXva7PK9M3p7VnOVeGGRwMv4gA" alt="Graphical user interface, text, application

Description automatically generated" width="600" height="400"/></figure></div>



Testsigma recorder is used for recording end to end interactions with the web applications and store the actions in plain English sentences and tests are executed directly on the cloud. <a href="https://github.com/testsigmahq/testsigma" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Testsigma is an open source test automation tool</a> and can be used freely just by signing up. Then, testers can just add the Testsigma Recorder chrome extension and kickstart the <a href="https://testsigma.com/automated-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">automation</a> journey.



Link :&nbsp; <a href="https://chrome.google.com/webstore/search/testsigma%20recorder" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Testsigma Recorder</a>



2. SelectorsHub



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter is-resized"><img loading="lazy" src="https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/RE7VfHWjV2dRdiJthpmJzJ5BIhT7hAPseFwohMa7MRpWW5W90rYWPoMfwyU8BdA493ZbTWPTK1MEhS0FZ3kfr01fYkVJ8JFgcA-Ro0CVU7FRbpHlj0ThJURqgKU90BGDDdQU3YEu2piX7piuiLolu3uR1zObkdC_umc0GSCYK7HfpohbnoiON8tdPvkQtL-RiqZlS3R3Fg" alt="" width="600" height="400"/></figure></div>



SelectorsHub is a chrome extension which helps testers write and verify xpath, CSS Selector , Playwright selectors, Jquery and JS path. It also helps us to generate unique xpath and css selector. It is the most helpful tool for automation testers to get all the locators just with a single click.



Follow below steps to use SelectorsHub xpath plugin



<ol><li>Add it to chrome extension&nbsp;</li><li>After adding it to browser, restart the browser.&nbsp;</li><li>Open DevTools.</li><li>Click on SelectorsHub tab (refer screenshot).</li></ol>



Link: <a href="https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/selectorshub/ndgimibanhlabgdgjcpbbndiehljcpfh?hl=en" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">SelectorHub</a>



3. LambdaTest&nbsp;



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter is-resized"><img loading="lazy" src="https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/xGBR9-X2QCs7JJ62iddLNNsPniVN-7CtpzUypNLEDX7D2Q0-5Vxj_WnDCwFBAVYkL9JWg0Uh0dmj2jyMWb3se6ZhckmN4nSKfYf2JeCrJNcnVgaE8mazLig7PX4KvqerdggJv7_9j_JojCpNL-W3OyrM2xV9nUd8zFiET2s9EnABuT8s4Dxnbb7EMdE4ZEQ-u2wIZlseGA" alt="Graphical user interface, text, application

Description automatically generated" width="600" height="400"/></figure></div>



LambdaTest Chrome Extension helps testers to run the cross browser tests on the cloud faster.



We can choose configurations faster and run the tests directly from the browser tab which ever we want.



This extension increases productivity, lesser testing time and is collaboration friendly. It has many more exciting features like geolocation tests, we can even schedule screenshots which makes testing easier by reducing time in testing.



Link:&nbsp; <a href="https://chrome.google.com/webstore/search/LambdaTest" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">LambdaTest</a>



4. Clear Cache&nbsp;



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter is-resized"><img loading="lazy" src="https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/ogsgXppqvjBi5IvVIDZXsDY4IGWslY24o2becSzwzCHjXLtkkqzfNeoePNJgZcAcRNWc_nuCrwedIVNW9KJ2hwDsJotB60lFXUmXiDOLufIDNHoxNU9Zdq5Uh883xmZ-Hkmnj-ykOVvoEzBLKpWJwkh5AfwU7TpxgjOQlj_b7yKN8unQwpQY1-MkkI99lI1KRoq0Aq6CFA" alt="Graphical user interface, text, application

Description automatically generated" width="600" height="400"/></figure></div>



While testing , whenever any deployment is done , as a tester we will be facing cache issue where we misunderstand as application is not deployed properly. To resolve this&nbsp; issue, we can use the Clear Cache chrome extension and clear the cache. We can even customize what and to what extent the data needs to be cleared. Using this extension we can quickly clear the cache.



Link: <a href="https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/clear-cache-for-chrome/lcebokhepdpopanpieoopnjiehmoabfp" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">ClearCache</a>



5. Awesome Screenshot: Screen Video Recorder 



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter is-resized"><img loading="lazy" src="https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/nkWl1nDZbqxCrKuTp2-2W9bFVLlrW3SzUpOyDnBcG0NKF3xtxE33HLzu84092p4ii4QkOYPbxyAUEsuPRuyiznJuYQu9fQzwko7E0QiDwVEXNA-JupVx0qvIwMFiCUddqu8lsZfjAov6Ov8AiqL-wHRUvEJaNkKZopmsAcY_xEU4D-A5L2x2lmXydEuSIJbioKJF6a4Zxw" alt="Graphical user interface, text, application, email

Description automatically generated" width="600" height="400"/></figure></div>



Awesome screenshot is the most useful and highly rated screen capture and image annotation tool on Chrome. It helps us to capture whole page or only some part of any web page.



We can add annotations, comments and capture the desktop even.



Link: <a href="https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/awesome-screenshot-and-sc/nlipoenfbbikpbjkfpfillcgkoblgpmj" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">AwesomeScreenshot</a>



6. Resolution Test



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter is-resized"><img loading="lazy" src="https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/rvtzwMYqPHF52JHYxYWnVbR23paEzhn-N3Y3Z9f4RxhEVLPNxSxAbJABhaAvDAz39mPyNNH4Qq8caKCjHENprY6-ejEOnRlsJVUVpXeqCGA2ggtN69P9aag7Y_dOY7IYakPYld6TaDDkPK7CfhtsLtOmFlbwbfmcVkz2cvpkZy0hUPrszkt8DmBx8WKZ7EopR-PnLPnI3Q" alt="" width="600" height="400"/></figure></div>



Resolution Test is an extension for Testers to test the web pages in different screen resolutions.



It even helps us to define our own resolutions, own browser sizes and test the applications.



Once it is installed, click on the menu with a list of dropdown containing different screen resolutions and we can just click on each as per our need and test how the look and feel is displayed.



Link: <a href="https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/resolution-test/idhfcdbheobinplaamokffboaccidbal" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Resolution Test</a>



7. Lighthouse



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter is-resized"><img loading="lazy" src="https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/FzMnEey1MPAs9UiXrsTVfdpBX7zWqjJPumMWJ5EI7jYvu0TZN7sLrK9ZT_ecnYzvSPKCldDmbF_qvhjmOjlx3PnlV9xd85VSqI-KCok1jffSzoD9vTXyYZ11GLKwQRLp6zSuKbZJlkOwlppEKMoXx2cXtisArRA7mAQYebDSt2X4qiKJIO4-7rclSsqG9wN6XAs0x1lV3A" alt="Graphical user interface, text, application, email

Description automatically generated" width="600" height="400"/></figure></div>



Lighthouse is an open-source, automated tool which helps to improve the performance, quality of the web pages.



When testing a web page, Lighthouse runs a set of tests against the web page and generates us the report of the status. By seeing the status, we can improve our application conditions.



Link: <a href="https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/lighthouse/blipmdconlkpinefehnmjammfjpmpbjk" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Lighthouse</a>



8. Exploratory Testing Chrome Extension



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter is-resized"><img loading="lazy" src="https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/hQnBMTo3gykJGQAXfK86uodW-A-NJh3eqBiLztvWCC3gW4bCHSBVk1C2JX0NlQdsQ7pak-NiKz1Uzih0nSpcQTH9pFXKuVJw_RPTmF5CvgwdesLi2MXXmIEiEEALecFHvwbAIof64kEvS7414r7qEPmEmeXsBxIXB6f_gx6tiFMzB88BBm-IrJmLKoar5pctBKr0tfOBEw" alt="Graphical user interface, text, application

Description automatically generated" width="600" height="400"/></figure></div>



Exploratory Testing Chrome Extension helps testers to make web exploratory testing easier and smarter. It helps us to report bugs, ideas, notes. It helps us to take screenshots during the session. It tracks URL automatically and see the session results in the report. It helps us to export session to JSON, CSV and HTML.



Link: <a href="https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/exploratory-testing-chrom/khigmghadjljgjpamimgjjmpmlbgmekj" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Exploratory Testing Chrome Extension</a>



9. Spell Checker for Chrome



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter is-resized"><img loading="lazy" src="https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/FDHabhKECzQriewA_5WGsDSwFxv-k1QyoQtlbv_PBOeeByejVJp4WZAfIEHIRkOoUiPMczlVvwYLTi-i_CPd8Lbf9nAOs_gmvHyYJBoaBJ1EPKZvIDmi2db5_nQ3CjFikmIyWe0SsVUNCCvLkxv82UyM2q1E8lS4PlLkJY925OTatRdQ672T-Jn6hd_pZ49-PbwiBQCcRg" alt="" width="600" height="400"/></figure></div>



Spell Checker Chrome Extension makes us to easy to use.&nbsp; It supports 12 languages altogether for spell check. It helps us to check spellings of words and highlights the misspelled words. It has user defined shortcuts, color and dictionary.



 10. FULL PAGE SCREEN CAPTURE 



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter is-resized"><img loading="lazy" src="https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/tnR9cSF8KWHicos9CU46z9uMsD7qlXfhmAC3-OLYZIbB3zeu46guXIwfADEnuLuzloAHJa7vTCdvlfssdcsNfOKHRfiu6jrGeP_I55heChTHUbz9yY_w3TPgmhzsZ8trtFsPSBJUVplmPr9GW1BljWqwLNWTWz04z1zAtbYquVmtlWgkAa5nwrRCDNLpfeDEqW81ftsmLQ" alt="Graphical user interface, text, application

Description automatically generated" width="600" height="400"/></figure></div>



Full Page Screen Capture captures a screenshot of your current page entirely and reliably without requesting any extra permissions.



It helps us easily to take a full page screenshot of your current browser window. In order to take the entire page of the screenshot , we can scroll to each visible part and it assembles all the pieces.&nbsp;



We need to export the result to PNG, JPEG or PDFs using all configurable from the chrome extensions’ options.



The extension is managed by an independent developer.



View the original open source project on GitHub:&nbsp; https://github.com/mrcoles/full-page-screen-capture-chrome-extension.



These are the 10 must-have Chrome Extensions for Testers that can facilitate and speed up the testing process. They make our work easier and life simpler.



Hope you liked it and you will be adding some to your regular toolkit and make use of them.



Having these chrome extensions will allow us to perform QA Testing faster and smoother and it yields more reliable results.

10 must-have chrome extensions for Testers

UX Lessons Learned From My Real-Life Experiences Part - 2

UX Lessons Learned From My Real-Life Experiences Part – 2

In today&#8217;s world, mobile applications are essential for any business to thrive, and almost all developed products offer web and mobile support. This has made mobile application testing an integral part of the QA life cycle, and adding to it. The onus is on the test automation engineers to develop an E2E automation suite for mobile application testing.



In this blog, I will explain how test automation engineers can start using Appium to automate mobile applications developed using Flutter.



&#8220;Appium is a well-known open-source mobile automation framework through which we can automate Android and iOS mobile applications.&#8221;



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><ul><li><a href="#About_Flutternbsp">0.1 About Flutter:&nbsp;</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#How_can_we_Automate_Flutter_Apps">1 How can we Automate Flutter Apps?</a><ul><li><a href="#Appium_Flutter_Driver">1.1 Appium Flutter Driver:</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Appium_Set_Up_and_Walkthrough">2 Appium Set Up and Walkthrough:</a><ul><li><a href="#Installing_Appium_Flutter_Driver">2.1 Installing Appium Flutter Driver:</a></li><li><a href="#nbspFlutter_Finder_Library">2.2 &nbsp;Flutter Finder Library:</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#How_to_Generate_the_Jar_for_Flutter_Finder_Library">3 How to Generate the Jar for Flutter Finder Library:</a></li><li><a href="#How_to_Inspect_Elements_in_the_Flutter_App">4 How to Inspect Elements in the Flutter App?</a><ul><li><a href="#Sample_App">4.1 Sample App:</a></li><li><a href="#Pre-Requisites">4.2 Pre-Requisites:</a></li><li><a href="#IDE">4.3 IDE:</a></li><li><a href="#Mobile_Device">4.4 Mobile Device:</a></li><li><a href="#Have_added_the_following_dependencies_in_my_pomxml_file">4.5 Have added the following dependencies in my pom.xml file</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Can_we_launch_Flutter_App_in_Appium_Inspector">5 Can we launch Flutter App in Appium Inspector?</a></li><li><a href="#Switching_between_Native_App_and_Flutter_App_context">6 Switching between Native App and Flutter App context:</a></li><li><a href="#Conclusion">7 Conclusion:</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions">8 Frequently Asked Questions</a><ul><li><a href="#What_is_Appium_Flutter_Driver">8.1 What is Appium Flutter Driver?</a></li><li><a href="#How_can_I_automate_my_Flutter_app_using_Appium_Flutter_Driver">8.2 How can I automate my Flutter app using Appium Flutter Driver?</a></li><li><a href="#Can_I_run_my_Appium_Flutter_Driver_tests_on_real_devices">8.3 Can I run my Appium Flutter Driver tests on real devices?</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h3 id="h-about-flutter">About Flutter:&nbsp;</h3>



<ul><li>An open-source UI development framework created by Google</li><li>Using Flutter, it is now possible for developers to develop cross-platform applications for Android, iOS, Linux, macOS, Windows, Google Fuchsia, and the web from a single codebase.</li><li>Flutter apps are written in Dart programming language and run on Dart virtual machines.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-how-can-we-automate-flutter-apps">How can we Automate Flutter Apps?</h2>



Flutter framework, by default, comes up with<a href="https://api.flutter.dev/flutter/flutter_driver/flutter_driver-library.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow"> flutter_driver</a>. But using flutter_driver for UI automation has its limitations, and one of the main limitations is that we can write automation tests only in the Dart programming language. This can be quite tedious for test automation engineers without exposure to the Dart programming language.



<h3 id="h-appium-flutter-driver">Appium Flutter Driver:</h3>



The Appium developer community has created a new driver,<a href="https://github.com/appium-userland/appium-flutter-driver" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow"> appium_flutter_driver</a>.This has enabled test automation engineers to automate flutter-based apps just like how they would automate android and iOS mobile apps.&nbsp;



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<h2 id="h-appium-set-up-and-walkthrough">Appium Set Up and Walkthrough:</h2>



I assume you have already set up Appium on your machine.&nbsp;



<h3 id="h-installing-appium-flutter-driver">Installing Appium Flutter Driver:</h3>



<ul><li>If you are using Appium 2, use the command &#8220;appium driver install flutter&#8221; to install appium-flutter-driver.</li></ul>



<h3 id="h-flutter-finder-library">&nbsp;Flutter Finder Library:</h3>



The Appium developer community has also developed a flutter finder library through which we can interact with flutter-based elements. Below are the few locator strategies available in the flutter finder library.



<ul><li>bySemanticslabel</li><li>byValuekey</li><li>byType</li><li>ancestor</li><li>byTooltip</li><li>descendant</li><li>pageBack</li><li>getRenderTree</li><li>text</li></ul>



&#8220;You can also go through common finders class documentation to understand more about the locator strategies&#8221;



<h2 id="h-how-to-generate-the-jar-for-flutter-finder-library">How to Generate the Jar for Flutter Finder Library:</h2>



<ul><li>Pull the latest from the repo: <a href="https://github.com/appium-userland/finder-kotlin" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">here</a> to your system.</li><li>Go to the respective folder where the repo is placed and from the terminal, run the command: “gradle clean build&#8221;</li><li>Once the build is over, inside the build directory of the project, i.e., “build/libs/appium-flutter-finder-0.0.6.jar&#8221;, you can find the jar.</li><li>You can add this jar to your automation project.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-how-to-inspect-elements-in-the-flutter-app">How to Inspect Elements in the Flutter App?</h2>



&#8220;Before trying to identify/inspect elements in the flutter app, request you to quickly go through the Introduction to widgets section in the flutter documentation to get an idea of how the UI is basically built out of Widgets.&#8221;



Using Flutter Inspector, one can inspect the widgets and try to identify the elements, but it might not be as easy compared to inspecting elements using Appium Inspector. So here is what you can do: take help from the developers to get all the required locators.



Let&#8217;s now try to <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/automated-login/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">automate the login</a> flow in a flutter app.&nbsp;



<h3 id="h-sample-app">Sample App:</h3>



<ul><li>Provider Shopper&nbsp;</li><li>You can also download more sample flutter apps from<a href="https://flutter.github.io/samples/#" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow"> here</a></li></ul>



<h3 id="h-pre-requisites">Pre-Requisites:</h3>



After downloading a sample flutter app, we need to do certain prerequisites so that the flutter app becomes feasible to automate.



Browserstack has elaborately mentioned the prerequisites <a href="https://www.browserstack.com/docs/app-automate/appium/test-hybrid-apps/test-flutter-apps#preprocess-flutter-app-for-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">here</a>. You can go through this to complete the pre-requisite and to build the app. 



<h3 id="h-ide">IDE:</h3>



<ul><li>IntelliJ IDEA</li></ul>



Programming Language:



<ul><li>Java: Open JDK 17.0.3v</li></ul>



<h3 id="h-mobile-device">Mobile Device:</h3>



<ul><li>Android Emulator</li></ul>



<h3 id="h-have-added-the-following-dependencies-in-my-pom-xml-file">Have added the following dependencies in my pom.xml file</h3>



<ul><li>Appium java client: 8.1.1</li><li>TestNG: 7.5</li><li>Kotlin standard library for JVM: 1.3.40</li><li>Kotlin multiplatform serialization runtime library: 0.14.0</li><li>And do not forget to add the flutter finder jar to your project.</li></ul>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>public class FlutterAndroidShopper { private AndroidDriver driver; private FlutterFinder find; @BeforeTest public void setUp() throws Exception { DesiredCapabilities caps = new DesiredCapabilities(); caps.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.PLATFORM_NAME, “android”); caps.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.AUTOMATION_NAME, “Flutter”); caps.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.NEW_COMMAND_TIMEOUT, “3000”); caps.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.DEVICE_NAME, “emulator-5554”); caps.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.APP, “”); //mention your app path here driver = new AndroidDriver(new URL(“http://localhost:4723/wd/hub”), caps); find = new FlutterFinder(driver); } @Test public void login(){ find.bySemanticsLabel(“Username”).sendKeys(“username”); find.bySemanticsLabel(“Password”).sendKeys(“Password”); find.text(“ENTER”).click(); Assert.assertEquals(find.text(“Catalog”).getText(),”Catalog”); } @AfterTest public void tearDown(){ if(driver!=null){ driver.quit(); } } }</code></pre>



As you can see from the above code, I have created a new object for FlutterFinder class, and with that, I can interact with the elements in the flutter app.



Similarly, you can also run automation on your iOS device as well.



An important point to be considered here is:



For running the <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/mobile-automation-testing-tools-appium-testsigma-testcomplete-and-more/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">automation in Android</a> and <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/3-steps-automate-mobile-applications-using-testsigma/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">iOS mobile applications</a>, AUTOMATION_NAME should be &#8220;Flutter&#8221;



<h2 id="h-can-we-launch-flutter-app-in-appium-inspector">Can we launch Flutter App in Appium Inspector?</h2>



We cannot launch the flutter app in Appium inspector with the automation name: &#8220;Flutter,&#8221;



But if the app has both native and flutter-based components:



<ul><li>We can launch the app in Appium inspector by mentioning the automation name &#8220;UIAutomator2&#8221; for android and &#8220;XCUITest&#8221; for iOS.</li><li>Only native elements can be found in the inspector; we will not be able to find flutter-based elements.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-switching-between-native-app-and-flutter-app-context">Switching between Native App and Flutter App context:</h2>



If the app has both native and flutter-based components, here is what you need to do:



<ul><li>Start the <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/mobile-automation-testing-tools-appium-testsigma-testcomplete-and-more/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Appium</a> session with automation_name as &#8220;Flutter&#8221;</li><li>driver.getContextHandles() =&gt; will give “NATIVE_APP” and “FLUTTER”</li><li>You can then set the context accordingly using driver.context(&#8220;NATIVE_APP”) and interact with the respective elements.</li></ul>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>public class FlutterAndroidShopper { private AndroidDriver driver; private FlutterFinder find; @BeforeTest public void setUp() throws Exception { DesiredCapabilities caps = new DesiredCapabilities(); caps.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.PLATFORM_NAME, “android”); caps.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.AUTOMATION_NAME, “Flutter”); caps.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.NEW_COMMAND_TIMEOUT, “3000”); caps.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.DEVICE_NAME, “emulator-5554”); caps.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.APP, “”); //mention your app path here driver = new AndroidDriver(new URL(“http://localhost:4723/wd/hub”), caps); find = new FlutterFinder(driver); } @Test public void login(){ switchContext(“NATIVE_APP”); RemoteWebElement username = (RemoteWebElement) driver.findElement(By.xpath(“/hierarchy/android.widget.FrameLayout/android.widget.LinearLayout/android.widget.FrameLayout/android.widget.FrameLayout/android.view.View/android.view.View/android.view.View/android.view.View/android.widget.EditText&#91;1]”)); username.click(); username.sendKeys(“Username”); switchContext(“FLUTTER”); find.bySemanticsLabel(“Password”).sendKeys(“Password”); find.text(“ENTER”).click(); Assert.assertEquals(find.text(“Catalog”).getText(),”Catalog”); } public void switchContext(String context) { Set contexts = driver.getContextHandles(); for (String appContext : contexts) { if (appContext.contains(context)) { driver.context(appContext); break; } } } @AfterTest public void tearDown(){ if(driver!=null){ driver.quit(); } } }</code></pre>



<h2 id="h-conclusion">Conclusion:</h2>



Thus, by using the Appium flutter driver and flutter finder library, you can now start writing <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/8-top-test-automation-mistakes-and-tips-for-qa-teams-to-avoid-them/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">automation tests</a> using the Appium Java client for flutter apps and also for flutter+native apps.&nbsp; Despite the support and the capabilities offered, the Appium flutter driver is still in the early stages of development and due to this, there might be <a href="https://github.com/appium-userland/appium-flutter-driver/issues" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">issues</a> and limitations in using the same for flutter <a href="https://testsigma.com/mobile-testing-tools" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">app automation</a>.&nbsp;&nbsp;



So before adopting the appium flutter driver, do thorough research, understand the pros and cons, and then make the call! Happy testing.



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<h2 id="frequently-asked-questions">Frequently Asked Questions</h2>



<h3 id="what-is-appium-flutter-driver">What is Appium Flutter Driver?</h3>



Appium Flutter Driver is a testing tool that allows you to automate Flutter apps using Appium. It helps you interact with the UI elements of your Flutter app, such as buttons, text fields, and dropdowns, and perform various actions on them, such as clicking, typing, and selecting. With Appium Flutter Driver, you can write automated tests for your Flutter app and run them on real devices or emulators.



<h3 id="how-can-i-automate-my-flutter-app-using-appium-flutter-driver">How can I automate my Flutter app using Appium Flutter Driver?</h3>



You need to follow a few steps to automate your Flutter app using Appium Flutter Driver. First, you need to set up your environment by installing the required software, such as Flutter, Android Studio, and Appium. Then, you need to create a Flutter project and add the necessary dependencies for Appium Flutter Driver. After that, you can write your automated tests using your favorite programming language and run them using Appium. To simplify this process, you can use a test automation platform like Testsigma that provides a user-friendly interface for creating and running automated tests.



<h3 id="can-i-run-my-appium-flutter-driver-tests-on-real-devices">Can I run my Appium Flutter Driver tests on real devices?</h3>



Yes, you can run your Appium Flutter Driver tests on real devices and emulators. Appium supports a wide range of devices and platforms, including iOS, Android, Windows, and macOS. To run your tests on real devices, you can just connect your device to your computer and configure the Appium settings accordingly. With Testsigma, you can easily set up your test environment and run your tests on real devices without hassle.

Automating Flutter Apps with Appium Flutter Driver

Automating Flutter Apps with Appium Flutter Driver using Appium Java Client

10 Best DevOps Platforms List to Look For

Top 9 DevOps Automation Tools to look out for in 2022 & beyond cover

Top 9 DevOps Automation Tools to Look Out for

Acceptance Criteria and Acceptance testing are crucial for a comprehensive software development process. Acceptance criteria are the conditions a software product must meet to make it acceptable to end customer. On the other hand, acceptance testing checks whether a software product meets the acceptance criteria.



Both these processes ensure robust and quality software. In this blog, we’d explore Acceptance Criteria vs Acceptance Testing in detail, along with their types, structures, advantages, and more.



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#What_are_Acceptance_Criteria">1 What are Acceptance Criteria?</a></li><li><a href="#What_is_an_Acceptance_Test">2 What is an Acceptance Test?</a></li><li><a href="#Acceptance_Criteria_vs_Acceptance_Testing_Know_the_Differences">3 Acceptance Criteria vs Acceptance Testing: Know the Differences</a></li><li><a href="#Conclusion">4 Conclusion</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions">5 Frequently Asked Questions</a><ul><li><a href="#What_is_the_difference_between_acceptance_criteria_and_test_scripts">5.1 What is the difference between acceptance criteria and test scripts?</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="dcro7">What are Acceptance Criteria?</h2>



The acceptance criteria are a set of several prerequisites and conditions that must be satisfied for the product to be considered acceptable by clients and end users. They verify the software&#8217;s development and ensure the product operates as intended, without any flaws or bugs.



The acceptance criteria should always be written before development begins. Writing these criteria should clarify &#8220;what&#8221; to expect rather than &#8220;how&#8221; to achieve or implement a specific functionality because the purpose of doing so is to state the aim, not the solution. Here are some things to keep in mind:



<ul><li>The acceptance criteria should be clear and concise.</li><li>The criteria should be achievable and testable.</li><li>The criteria should align with the project&#8217;s objectives.</li></ul>



<h2 id="b4ms6">What is an Acceptance Test?</h2>



An Acceptance test determines whether the software meets the acceptance criteria for a given requirement. It ensures that a system is working as intended before it is deployed. Acceptance tests are typically carried out by the customer or end-user after <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/unit-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">unit testing</a>, <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/integration-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">integration testing</a>, and <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/system-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">system testing</a>.



Acceptance test, in its simplest form, can be thought of as a validation technique that determines every part of the software&#8217;s functional, non-functional and technical requirements and verifies that it accurately satisfies the defined acceptance criteria.



<figure class="wp-block-table aligncenter"><table><tbody><tr><td>Read all about <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/acceptance-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Acceptance Testing</a></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>



<h2 id="6mujj">Acceptance Criteria vs Acceptance Testing: Know the Differences</h2>



The primary difference between acceptance criteria and acceptance testing is that the former documents the expected behavior of a feature, whereas the latter defines the expected behavior of entire application.



Here are some basic differences:



<figure class="wp-block-table">
&nbsp;
&nbsp;
&nbsp;
&nbsp;
&nbsp;
&nbsp;
<table style="border: 1px solid black;border-collapse: collapse">
<tbody>
<tr style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">
<td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">Acceptance Criteria </td>
<td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">Acceptance Testing </td>
</tr>
<tr style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">
<td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">Acceptance Criteria refer to the conditions software must meet to be accepted by the customer.</td>
<td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">Acceptance Testing determines whether the software meets the acceptance criteria.</td>
</tr>
<tr style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">
<td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">These are written prior to development stage.</td>
<td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">These are implemented during product development.</td>
</tr>
<tr style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">
<td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">They define what needs to be done.</td>
<td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">It represents how it should be done.</td>
</tr>
<tr style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">
<td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">Either the client or the development team writes the criteria.</td>
<td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">The user or customer carries out the testing.</td>
</tr>
<tr style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">
<td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">There is minimum or sometimes no requirement for documentation.</td>
<td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">It demands detailed documentation.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</figure>



<h2 id="ce7fp">Conclusion</h2>



Now that we have understood the differences, types, and structures of acceptance criteria and testing, it is evident that they are crucial for a comprehensive software development process. It’s just not possible to ignore one over the other. By following the best practices, you can deliver a quality product that not only meets your users&#8217; expectations but also remains bug-free.



<h2 id="frequently-asked-questions">Frequently Asked Questions</h2>



<h3 id="what-is-the-difference-between-acceptance-criteria-and-test-scripts">What is the difference between acceptance criteria and test scripts?</h3>



Acceptance Criteria establish the criteria that a product or feature must fulfill to be deemed complete and satisfactory from a user&#8217;s perspective. They define a product&#8217;s expected behaviors, functionalities, and outcomes but do not delve into the specific steps required to attain these outcomes. On the contrary, Test Scripts offers detailed instructions for testers to follow in a step-by-step manner to determine if the product meets the defined acceptance criteria. These scripts encompass specific actions or sequences to ensure the product functions correctly and satisfies the acceptance criteria. To summarize, acceptance criteria articulate the objectives, whereas test scripts elucidate the process of verifying the fulfillment of those objectives.

Acceptance Criteria Vs Acceptance Tests – Know the Difference With Examples cover