<p>JavaScript is the most popular programming language. In recent days, many UI frameworks have been built with JavaScript-based NodeJS platforms such as React, Angular, Vue, etc. TypeScript also internally utilizes JavaScript, as TypeScript is a typed superset of JavaScript. There was a time NUnit, XUnit, and JUnit testing frameworks were ruling the market. As JavaScript gained popularity, many testing frameworks emerged to support JavaScript/TypeScript-based applications. Let’s analyze the top three JavaScript Testing Frameworks: Jest vs Mocha vs Jasmine.</p>



<p>Many browser-based automation testing frameworks, such as Cypress, Puppeteer, and Selenium JavaScript bindings, rely on these frameworks internally. Before that, let’s discuss why unit testing is essential for JavaScript applications.</p>



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets"><p class="toc_title">Table Of Contents</p><ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#What_is_JavaScript_Testing_Framework"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">1</span> What is JavaScript Testing Framework?</a></li><li><a href="#Types_of_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">2</span> Types of Testing</a></li><li><a href="#Why_do_we_need_Unit_Testing_for_JavaScript_applications"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">3</span> Why do we need Unit Testing for JavaScript applications?</a></li><li><a href="#Jest_vs_Mocha_vs_Jasmine_Why_compare_them"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">4</span> Jest vs Mocha vs Jasmine: Why compare them?</a><ul><li><a href="#Jest_Mocha_and_Jasmines_initial_release_dates"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">4.1</span> Jest, Mocha, and Jasmine’s initial release dates</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Jest_JavaScript_Testing_Framework"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">5</span> Jest JavaScript Testing Framework</a><ul><li><a href="#Jest_Data_on_NPM_and_GitHub"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">5.1</span> Jest Data on NPM and GitHub</a></li><li><a href="#Advantages_of_Jest_JavaScript_Testing_Framework"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">5.2</span> Advantages of Jest JavaScript Testing Framework</a></li><li><a href="#Limitations_of_Jest_Framework"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">5.3</span> Limitations of Jest Framework</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Mocha_JavaScript_Testing_Framework"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">6</span> Mocha JavaScript Testing Framework</a><ul><li><a href="#Mocha_Trends_on_NPM_and_GitHub"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">6.1</span> Mocha Trends on NPM and GitHub</a></li><li><a href="#Advantages_of_Mocha_Testing_Framework"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">6.2</span> Advantages of Mocha Testing Framework</a></li><li><a href="#Limitations_of_Mocha_Framework"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">6.3</span> Limitations of Mocha Framework</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Jasmine_JavaScript_Testing_Framework"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">7</span> Jasmine JavaScript Testing Framework</a><ul><li><a href="#Jasmine_Facts_on_NPM_and_GitHub"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">7.1</span> Jasmine Facts on NPM and GitHub </a></li><li><a href="#Advantages_of_Jasmine_JavaScript_Framework"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">7.2</span> Advantages of Jasmine JavaScript Framework</a></li><li><a href="#Limitations_of_Jasmine"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">7.3</span> Limitations of Jasmine</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Jest_vs_Mocha_vs_Jasmine_Which_one_to_choose"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">8</span> Jest vs Mocha vs Jasmine: Which one to choose?</a></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="a45ef"><span id="What_is_JavaScript_Testing_Framework">What is JavaScript Testing Framework?</span></h2>



<p>The JavaScript testing framework is a testing library, which supports testing front-end applications by providing assertions, code coverage, mocking, etc., and ensures the correctness of the developed feature.</p>



<h2 id="db24o"><span id="Types_of_Testing">Types of Testing</span></h2>



<p>Software application testing can be broadly categorized into two levels:</p>



<ul><li><strong>End-to-End Testing:</strong> This is browser-based testing, in a layman&#8217;s term simulation of user-based scenarios. This requires launching the browser, simulating user actions, and validating them. Tools such as Cypress, WebdriverIO, and Puppeteer are examples. Generally, end-to-end testing tools provide the simulation feature to verify the outcome of the use cases; it depends on test libraries such as Mocha, Jest or Jasmine, etc.</li><li><strong>Unit Testing:</strong> This generally doesn’t require browsers to run the test; individual components will be tested against the requirements. The test libraries, such as Jest, Mocha, and Jasmine, are configured to run the unit tests. Whenever there are new features or bug fixes, the developer should ensure that unit testing is in place.</li></ul>



<p>Jest, Mocha, and Jasmine have gained popularity as they are necessary for unit testing, integration testing, and end-to-end testing. Its scope is not limited to JavaScript; it supports TypeScript as well.</p>



<h2 id="8g97t"><span id="Why_do_we_need_Unit_Testing_for_JavaScript_applications">Why do we need Unit Testing for JavaScript applications?</span></h2>



<p>The modern software development architecture recommends TDD (Test Driven Development) or BDD (Behavior Driven Development) as the mandatory practice while application development, as it has many advantages and helps to deliver a quality product. Below are some common benefits of unit testing:</p>



<ul><li><strong>Early detection of bugs: </strong>Unit testing is one of the easiest and most cost-effective ways to prevent bugs. Unit testing checks the logic at the component level, ensuring that the component is working as expected.</li><li><strong>Early detection of regressions:</strong> When the developer changes the code to fix the bug or add a new feature, the unit test reports the failure, which helps in the early detection of the bugs.</li><li><strong>Saves cost:</strong> Any bug caught later in development is costlier, as it has to go through multiple processes, and a lot of effort is involved. When there is an effort, there is a cost. Since unit testing helps in the early detection of bugs, it saves many expenses in the long run.</li><li><strong>Defect prevention: </strong>Well-written unit tests can prevent the defect, as the test fails instantly, preventing the unintended modification of code.</li><li><strong>Quality gate:</strong> Unit testing serves as a quality gate, as the percentage of code coverage can be measured and set the quality gate as per the requirement. The code merge fails instantly if the coverage is below the required limit.</li></ul>



<p>Let’s compare the three testing JavaScript frameworks: Jest vs Jasmine vs Mocha.</p>



<h2 id="4v96l"><span id="Jest_vs_Mocha_vs_Jasmine_Why_compare_them">Jest vs Mocha vs Jasmine: Why compare them?</span></h2>



<p>These three frameworks have existed for a long time and are quite popular in the market. Whenever the question arises about the best among these three, the answer is always debatable. However, by analyzing their features, limitations, and trends in the market, we should be able to conclude which is the best framework. All three frameworks were released a decade back.</p>



<h3 id="e0de2"><span id="Jest_Mocha_and_Jasmines_initial_release_dates">Jest, Mocha, and Jasmine’s initial release dates</span></h3>



<ul><li>Jasmine&#8217;s Initial release was on September 14, 2010</li><li>Jest was created in 2011, and it was made open-source in 2014</li><li>Mocha&#8217;s initial release was on 22 November 2011</li></ul>



<p>These three frameworks perform well even after a decade, so it&#8217;s worth exploring and comparing them. This article compares them in an unbiased way.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://images.storychief.com/account_36412/image_128385a6a120ee1d172f9b09c10c50e9_800.png" alt="jest rankings"/><figcaption>Source: Testing experience ranking<gwmw style="display:none;"></figcaption></figure>



<p>The above image shows the satisfaction ranking of testing libraries. Jest is in the Top 3, Mocha is in the Top 8, and Jasmine is in the Top 10. This ranking is a comparison of all JavaScript testing frameworks, both unit and end-to-end testing frameworks. As mentioned earlier, some end-to-end testing framework uses one of these libraries, for example, Cypress internally uses Mocha/Chai libraries. The above ranking can be used as a reference but not for a conclusion unless you evaluate the features against your organization&#8217;s requirements.</p>



<h2 id="cf2j3"><span id="Jest_JavaScript_Testing_Framework">Jest JavaScript Testing Framework</span></h2>



<p>Jest is an open-source JavaScript testing framework managed by Facebook, Inc. It supports different types of front-end projects such as Babel, TypeScript, <a href="https://fireart.studio/trusted-node-js-development-company/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Node</a>, React, Angular, Vue, etc. Jest was built for the Facebook chat feature and was created in JavaScript. The framework is enhanced to support many core features and open source. The Meta (formerly Facebook) open-source project was maintaining the Jest framework, but Meta has decided to hand over Jest to the OpenJS foundation.</p>



<h3 id="2bepo"><span id="Jest_Data_on_NPM_and_GitHub">Jest Data on <a href="https://www.npmjs.com/package/jest">NPM </a>and GitHub</span></h3>



<ul><li>Weekly Downloads: 17,153,924</li><li>Used by: 6.4M</li><li>Contributors: 1,387</li><li>Forks: 6K</li><li>Star: 40.1K</li><li>License: MIT</li></ul>



<h3 id="dnlnf"><span id="Advantages_of_Jest_JavaScript_Testing_Framework">Advantages of Jest JavaScript Testing Framework</span></h3>



<ul><li>Zero config setup. Jest is easy to set up. Install the Jest package using npm or Yarn and start writing the test.</li><li>Jest test execution is comparatively faster; parallel testing makes it even faster.</li><li>Jest framework provides an easy mocking feature with rich mock functions; you just need to import and start spying on functions.</li><li>Rich assertions make Jest provide the accurate results.</li><li>Detailed documentation lists every feature with examples, which helps anyone to understand and resolve the problem.</li><li>Snapshot testing or Visual testing is another key feature of the Jest framework. The Snapshot testing helps validate UI bugs, for example, layout, typography, alignment, etc.</li><li>Easy to debug and resolve the failures.</li><li>Some of the critical features of Jest include clear output, powerful developer tools, frequent releases, lightweight, etc.</li></ul>



<p>Learn More: <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/uncaught-typeerror-in-javascript/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Uncaught Type Error in Javascript&nbsp;</a></p>



<h3 id="1pn6v"><span id="Limitations_of_Jest_Framework">Limitations of Jest Framework</span></h3>



<ul><li>People who worked with other testing libraries may find it hard to learn Jest.</li><li>Jest is not supported by all IDE. If you are using the unsupported IDE, you might not get powerful features like IntelliSense, auto import, etc.</li><li>Compared to other similar libraries, Jest lacks the library and tooling support.</li><li>The auto mocking feature makes Jest slower.</li></ul>



<h2 id="3dqch"><span id="Mocha_JavaScript_Testing_Framework">Mocha JavaScript Testing Framework</span></h2>



<p>Mocha is an open-source JavaScript testing framework built by NodeJS. It is part of the OpenJS foundation. Mocha is consistently the first choice of developers for a long time. This framework always concentrates on core features and extensibility. To make the most out of Mocha and ensure effective testing of JavaScript applications, businesses can <a href="https://binary-studio.com/hire-node-js-developers" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">hire Node js developers</a> with expertise in Mocha.</p>



<h3 id="6fdf8"><span id="Mocha_Trends_on_NPM_and_GitHub">Mocha Trends on <a href="https://www.npmjs.com/package/jest">NPM </a>and <a href="https://github.com/mochajs/mocha">GitHub</a></span></h3>



<ul><li>Weekly Downloads: 6,659,493</li><li>Used by: 1.7M</li><li>Contributors: 480</li><li>Forks: 3K</li><li>Star: 21.6K</li><li>License: MIT</li></ul>



<h3 id="8kbb"><span id="Advantages_of_Mocha_Testing_Framework">Advantages of Mocha Testing Framework</span></h3>



<p>Mocha is a simple and flexible framework; it doesn&#8217;t come with assertion libraries you can use any assertions libraries. The Chai, Sinon, Express.js, and Should.js libraries are the most popular assertion libraries with Mocha. It can be used for both front-end and back-end testing. As it is flexible, Mocha can be configured to work on any project such as React, Angular, etc.</p>



<ul><li>Mocha supports Test Driven Development (TDD) and Behavior Driving Development (BDD).</li><li>Mocha test runs serially, so results are always accurate.</li><li>Mocha tests can be set up to run test cases directly on the web browser.</li><li>It provides various ways to generate the test report; you can even choose to create custom reports.</li><li>It can be configured for synchronous or asynchronous testing.</li><li>Mocha provides a good number of plugins that helps to extend your framework.</li><li>Mocha highlights the slow running tests after the test run.</li><li>Mocha supports the retry failed tests feature, which helps to configure re-running the failed tests if tests are flaky.</li></ul>



<h3 id="40g24"><span id="Limitations_of_Mocha_Framework">Limitations of Mocha Framework</span></h3>



<ul><li>The developer needs to spend time configuring and setting up the Mocha framework.</li><li>Snapshot testing is not supported out of the box; you need to depend on external libraries.</li><li>Though it has good documentation, the search feature is not user-friendly.</li><li>As you have to integrate different frameworks for assertions, the test scripts can sometimes be confusing.</li><li>Mocha is falling behind in releasing new features and supporting developer tools nowadays.</li></ul>



<h2 id="hslu"><span id="Jasmine_JavaScript_Testing_Framework">Jasmine JavaScript Testing Framework</span></h2>



<p>Initially released in September 2010, Jasmine is an open-source JavaScript framework that runs with NodeJS. It supports BDD development. Everything needed for testing is shipped as a single package in Jasmine. It has inbuilt assertions, so there is no need to configure external assertion libraries. Jasmine is an independent testing library. Jest and Mocha share the syntaxes and similarities with Jasmine. Jasmine existed even before Mocha and Jest, making it one of the oldest JavaScript testing frameworks.</p>



<h3 id="d63ra"><span id="Jasmine_Facts_on_NPM_and_GitHub">Jasmine Facts on <a href="https://www.npmjs.com/package/jasmine-core">NPM</a> and <a href="https://github.com/jasmine/jasmine">GitHub </a></span></h3>



<ul><li>Weekly Downloads: 4,278,068</li><li>Used by: 2.4M</li><li>Contributors: 218</li><li>Forks: 2.3K</li><li>Star: 15.4K</li><li>License: MIT</li></ul>



<h3 id="d8ndn"><span id="Advantages_of_Jasmine_JavaScript_Framework">Advantages of Jasmine JavaScript Framework</span></h3>



<p>Jasmine ships all the features out-of-the-box that are required for unit tests; you do not have to download any external libraries.</p>



<ul><li>Jasmine can be used with any popular development framework.</li><li>Jasmine supports asynchronous testing.</li><li>Jasmine&#8217;s syntaxes are clear, and the tests are more readable.</li><li>Good community support is a big plus for Jasmine, as it has existed as a popular framework for a long time.</li><li>Jasmine provides good tool and extension support, which helps to customize and extend the framework.</li><li>Jasmine provides a variety of assertions; it is more readable and easier to use.</li></ul>



<h3 id="epkqs"><span id="Limitations_of_Jasmine">Limitations of Jasmine</span></h3>



<ul><li>Jasmine provides everything out of the box, but the user has to spend time configuring them.</li><li>It has good documentation, but not documented in a user-friendly way.</li><li>Asynchronous testing is complex with Jasmine.</li></ul>



<h2 id="f7lfm"><span id="Jest_vs_Mocha_vs_Jasmine_Which_one_to_choose">Jest vs Mocha vs Jasmine: Which one to choose?</span></h2>



<p>It&#8217;s tough to conclude which is better, as every framework has its pros and cons. The testing framework cannot be chosen based on trends, popularity, or usage. Several criteria need to be evaluated while choosing the testing framework, for example, the front-end development library, type of application, skillsets, etc. After assessing the organization and project requirements, the testing framework needs to be integrated.</p>



<p>If you consider the popularity, Jest is mostly popular with ReactJS and NextJS-based applications, and Jasmine is popular with Angular-based applications. The complex projects choose the Mocha testing framework as it provides a lot of flexibility. Having said that, no framework can be considered the best. However, if the framework fulfills your project and organization requirements, that is the best for you.</p>



<p>We know that unit testing is part of the application testing and resides at the lower level before integrating the components. The actual behavior can be tested only after integrating all the components by performing end-to-end testing. Like Unit testing tools, many tools provide end-to-end testing functionality. The common problem with testing tools is that though they use the same programming languages, their usage and configuration are different. So one needs to invest time and effort in learning them.</p>



<p>Interestingly, <a href="https://testsigma.com/why-choose-testsigma-for-continuous-testing">Testsigma </a>provides scriptless testing, so you don&#8217;t have to install any tool to perform end-to-end testing. Once you sign up, you can start writing your tests in plain English. Writing the tests in simple English feature encourages everyone to contribute to testing and eliminates <a href="https://testsigma.com/docs/getting-started/introduction-cloud/">setup </a>time and learning efforts.<gwmw style="display:none;"></p>



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Jest vs Mocha vs Jasmine: Top 3 JavaScript Testing Frameworks in 2022 cover

Jest vs Mocha vs Jasmine: Top 3 JavaScript Testing Frameworks


<p>In 2021, an astounding 1.43 billion mobile devices were sold. This indicates the increasing dependence on these mobile devices for the performance of tasks that were traditionally done by desktops. There are 2.65 million apps on Google Play; therefore, it is very essential that your app be found and without any errors. Simulators and emulators can be cost-effective alternatives for testing on real mobile devices, offering unique advantages. Let’s see how these tools can help in developing your app and what unique advantages they provide.</p>



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets"><p class="toc_title">Table Of Contents</p><ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#Simulator_vs_Emulator_Overview"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">1</span> Simulator vs Emulator: Overview</a><ul><li><a href="#What_is_a_Simulator"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">1.1</span> What is a Simulator?</a></li><li><a href="#What_is_an_Emulator"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">1.2</span> What is an Emulator?</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Simulator_vs_Emulator_6_Key_Differences"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">2</span> Simulator vs Emulator: 6 Key Differences</a></li><li><a href="#What_is_a_Real_Device"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">3</span> What is a Real Device?</a></li><li><a href="#Why_Real_Device_is_not_always_used_for_Mobile_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">4</span> Why Real Device is not always used for Mobile Testing?</a></li><li><a href="#Overcoming_Real_Device_Problems_with_Testsigma"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">5</span> Overcoming Real Device Problems with Testsigma</a></li><li><a href="#Wrap_up"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">6</span> Wrap up!</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">7</span> Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)</a><ul><li><a href="#Which_is_better_an_emulator_or_a_real_device"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">7.1</span> Which is better, an emulator or a real device?</a></li><li><a href="#What_is_simulator_vs_emulator_in_the_mobile_testing_example"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">7.2</span> What is simulator vs emulator in the mobile testing example?</a></li><li><a href="#How_does_an_emulator_compare_to_a_real_device_for_developing_purposes"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">7.3</span> How does an emulator compare to a real device for developing purposes?</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="simulator-vs-emulator-overview"><span id="Simulator_vs_Emulator_Overview"><strong>Simulator vs Emulator: Overview</strong></span></h2>



<h3 id="h-what-is-a-simulator"><span id="What_is_a_Simulator">What is a Simulator?</span></h3>



<p><strong>Simulators</strong> create an abstract model of a system, mimicking its behavior and functionality without replicating its exact underlying architecture. They are often used for training and educational purposes, allowing users to experiment with various scenarios safely and efficiently. Read here &#8211; <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/simulation-test/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Simulation Test</a></p>



<h3 id="h-what-is-an-emulator"><span id="What_is_an_Emulator">What is an Emulator?</span></h3>



<p><strong><a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/what-is-an-emulator/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Emulators</a></strong>, on the other hand, strive to reproduce the exact hardware and software environment of a system. This means that applications can run as if they are on the original platform, making emulators essential for testing software compatibility and performance across different environments.</p>



<h2 id="h-simulator-vs-emulator-6-key-differences"><span id="Simulator_vs_Emulator_6_Key_Differences"><strong>Simulator vs Emulator: 6 Key Differences</strong></span></h2>



<p>Here is a table to explain the differences in detail:</p>



<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Criteria</strong></td><td><strong>Simulator</strong></td><td><strong>Emulator</strong></td></tr><tr><td><strong>Hardware Replication</strong></td><td>Does not replicate the exact hardware.</td><td>Closely replicates both hardware and software environments.</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Accuracy</strong></td><td>May not reflect real-world performance accurately.</td><td>Accurate representation of device behavior.</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Resource Requirements</strong></td><td>Generally less resource-intensive.</td><td>Can be resource-intensive.</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Configuration</strong></td><td>Often easier to set up.</td><td>May require specific configuration and setup.</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Speed</strong></td><td>Typically faster than emulators.</td><td>Slower than simulators due to hardware emulation.</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Use Cases</strong></td><td>Ideal for early-stage testing, <a href="https://reloadux.com/blog/ui-ux-design-evaluation-methods-for-usability-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">UI/UX evaluation</a>, and quick feedback.</td><td>Suitable for testing hardware-specific features, detailed performance evaluation, and preparing for release.</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>



<h2 id="h-what-is-a-real-device"><span id="What_is_a_Real_Device"><strong>What is a Real Device?</strong></span></h2>



<p>A real device is not a specially crafted device for testing or development.&nbsp;</p>



<p>It is the same device that you, I, and any other end-user use personally. So you just need to buy a device, install your application, and start testing right away.</p>



<p>A real device is the best way to <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/software-application-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test your application</a> because since it is an actual device, all the parameters you would see will be accurate. So, why did we talk about emulators and simulators when a real device looks like the best option?&nbsp;</p>




<div class="cta-banner-v2">
<div class="title-with-description ">
<p class="title">Automate and execute your tests on real devices, 5x faster, with Testsigma</p>
</div>
<a href="https://testsigma.com/signup" target="_blank" class="cta-btn-v1" rel="noopener">Try for free</a>
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<h2 id="h-why-real-device-is-not-always-used-for-mobile-testing"><span id="Why_Real_Device_is_not_always_used_for_Mobile_Testing"><strong>Why Real Device is not always used for Mobile Testing?</strong></span></h2>



<p>This question always pops out: Why Real Devices Aren&#8217;t Always Used for Mobile Testing?</p>



<p>Using just real devices for <a href="https://testsigma.com/mobile-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">mobile testing</a> is impractical because of the huge number of mobile devices, high costs, and infrastructure requirements associated with them.&nbsp;</p>



<p>Keeping a device fleet alive and ensuring network connectivity and software updates could be expensive and time-consuming. Therefore, organizations are typically forced to look at alternative solutions, such as using simulators or emulators to keep up-to-date without all the overhead.</p>



<p>We can take <a href="https://testsigma.com/"><strong>Testsigma </strong></a>as an example and see how to overcome any problem with real-time devices.</p>



<h2 id="h-overcoming-real-device-problems-with-testsigma"><span id="Overcoming_Real_Device_Problems_with_Testsigma"><strong>Overcoming Real Device Problems with Testsigma</strong></span></h2>



<p>In this section, let me show you how you can tackle device-related issues without the hassle of maintenance or purchasing new devices. With Testsigma, it&#8217;s possible!</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXdplDEscVf6ykYrrC2lmMS9jzIxOQE1O0K0sWR4rPCUyd1ubUQoJoNPjkDVDd0jyF8QP6LWH0Pl1XPiOp3kfvTdrvf3MlfNzbzjzW4GxD8tqn5_zP7vTbIik2KQ2gMQSdJ5tlXt4780vkLF5USIYr4wl9c?key=-_0Wa5g7Qjsrm7B1SYLSbA" alt="Overcoming Real Device Problems with Testsigma" /></figure>



<p>Testsigma offers access to real devices for testers who want to deliver high-quality apps but are limited by budget or maintenance costs.</p>



<p>Here’s how to test your mobile app on Testsigma:</p>



<ol><li><strong>Sign up </strong>on Testsigma.</li><li><strong>Create a new project</strong> or open an existing one, then click “Record.”</li><li><strong>Select the device and OS version</strong>, and upload your application.</li><li>Once uploaded, click “Record” to start capturing your testing session.</li><li>Click “LOG IN” to fill in the necessary details.</li></ol>



<p>Using Testsigma’s mobile recorder, you can see your app running on a real device, just like a user would. You can interact with the app—tapping buttons, entering text, and more—all of which gets recorded and translated into plain English on the left side.</p>



<p>These recorded steps can be saved and reused for future versions of your app.</p>



<p>Testsigma is an excellent choice for mobile app testing, allowing you to use real devices without high costs.&nbsp;</p>



<p>Try our platform and share your feedback in the comments!</p>




<div class="cta-banner-v2">
<div class="title-with-description ">
<p class="title">Automate and execute your tests on real devices, 5x faster, with Testsigma</p>
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<a href="https://testsigma.com/signup" target="_blank" class="cta-btn-v1" rel="noopener">Try for free</a>
</div>




<h2 id="h-wrap-up"><span id="Wrap_up"><strong>Wrap up!</strong></span></h2>



<p>The growth and affordability of mobile phones have made app testing essential. Effective testing often requires real devices, though this can be challenging. We can choose among emulators, simulators (rarely), and real devices based on their strengths. While real devices offer thorough testing, they may not always be cost-effective.</p>



<p>Lastly, we recommend an online platform for testing apps that provide access to real devices without the hassle of procurement or maintenance.</p>



<p>I hope this post helps your mobile app testing efforts.&nbsp;</p>



<p><em>Thank you for your time! Happy Testing.</em></p>



<h2 id="h-frequently-asked-questions-faqs"><span id="Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs"><strong>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)</strong></span></h2>



<h3 id="h-which-is-better-an-emulator-or-a-real-device"><span id="Which_is_better_an_emulator_or_a_real_device">Which is better, an emulator or a real device?</span></h3>



<p>Among emulators and real devices, the latter is better for performing mobile device testing. It provides the same environment to run the application and gives proper results for performance and <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/functional-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">functional testing</a>.</p>



<h3 id="h-what-is-simulator-vs-emulator-in-the-mobile-testing-example"><span id="What_is_simulator_vs_emulator_in_the_mobile_testing_example">What is simulator vs emulator in the mobile testing example?</span></h3>



<p>In mobile testing, simulator/emulator are the machines designed to mimic the mobile device environment on a desktop. Both serve the same purpose but have different functioning scenarios. While the former only simulates the software on top of the system hardware, the latter recreates both software and hardware similar to a mobile device environment. Get here . <a href="https://testsigma.com/ios-simulator-online" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><strong>IOS Simulator Online</strong></a></p>



<h3 id="h-how-does-an-emulator-compare-to-a-real-device-for-developing-purposes"><span id="How_does_an_emulator_compare_to_a_real_device_for_developing_purposes">How does an emulator compare to a real device for developing purposes?</span></h3>



<p>Emulators emulate (or imitate) another program or device, but real devices show the exact performance and functional environment where the application will be running.</p>





Android Emulator for Linux
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Top 10 Android Emulators for PCs
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Everything you need to know about Simulator vs. Emulator vs. Real Device - Mobile Testing cover

Simulator vs Emulator: 6 Top Key Differences


<p>Device farms are used to simulate the testing process of iOS and Android applications on multiple device platforms. Subsequently, you can cut labor costs and time required by using some of the best device farms for testing. Hence, it helps you achieve greater test coverage and eases your DevOps mobile pipeline.</p>



<p>In recent times, there has been a gradual increase in the range of mobile devices. We see devices with different features, OS, screen sizes, etc. Therefore, it&#8217;s natural that we need to put more effort into testing our applications on each of these devices. We want our applications to work flawlessly on every possible device the user might use.</p>



<p>With all these new versions of Android and iOS devices available, manual testing will take a toll on your budget and labor hours. Hence, there was a need for a platform that would allow you to perform simulated manual testing on a broad range of devices all in one place.</p>



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets"><p class="toc_title">Table Of Contents</p><ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#What_are_device_farms"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">1</span> What are device farms?</a></li><li><a href="#Benefits_of_mobile_app_testing_on_device_farms"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">2</span> Benefits of mobile app testing on device farms</a></li><li><a href="#Best_mobile_device_farms_for_testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">3</span> Best mobile device farms for testing</a><ul><li><a href="#Testsigma"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">3.1</span> Testsigma</a></li><li><a href="#AWS_Device_Farm"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">3.2</span> AWS Device Farm</a></li><li><a href="#Sauce_Labs"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">3.3</span> Sauce Labs</a></li><li><a href="#Firebase_Test_Lab"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">3.4</span> Firebase Test Lab</a></li><li><a href="#Samsung_Remote_Test_Lab"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">3.5</span> Samsung Remote Test Lab</a></li><li><a href="#Xamarin_Test_Cloud"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">3.6</span> Xamarin Test Cloud</a></li><li><a href="#Kobiton"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">3.7</span> Kobiton</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Conclusion"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">4</span> Conclusion</a></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="f6aan"><span id="What_are_device_farms">What are device farms?</span></h2>



<p>When the device fleet rose in earlier times, Nokia started an initiative to make the lives of testers somewhat easier. They would allow them to run their applications on rented devices in a remote-controlled mode. However, we could not scale it to the extent of mobile variations that we have now.</p>



<p>As a further development, now the OS itself could provide tools that would allow testers to simulate user actions on applications. Consequently, they can write scripts that can be executed on mobile phones running in developer modes. These scripts would easily imitate user actions on devices.</p>



<p>Subsequently, they built DevOps tools that automatically build and run these scripts on thousands of mobile devices. These devices would have the target applications on them and run in developer mode.</p>



<p>A fleet of such devices with different variations running on remote cloud labs is called a device farm.</p>



<h2 id="bm1j6"><span id="Benefits_of_mobile_app_testing_on_device_farms">Benefits of mobile app testing on device farms</span></h2>



<p>If you are working at scale, <a href="https://testsigma.com/mobile-testing" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">testing your mobile applications</a> on multiple devices becomes really expensive and time-consuming. On device farms, you have access to thousands of devices with different configurations.</p>



<p>You can leverage emulators and simulators to perform your testing. Cloud-based testing also allows you to capture performance issues. Here are some of the most important benefits of using device farms for mobile app testing.</p>



<ul><li>You have lots of devices with different OS platforms, screen orientations, display sizes, memory, network, etc. It reduces the overall maintenance and infrastructure cost.</li><li>You can perform parallel testing which will save you tons of time.</li><li>Cloud-based environments are usually secure and they can be accessed from anywhere.</li><li>You can get detailed reports in the form of graphs, video recordings, screenshots, etc.</li><li>With the help of all the reports, it becomes easier to spot bugs and fix them.</li><li>You can easily integrate them with your CI/CD pipeline, making collaboration easier.</li></ul>



<h2 id="b5a22"><span id="Best_mobile_device_farms_for_testing">Best mobile device farms for testing</span></h2>



<p>On a lower level, all the device farms use some kind of special script. This script is launched by the OS to simulate actions like gestures, button presses, touch, etc.</p>



<p>The main difference is the subsystems used by these device farms for executing these scripts. Some of the popular ones are &#8211; Espresso, Appium, Calabash, UI Automator, Robotium, XCTest, etc.</p>



<p>In this article, let’s discuss a mix of free and professional device farms and test labs.</p>



<h3 id="1e3u3"><span id="Testsigma"><a href="https://testsigma.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Testsigma</a></span></h3>



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/static-docs.testsigma.com/new_images/projects/applications/dashboard.png" alt="Testsigma Dashboard showing all the sections"/></figure>



<p>Testsigma is not just a device farm but a cloud-based, no-code test automation platform. It allows you to perform parallel <a href="https://testsigma.com/automated-mobile-app-testing" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">automated tests on real devices</a> hosted in the cloud. It helps you to create test cases using plain English, and there is no need to set up any infrastructure.</p>



<p>Here are the features of Testsigma that make it sit right on top of the deck.</p>



<ul><li>Testsigma has zero learning curve, enabling everyone to test on the go with its simple English scripting feature</li><li>You can perform <a href="https://testsigma.com/automated-mobile-app-testing">automated mobile app test</a> scenarios on 3000+ iOS and Android devices remotely.</li><li>Parallel automated testing is supported, allowing for quick results.</li><li>Creating detailed test cases for UI/UX testing is easy with Testsigma.</li><li>Testsigma provides drill-down test reports with video recordings and screenshots.</li><li>Bug sharing, CI/CD integration, and other features make reporting results faster and easier.</li></ul>



<div class="cta-banner-v2">
<div class="title-with-description ">
<p class="title">Testsigma can help you cut test maintenance by 50% across platforms with live mobile app testing on its device farm.</p>
</div>
<a href="https://testsigma.com/request-demo" target="_blank" class="cta-btn-v1" rel="noopener">Try now for free</a>
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<h3 id="fqfak"><span id="AWS_Device_Farm">AWS Device Farm</span></h3>



<p>This is the most widely used and best mobile device farm for testing currently available. It lets you test concurrently on multiple devices to speed up the execution of your test suites. It also generates logs and videos for extensive debugging.</p>



<p>A large number of devices with options to choose memory, CPU usage, location, carriers, etc.</p>



<p>Videos and logs to reproduce the bugs faster. Fine-tune real-world environments by setting location, network, language, etc. Several plugins and APIs to integrate with your CI/CD, like Jenkins, Android Studio, etc.</p>



<p>Set up private device labs to avoid long waiting queues. For script executors, you can use Appium (iOS + Android), Espresso and Robotium for Android, and UIAutomation and XCTest for iOS.</p>



<h3 id="at6t2"><span id="Sauce_Labs">Sauce Labs</span></h3>



<p>Sauce Labs allow you to expedite live and automated mobile app testing on public and private device clouds. You can use Android emulators and iOS simulators that are highly reliable, cost-effective, scalable, and optimized for your CI/CD pipeline.</p>



<p>You can easily achieve beta, live, automated, and API testing using high volumes of real device tests with minimum error rates.You will have access to features such as unlimited screenshots and videos, single-use VMs, secure local tunneling, REST API access, tons of debugging tools, etc. </p>



<p>Similar to AWS device farms, Sauce Labs also allows you access to the best script executors including Appium, Espresso, and XCUITest.</p>



<h3 id="2hgl3"><span id="Firebase_Test_Lab">Firebase Test Lab</span></h3>



<p>This has been developed by Google and is specifically designed for testing Android applications, but you can also test iOS apps. It uses real production devices for app testing running in Google data centers.</p>



<p>They have customizable locale settings and updated APIs. You can easily road-test your app by configuring the hardware and software configurations. Some of its key capabilities are &#8211;</p>



<p>Firebase Test Lab is integrated with Android Studio, Firebase console, and gCloud CLI. You can even integrate it with your CI pipelines. To execute scripts, you can use Espresso, Robotium, UI Automator 2.0, and Robo tools.</p>



<p>It provides testing and cloud API quotas included in Blaze and Spark testing plans. The spark plan is free and can perform 15 daily test runs. The blaze plan determines the cost based on the time taken for test runs.</p>



<h3 id="avd6v"><span id="Samsung_Remote_Test_Lab">Samsung Remote Test Lab</span></h3>



<p>Needless to say, Samsung owns a big chunk of the world&#8217;s smartphone and Android market. Hence, it’s worth noting the remote testing lab provided by Samsung.</p>



<p>This device farm contains all the flagship Samsung smartphone devices. Additionally, testers will have access to innovations even before they have rolled them out to market. This will allow you to test the operations of your applications on devices that have not yet launched.</p>



<p>Not only this, you can even perform tests on Tizen-based devices like Galaxy smartwatches and Tizen mobiles.</p>



<p>There are more than 30 smartphone and tablet models to perform your tests on. It allows you to manually record all the events and steps you want to test in the same sequence. Besides, it enables you to perform remote debugging.</p>



<p>The Samsung device farms are completely free to use. However, the only constraint is that you can only test your application on Samsung smartphones.</p>



<h3 id="53i5u"><span id="Xamarin_Test_Cloud">Xamarin Test Cloud</span></h3>



<p>The Xamarin device farms are a part of Microsoft’s Visual Studio App Center. It allows you to run your tests on over 2500 mobile devices. You can upload your application and tests on the Xamarin Cloud using Visual Studio. This will automatically install the application on the environment and prepare your test runs.</p>



<p>Xamarin offers frameworks such as Appium, Calabash, Espresso, and Xamarin.UITest to execute your test scripts. When the test runs are completed, it will send out a notification with detailed test reports to all the registered users.</p>



<h3 id="3gj89"><span id="Kobiton">Kobiton</span></h3>



<p>With Kobiton, you can access hundreds of real devices in the cloud. Concerning performance, these devices mimic actual devices in hand. It has a slew of features without any complicated setup procedures.</p>



<p>Whether you run manual or automated tests, it captures detailed, rich test logs in formats like screenshots and videos, along with metrics like memory and battery performance. You can easily replay scenarios to perform root cause analysis.</p>



<p>You can perform parallel execution of all your test scripts. It allows you to integrate it into your CI/CD pipelines quickly. With the help of ADB debugging, you can easily get hold of cloud (or local) devices straight from your developer workstation. You can natively access mobile devices directly from your IDE.</p>



<p>You can <a href="https://www.vpnreactor.com/best-free-vpn/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">use VPN</a> from your private Kobiton cloud to ensure flexibility but not at the cost of security. Kobiton supports open standard frameworks, which means that your scripts are protected. Some of these are Appium, Espresso, Selenium, XCUI, etc.</p>



<h2 id="73ec3"><span id="Conclusion">Conclusion</span></h2>



<p>In this article, we have reviewed some of the best device farms you can use to test your iOS and Android mobile applications. There’s no doubt that, when used at scale, the benefits of using cloud-based device farms are immense.</p>



<p>It helps testers get out of the hassles of multi-device UI/UX testing, saves a lot of time, and cuts labor costs. If you are a single developer looking to test your app on a few devices, you can try out a free solution like Firebase Test Lab, Samsung Remote Test Lab, etc.</p>



<p>If you are working on an app with a potentially large target audience, it&#8217;s always better to test the application thoroughly on as many device configurations as possible. In that case, you can try out platforms like AWS Device Farm, Kobiton, etc.</p>



<p>But if you are looking for a completely hassle-free and automated solution, you should definitely give a test-automation platform like <a href="https://testsigma.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Testsigma</a> a shot.</p>



<p>Stay Tuned!</p>


7 Top Device Farms to test your iOS and Android applications


<p>The software development lifecycle consists of many stages to ensure that the final deliverable meets the requirements. Testing software is one such integral part of the development process. The two most popular tests for any software are &#8211; unit testing and integration testing.</p>



<p>On a high level, Unit testing allows us to test a single component of code in isolation which is usually a single method or class. On the other hand, integration testing enables us to test the connection or flow between different components. These components can be several pieces of code, services, APIs, database connections, etc.</p>



<p>In this article, let&#8217;s explore the differences between unit testing and integration testing.</p>



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets"><p class="toc_title">Table Of Contents</p><ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#Unit_Test_and_Integration_Test_8211_Overview"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">1</span> Unit Test and Integration Test &#8211; Overview</a><ul><li><a href="#What_is_Unit_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">1.1</span> What is Unit Testing?</a></li><li><a href="#What_is_Integration_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">1.2</span> What is Integration Testing?</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Differences_Between_Unit_Testing_and_Integration_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">2</span> Differences Between Unit Testing and Integration Testing</a></li><li><a href="#Similarities_Between_Unit_Testing_and_Integration_Testing_8211_Why_do_People_Mix_them_Up"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">3</span> Similarities Between Unit Testing and Integration Testing &#8211; Why do People Mix them Up?</a></li><li><a href="#Unit_Test_vs_Integration_Testnbsp_When_to_Use_Which"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">4</span> Unit Test vs Integration Test:&nbsp; When to Use Which?</a></li><li><a href="#Final_Thoughts"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">5</span> Final Thoughts</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">6</span> Frequently Asked Questions</a><ul><li><a href="#What_is_the_difference_between_integration_testing_and_system_testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">6.1</span> What is the difference between integration testing and system testing?</a></li><li><a href="#What_is_the_difference_between_a_unit_test_and_an_interface_test"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">6.2</span> What is the difference between a unit test and an interface test?</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-unit-test-and-integration-test-overview"><span id="Unit_Test_and_Integration_Test_8211_Overview"><strong>Unit Test and Integration Test</strong> <strong>&#8211; Overview</strong></span></h2>



<h3 id="5pavl"><span id="What_is_Unit_Testing"><a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/unit-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">What is Unit Testing</a>?</span></h3>



<p>Unit testing is a testing method that focuses on a single piece or unit of code. We use them to test a methodology in isolation. It determines the logical integrity of a method or a class. Simply put, we use them to determine whether a piece of code does what it&#8217;s expected to do.</p>



<p>For example, consider an application that books airline tickets. There might be several services and APIs in the code, each of which might have several methods/functions with their own purpose. There might be a service that allows users to log in, another that allows them to input details such as source and destination, etc. Suppose, in a service, we have a method that filters flights within a specific price range.</p>



<p>In this case, if you want to test this method, you need to ensure that, based on a given price range, the actual output has the same number and description of flights that are expected. This is called unit testing.</p>



<h3 id="b3vtj"><span id="What_is_Integration_Testing">What is <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/integration-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Integration Testing</a>?</span></h3>



<p>We have learned that only testing the isolated pieces of code is not sufficient to determine the software’s integrity. In such a case, it’s better to test how different parts of the application interact and work together. This process is called integration testing.</p>



<p>Unlike unit testing, integration testing considers the side effects of the code from the beginning, which may even be desirable at times. Let’s consider the example that we used before. Suppose there’s a service that fetches the user&#8217;s details from the database and auto-fills it. If we want to test this logic, there’s a dependency on the database here. In these cases, developers need to prepare, query, and mutate the database. They often mock these external dependencies, just like in unit testing.</p>



<p>Integration testing helps us to spot not-so-obvious issues or bugs that might have been caught by examining a specific unit’s implementation. It figures out bugs in the interplay of multiple components, which are often difficult to reproduce or track.</p>



<p>Ideally, developers prepare and execute unit test cases first to validate the logical integrity of specific methods. After that, they prepare integration tests to ensure that several methods or components interact with each other as they are supposed to. In the above example, an integration test here would run the same test cases against a real database as opposed to unit test cases that use mocked data. “Integration testing” is a general term and confines any tests where we involve multiple components.</p>



<p>Check here-<a href="https://testsigma.com/tools/integration-testing-tools/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"> Integration Testing Tools</a></p>



<h2 id="differences-between-unit-testing-and-integration-testing"><span id="Differences_Between_Unit_Testing_and_Integration_Testing"><strong>Differences Between Unit Testing and Integration Testing</strong></span></h2>



<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Aspect</strong></td><td><strong>Unit Testing</strong></td><td><strong>Integration Testing</strong></td></tr><tr><td><strong>Definition</strong></td><td>Testing individual components or functions in isolation.</td><td>Testing combined parts of an application to ensure they work together.</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Purpose</strong></td><td>Verify that each unit of the software performs as expected.</td><td>Ensure that integrated components function correctly as a group.</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Scope</strong></td><td>Narrow focus on a single unit or module.</td><td>Broader focus on the interactions between multiple units.</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Level of Testing</strong></td><td>The first level of testing in the software development lifecycle.</td><td>Second level, following unit testing.</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Features</strong></td><td>-Fast execution,&nbsp;<br>-High granularity</td><td>&#8211; Tests interactions<br>&#8211; May involve multiple systems<br>&#8211; Can use real data</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Tools</strong></td><td>JUnit, NUnit, Mocha, pytest</td><td>Testsigma, TestNG, Postman, JUnit (for integration), Cypress</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Limitations</strong></td><td>&#8211; Doesn’t test interactions between units<br>&#8211; Misses integration issues</td><td>&#8211; More complex setup<br>&#8211; Can be time-consuming<br>&#8211; May miss individual unit issues</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Benefits</strong></td><td>&#8211; Catches bugs early<br>&#8211; Simplifies debugging<br>&#8211; Facilitates refactoring</td><td>&#8211; Identifies interface defects<br>&#8211; Validates combined functionality<br>&#8211; Ensures data flow between modules</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Types</strong></td><td>&#8211; Manual Unit Testing<br>&#8211; Automated Unit Testing</td><td>&#8211; Top-down Integration Testing<br>&#8211; Bottom-up Integration Testing<br>&#8211; Big Bang Integration Testing<br>&#8211; Sandwich (or Hybrid) Integration Testing</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Execution Time</strong></td><td>Generally quick to run.</td><td>Takes longer due to the complexity of integrated components.</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Testers</strong></td><td>Typically performed by developers.</td><td>Often involves testers and developers working together.</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>



<h2 id="codeh"><span id="Similarities_Between_Unit_Testing_and_Integration_Testing_8211_Why_do_People_Mix_them_Up"><strong>Similarities Between Unit Testing and Integration Testing &#8211; Why do People Mix them Up?</strong></span></h2>



<p>There are a lot of similarities between unit testing and integration testing, which may confuse developers and testers. Fundamentally, both these tests are functional tests. We use them to catch issues and bugs during the early development phase. We do both tests to ensure good quality and <a href="https://www.atlassian.com/continuous-delivery/software-testing/code-coverage" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">code coverage</a> before release.</p>



<p>Ultimately, this will reduce the time needed for debugging in case of any errors or issues after release. Moreover, these tests help you reduce the time and effort required to maintain the code. Also, if any changes or refactoring are done to a piece of code, you can verify if that piece of code still holds the same functional value. In this way, both tests are correlated to each other. These tests play a vital part in the complete testing process of your project.</p>



<p>Check here- <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/functional-testing-vs-integration-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Functional Testing vs Integration Testing </a></p>



<h2 id="unit-test-vs-integration-test-when-to-use-which"><span id="Unit_Test_vs_Integration_Testnbsp_When_to_Use_Which"><strong>Unit Test vs Integration Test:&nbsp; When to Use Which?</strong></span></h2>



<p><strong>Unit Testing</strong></p>



<p><strong>What It Is</strong>:<br>Tests a single piece of code (like a function) to ensure it works correctly.</p>



<p><strong>When to Use</strong>:</p>



<ul><li><strong>During Development</strong>: Use them while writing code to catch errors early.</li><li><strong>Frequent Changes</strong>: When a piece of code is likely to change often, unit tests help ensure it still works.</li><li><strong>Debugging</strong>: To find and fix issues in specific functions.</li><li><strong>Example</strong>: Testing a function that calculates the total price in a shopping cart to make sure it gives the right result.</li></ul>



<p id="integration-test"><strong>Integration Test</strong></p>



<p><strong>What It Is</strong>:<br>Tests how different pieces of code work together.</p>



<p><strong>When to Use</strong>:</p>



<ul><li><strong>After Unit Testing</strong>: Once individual pieces are tested, check how they interact.</li><li><strong>Multiple Components</strong>: When different parts of the application need to work together (like a front end and a back end).</li><li><strong>Complex Workflows</strong>: When you want to ensure that the flow of data between parts is correct.</li><li><strong>Example</strong>: Testing the entire process of a user making a payment through a website to ensure it connects correctly to the payment processor.</li></ul>



<p>Check here- <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/integration-testing-of-your-android-with-testsigma/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Android Integration Testing</a></p>



<h2 id="final-thoughts"><span id="Final_Thoughts"><strong>Final Thoughts</strong></span></h2>



<p>Unit testing and integration testing are both essential in software development. It&#8217;s important to use both strategies to ensure bug-free software. Understanding their differences is key to deciding which one to use. Happy testing!</p>



<h2 id="frequently-asked-questions"><span id="Frequently_Asked_Questions"><strong>Frequently Asked Questions</strong></span></h2>



<h3 id="what-is-the-difference-between-integration-testing-and-system-testing"><span id="What_is_the_difference_between_integration_testing_and_system_testing">What is the difference between integration testing and system testing?</span></h3>



<p id="integration-testing-vs-system-testing"><a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/system-testing-vs-integration-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Integration Testing vs System Testing</a></p>



<p><strong>Integration Testing</strong>: Focuses on verifying interactions between multiple components or modules within a system to ensure they work together correctly. It is typically conducted after unit testing and before system testing.</p>



<p><strong>System Testing</strong>: Involves testing the complete and integrated software application as a whole to validate that it meets specified requirements. It checks the end-to-end functionality of the entire system in an environment that mimics production.</p>



<p>Check here- <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/integration-testing-vs-end-to-end-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Integration Testing vs End to End Testing</a></p>



<h3 id="what-is-the-difference-between-a-unit-test-and-an-interface-test"><span id="What_is_the_difference_between_a_unit_test_and_an_interface_test">What is the difference between a unit test and an interface test?</span></h3>



<p id="unit-test-vs-interface-test">Unit Test vs. Interface Test</p>



<p><strong>Unit Test</strong>: Tests individual functions or methods in isolation to ensure they work correctly, focusing on specific pieces of code without dependencies. It is usually written and maintained by developers.</p>



<p><strong>Interface Test</strong>: Validates the interactions between different software modules or systems, ensuring that the interfaces work as intended and data is correctly passed between them. It typically focuses on the boundaries between components.</p>



<customlinks>
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<ts-linktext-value>Unit Testing vs End to End Testing</ts-linktext-value>
<ts-linkurl-value>https://testsigma.com/blog/unit-test-vs-e2e-test/</ts-linkurl-value>
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<ts-linktext-value>Unit Testing vs Acceptance Testing</ts-linktext-value>
<ts-linkurl-value>https://testsigma.com/blog/unit-testing-vs-acceptance-testing/</ts-linkurl-value>
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<ts-linktext-value>Unit Testing vs Regression Testing</ts-linktext-value>
<ts-linkurl-value>https://testsigma.com/blog/regression-test-vs-unit-test/</ts-linkurl-value>
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</customlinks>


Unit Testing Vs Integration Testing - Important Differences cover

Unit Testing Vs Integration Testing – Important Differences


<p>Smartphones have revolutionized our lives, and you&#8217;re likely reading this on one. It&#8217;s hardly shocking to consider how pervasive mobile gadgets have become. Nearly half of people polled in a February 2021 survey conducted by L.Ceci via Statista spent five to six hours a day on their phones, not considering work-related smartphone use.&nbsp;</p>



<p>Mobile devices handle more than half of all searches worldwide. Additionally, page speed is becoming a factor in mobile search engine rankings. Companies and bloggers must opt for a website theme that has been developed and optimized for speed.</p>



<p>This means if your website is not mobile-friendly,&nbsp; you are missing more than half of your potential customers. It also implies that your website&#8217;s design and navigation must be consistent across all platforms and devices</p>



<p>This is where the ultimate responsive website design testing comes in. It ensures that your website displays correctly and functions smoothly on any computer, laptop, tablet, or smartphone. The most accessible approach to ensure that you execute responsive design testing successfully is to follow a responsive design testing checklist, and in this article, we have done the hard work for you. </p>



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets"><p class="toc_title">Table Of Contents</p><ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#What_Is_Responsive_Web_Design"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">1</span> What Is Responsive Web Design? </a></li><li><a href="#Ultimate_Checklist_For_Responsive_Design_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">2</span> Ultimate Checklist For Responsive Design Testing</a><ul><li><a href="#1_Test_For_Navigation_On_Website"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">2.1</span> 1. Test For Navigation On Website </a></li><li><a href="#2_Perform_Font_Device_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">2.2</span> 2. Perform Font Device Testing </a></li><li><a href="#3_Third-Party_Browser_and_Device_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">2.3</span> 3. Third-Party Browser and Device Testing </a></li><li><a href="#4_Conduct_a_Test_on_a_Small_Screen"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">2.4</span> 4. Conduct a Test on a Small Screen </a></li><li><a href="#5_Test_How_Fast_Your_Website_Is"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">2.5</span> 5. Test How Fast Your Website Is </a></li><li><a href="#6_Test_Element_Alignments"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">2.6</span> 6. Test Element Alignments</a></li><li><a href="#7_Test_For_Content_Placement"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">2.7</span> 7. Test For Content Placement</a></li><li><a href="#8_Perform_Compatibility_Testing_Across_Multiple_Browsers"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">2.8</span> 8. Perform Compatibility Testing Across Multiple Browsers</a></li><li><a href="#9_Test_For_Interactive_Experience"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">2.9</span> 9. Test For Interactive Experience </a></li><li><a href="#10_Test_the_Mobile_Compatibility_of_Website_Pop-ups"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">2.10</span> 10. Test the Mobile Compatibility of Website Pop-ups </a></li><li><a href="#11_Test_for_Better_Functionality"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">2.11</span> 11. Test for Better Functionality. </a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Tools_For_Responsive_Design_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">3</span> Tools For Responsive Design Testing</a></li><li><a href="#Conclusion"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">4</span> Conclusion </a></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-what-is-responsive-web-design"><span id="What_Is_Responsive_Web_Design"><strong>What Is Responsive Web Design? </strong></span></h2>



<p>Nowadays, people use various gadgets to access the internet and interact with websites. You can find these high-tech gadgets in multiple form factors and display sizes. Your site&#8217;s design and functionality must adapt to the screen size of every visitor accessing it.&nbsp;</p>



<p>Responsive web design helps your site display correctly on all screen sizes and resolutions. This layout method adjusts the content&#8217;s visibility, size, and position in response to the viewing device, ensuring optimal readability and viewing experience across all devices.&nbsp;Later, you may use a<a href="https://venngage.com/features/poster-maker" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow"> free poster maker</a> to create banners if you&#8217;re getting into traditional ads, but you should still follow your brand guidelines.</p>



<p>Conversely, your rivals are rolling out the red carpet for potential clients. Currently, smartphones are widely available, with 80 percent of internet users having one. Users in this demographic often devote 69% of their media consumption habits to their mobile devices. Without a mobile-friendly website, a company runs the danger of losing sales. Furthermore, about  57% of consumers said they wouldn&#8217;t suggest a firm with poorly designed websites also <a href="https://taggbox.com/blog/embed-youtube-shorts-on-website/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">embed YouTube shorts</a>, TikTok videos, and Instagram reels to make it more responsive to increase retention time. </p>



<p>This shows the value of responsive web design, and if you care about keeping your audience and your business alive, you should seriously consider investing in it.</p>



<h2 id="h-ultimate-checklist-for-responsive-design-testing"><span id="Ultimate_Checklist_For_Responsive_Design_Testing"><strong>Ultimate Checklist For Responsive Design Testing</strong></span></h2>



<p>A responsive design should already be live on your website if you&#8217;ve updated it or gotten a new one during the past several years. A website that adapts to different devices&#8217; screen sizes is now expected of users; hence most web design firms include responsive design in their primary offerings. However, optimizing your website for mobile devices isn&#8217;t a one-and-done deal.</p>



<p>Your website&#8217;s responsiveness should be tested with a responsive design checker and regularly updated per your responsive design testing checklist. </p>



<h3 id="1-test-for-navigation-on-website"><span id="1_Test_For_Navigation_On_Website"><strong>1. Test For Navigation On Website </strong></span></h3>



<p>Use a navigation bar to direct visitors to certain parts of your site or specific pages. There are usually five or more buttons on a navigation bar. The menu bar must evolve with the device. No matter how much we tried to make the navigation bar smaller using the @media queries meta tag, it still wouldn&#8217;t be clickable on a mobile device. So, we&#8217;ve found that the &#8220;hamburger menu&#8221; works well on mobile devices. Because of its widespread use, users will actively seek it out if they have no choice.&nbsp;</p>



<p>It should be standard practice to confirm that the navigation layouts work correctly across devices to ensure a positive user experience.</p>



<h3 id="2-perform-font-device-testing"><span id="2_Perform_Font_Device_Testing"><strong>2. Perform Font Device Testing </strong></span></h3>



<p>Developers will often employ a wide range of typefaces and design approaches while composing text for a website to make it more aesthetically pleasing to the users. Devices that do not support these fonts, or use a different encoding system, may display them as gibberish. It is, thus, vital to test the typefaces on various devices before releasing them for actual website <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/mobile-responsive-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">mobile responsive testing</a>. </p>



<h3 id="3-third-party-browser-and-device-testing"><span id="3_Third-Party_Browser_and_Device_Testing"><strong>3. Third-Party Browser and Device Testing </strong></span></h3>



<p>You should use Google Analytics data to examine online and mobile traffic, considering the browsers and devices used to access the sites. This should be done quarterly, with the latest OS and device and the old ones phased out. Consider including the beta versions to ensure your website is mobile-friendly.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 id="4-conduct-a-test-on-a-small-screen"><span id="4_Conduct_a_Test_on_a_Small_Screen"><strong>4. Conduct a Test on a Small Screen</strong> </span></h3>



<p>With the constantly growing number of mobile users, having a website that doesn&#8217;t adjust to any screen size is no longer acceptable. That&#8217;s why keeping the <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/mobile-first-design/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">mobile-first design</a> strategy in mind when creating a responsive layout is crucial. Mobile phones and other small display devices should be a starting point for your design.</p>



<h3 id="5-test-how-fast-your-website-is"><span id="5_Test_How_Fast_Your_Website_Is"><strong>5. Test How Fast Your Website Is</strong> </span></h3>



<p>You can track how well your components adapt to different screen sizes with responsive design. However, when considering mobile devices, which often operate on lower bandwidth, it becomes clear that rich content, such as photos, videos, etc., poses the greatest threat to the site&#8217;s loading speed. The loading time will grow proportionally if we keep using the same graphics we were producing on larger devices like laptops, which will frustrate your users.&nbsp;</p>



<p>A mobile web page should only take four seconds to load. After two seconds, if your loader is still spinning, users will likely hit the back button.&nbsp;</p>



<p>Web page load times can negatively affect even the most well-known companies. To paraphrase current findings from Hubspot&#8217;s research:</p>



<ul><li>Yahoo may see a boost of 9 percent in visitors if the company can shorten the time it takes pages to load by 0.4 seconds.&nbsp;</li><li>Amazon will lose $1.6 billion annually in sales should page load times increase by just one second.</li><li>A 2. the second delay in Bing&#8217;s search results would result in a 4.3% drop in revenue per visitor, a 3.75 % drop in clicks, and a 1.8% drop in queries.</li></ul>



<p>If your website loads slower than you&#8217;d like on these smaller devices, you may need to employ different strategies to present the same graphics.</p>



<h3 id="6-test-element-alignments"><span id="6_Test_Element_Alignments"><strong>6. Test Element Alignments</strong></span></h3>



<p>When working with limited space, element alignment becomes especially crucial. Everyone can readily identify a shape that is out of proportion and breaks the limits. The tester must verify that the website&#8217;s many parts are spaced adequately across the screen. Responsive web design will not be effective if it is not rendered and aligned correctly.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 id="7-test-for-content-placement"><span id="7_Test_For_Content_Placement"><strong>7. Test For Content Placement</strong></span></h3>



<p>The larger viewing area of a desktop or laptop computer makes it simple to zero in on a specific component. In addition, because of the viewer-to-screen distance, we can examine every detail. However, mobile devices are an exception to this rule. Because of the limited real estate screen on mobile devices, we must be mindful of condensing unnecessary information. See below for a representation of where your attention should be drawn on a mobile device&#8217;s display:</p>



<ul><li>Edges, Corners (Least Precise)&nbsp;</li><li>Center (Most Precise)&nbsp;</li></ul>



<p>Determine if the location of the critical elements is inside this area and if the elements are not overly crowded. You can use <a href="https://www.founderjar.com/web-based-project-management-software/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">web-based management software</a> to plan and manage your content placement.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 id="8-perform-compatibility-testing-across-multiple-browsers"><span id="8_Perform_Compatibility_Testing_Across_Multiple_Browsers"><strong>8. Perform <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/compatibility-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Compatibility Testing</a> Across Multiple Browsers</strong></span></h3>



<p>The first thing you should do when testing a website for responsive design is to use a different browser on the device to see if it displays correctly. When you perform <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/cross-browser-compatibility-testing-what-browsers-you-should-test/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">cross-browser compatibility testing</a>, your website may be viewed and explored in any browser, operating system, or resolution. Manual and automated <a href="https://testsigma.com/cross-browser-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">cross-browser testing</a> is under the broader umbrella, and both have several sub-paths. <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/remote-usability-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Remote Testing</a> of Websites provides additional details on the same topic. </p>



<p>Our knowledge tells us that <a href="https://testsigma.com/cross-browser-testing-tools" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">cross-browser testing tools</a> hosted in the cloud are among the most effective of their kind. Cloud-based solutions don&#8217;t require the installation of any testing infrastructure, can be accessed from anywhere, and are easy to learn and use.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 id="9-test-for-interactive-experience"><span id="9_Test_For_Interactive_Experience"><strong>9. Test For Interactive Experience </strong></span></h3>



<p>We&#8217;ve already established a wide range of screen sizes for mobile devices. There&#8217;s also the fact that the interactive experience has evolved since Steve Jobs unveiled the original iPhone. Some individuals today choose to use a stylus for a more consistent and accurate touch, while others prefer to use one hand exclusively for most interactions with the device. The primary goal of this responsive design testing checklist is to ensure a consistent user experience across devices and interaction types. </p>



<p>You shouldn&#8217;t be able to press two buttons simultaneously with one hand on the same button. The user interface should attempt to consolidate the available choices by providing several different models, etc. The user&#8217;s impression of our site depends on this, so our responsive design testing checklist must remain a top priority.</p>



<h3 id="10-test-the-mobile-compatibility-of-website-pop-ups"><span id="10_Test_the_Mobile_Compatibility_of_Website_Pop-ups"><strong>10. Test the Mobile Compatibility of Website Pop-ups</strong> </span></h3>



<p>Everybody is utilizing pop-ups because they are so effective at getting visitors to sign up for newsletters and buy products. However, you should be aware that website pop-up windows can be helpful and annoying. It can be highly irritating to site users and harmful to your site&#8217;s reputation with search engines if it is not presented correctly.&nbsp;</p>



<p>You should also check if the website&#8217;s pop-ups are responsive—all pop-ups, whether online or in a new window, are included. Pop-ups should also be responsive to their purpose on any device and pass a responsive design test.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 id="11-test-for-better-functionality"><span id="11_Test_for_Better_Functionality"><strong>11. Test for Better Functionality.</strong> </span></h3>



<p>Check that your menu bars don&#8217;t spill off the sides of the screen. On mobile devices, tap the hamburger menu icon to access the site&#8217;s hidden navigation. Verify that swiping is an option for the user.&nbsp;</p>



<h2 id="h-tools-for-responsive-design-testing"><span id="Tools_For_Responsive_Design_Testing"><strong>Tools For Responsive Design Testing</strong></span></h2>



<p>It would help if you had a thorough <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/software-testing-strategy/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">testing strategy</a> to ensure that your website works consistently across all platforms, browsers, and operating systems. Checking for user engagement, page loading, typefaces, graphics, navigations, alignments, etc., across several mobile devices would be a huge undertaking. Use a <a href="https://slidemodel.com/templates/tag/funnel/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">funnel template</a> to monitor and group audience interaction with the website.&nbsp;</p>



<p>However, several solutions on the market make it easy to check off every item on the responsive design testing checklist. For example, <a href="https://testsigma.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Testsigma</a> is a responsive cloud-based automation tool that provides website and mobile app testing to increase speed and improve performance. The tool has many notable features, including automated maintenance, debugging, and instant reporting. If you want to test how responsive your website is, this is a great place to start. Some of it&#8217;s features are;</p>



<ul><li><a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/test-plan/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Test planning</a>, development and execution for multiple projects </li><li>Multi-device testing of websites </li><li>Multiple <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/use-case-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">testing use cases </a></li><li>Reporting and analytics </li><li><a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/why-test-data-management-is-more-important-than-you-think/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Test data management</a> </li><li><a href="https://testsigma.com/ai-driven-test-automation" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">AI test automation  </a></li><li><a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/visual-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Visual testing </a></li></ul>



<p>Check Out &#8211; <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/cross-website-tracking/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Cross Website Tracking</a></p>



<p>Get here &#8211; the list of <a href="https://testsigma.com/tools/responsive-design-testing-tools/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Responsive Web Design Testing Tools</a></p>



<h2 id="h-conclusion"><span id="Conclusion"><strong>Conclusion </strong></span></h2>



<p>More than 8.5 billion mobile devices are currently in use worldwide; thus, your website must be optimized for mobile users. Every day, new gadgets, Operating systems, and browsers are released. However, testing a website&#8217;s responsive design is an ongoing process. Regular maintenance of the responsive design testing checklist is required.</p>



<p>To ensure your website is compatible with the latest devices and browsers, you should regularly update the list you test with. If you need inspiration for a new website and want to use responsive design, you can find examples of it all over the internet.&nbsp;</p>



<p>Remember, too, that testing for responsive design is a continuous effort, not a one-and-done task. Each day brings a slew of new gadgets, so we must keep at it.</p>


The Ultimate Responsive Website Design Testing Checklist

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<p><span data-offset-key="dhb19-0-0">When you build a web application, it must work well across various OS platforms and browsers. In simple terms, verifying the web application&#8217;s performance and compatibility is necessary. In recent trends,  automation testing is a top-notch framework that automates the effort of manual testing. Selenium is one such tool that fits well in this scenario. In this blog post, let&#8217;s understand how to perform cross browser testing using Selenium WebDriver.</span></p>



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets"><p class="toc_title">Table Of Contents</p><ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#Overview_of_Cross_Browser_Testing_using_Selenium"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">1</span> Overview of Cross Browser Testing using Selenium</a></li><li><a href="#Cross_Browser_Testing_using_Selenium"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">2</span> Cross Browser Testing using Selenium</a></li><li><a href="#How_to_Perform_Cross_Browser_Testing_using_Selenium"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">3</span> How to Perform Cross Browser Testing using Selenium?</a><ul><li><ul><li><a href="#Requirements"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_3">3.0.1</span> Requirements:</a></li><li><a href="#Flow"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_3">3.0.2</span> Flow:</a></li><li><a href="#Code"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_3">3.0.3</span> Code:</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Best_Practices_to_do_Cross_Browser_Testing_in_Selenium"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">4</span> Best Practices to do Cross Browser Testing in Selenium</a></li><li><a href="#Testsigma_to_the_Rescue"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">5</span> Testsigma to the Rescue</a></li><li><a href="#Cross_Browser_Testing_in_Selenium_8211_How_Testsigma_can_help"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">6</span> Cross Browser Testing in Selenium &#8211; How Testsigma can help?</a></li><li><a href="#Conclusion"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">7</span> Conclusion</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">8</span> Frequently Asked Questions</a><ul><li><a href="#How_do_you_test_cross-browser_compatibility_using_Selenium"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">8.1</span> How do you test cross-browser compatibility using Selenium?</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="73jp0"><span id="Overview_of_Cross_Browser_Testing_using_Selenium"><strong>Overview of Cross Browser Testing using Selenium</strong></span></h2>



<p>It&#8217;s not fair to ask users to access your application with a specific browser. To reach out to the maximum number of users, you need to cater to all the devices and platforms they use. Since there are various web browsers in the market, the choice of usage should be left to the user. Different users use different browsers based on their comfort. It’s the job of the test engineer to ensure that the application works well on all the widely used browsers. This urges the need for testing the application code on different platforms. This is where <a href="https://testsigma.com/cross-browser-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">cross browser testing</a> comes into the picture, the type of testing which verifies that a website works accurately in all browsers<strong>. </strong></p>



<p>The main goal is to verify that the website you’re developing runs perfectly on all targeted browsers and operating systems. Testers can either run manual tests or use automated tools like Selenium WebDriver. It helps save you time, as you need not reinstall your browsers multiple times.</p>



<h2 id="9o12o"><span id="Cross_Browser_Testing_using_Selenium"><strong>Cross Browser Testing using Selenium</strong></span></h2>



<p>As mentioned earlier, Selenium is the most popular automated testing tool for various functions. Browser testing is one of the many features supported by Selenium.</p>



<ol type="1"><li>Selenium WebDriver enables you to automate test cases on Internet Explorer, Firefox, Chrome, and Safari browsers.</li><li>You can integrate the TestNG framework with Selenium WebDriver to run your test cases on different browsers.</li><li>You can analyze performance for cross-browser compatibility.</li></ol>



<p>Read on <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/selenium-based-automated-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Selenium Based Automation Testing</a> to gain deeper insights into the various components of Selenium.</p>



<p>Next, let’s see how to perform cross browser testing using Selenium.</p>



<h2 id="a85to"><span id="How_to_Perform_Cross_Browser_Testing_using_Selenium"><strong>How to Perform Cross Browser Testing using Selenium?</strong></span></h2>



<p>Let’s write a simple code to understand how it works.</p>



<h4 id="5v555"><span id="Requirements"><strong>Requirements:</strong></span></h4>



<ol type="1"><li>Java Installation</li><li>Integrated Development Environment (IDE) installed. In this case, let’s use Eclipse IDE</li><li><a href="https://www.selenium.dev/downloads/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Selenium Server</a> Configuration</li><li>TestNG integration</li><li>Browser Drivers for Chrome, Firefox, Edge, etc.</li></ol>



<h4 id="e0jm7"><span id="Flow"><strong>Flow:</strong></span></h4>



<p>In the below program, let’s log in to the <a href="https://testsigma.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Testsigma</a> website.</p>



<p>The task here is to check for cross-browser compatibility on 3 different browsers. They are Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and Microsoft Edge. To do this, let’s set the system properties for all the 3 browsers as shown below. Finally, using locators allows you to perform actions on the website.</p>



<h4 id="1tr63"><span id="Code">Code:</span></h4>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>package test;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.edge.EdgeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;</code></pre>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>public class TestScript {
WebDriver driver;

@BeforeTest
@Parameters("browser")
public void create(String browser) throws Exception{
//Checking for 'firefox' parameters
if(browser.equalsIgnoreCase("firefox")){
//creating firefox instance
System.setProperty("Add the path to the firefox/gecko driver");
driver = new FirefoxDriver();
}
//Checking for 'chrome' parameters
else if(browser.equalsIgnoreCase("chrome")){
//Creating chrome instance
System.setProperty("Add the path to chrome driver");
driver = new ChromeDriver();
}
else if(browser.equalsIgnoreCase("Edge")){
//Creating edge instance
System.setProperty("Add the path to edge driver”);
driver = new EdgeDriver();
}
else{
//If the browser is not passed then throw the below exception
throw new Exception("Invalid browser");
}
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
@Test
public void testParameterWithXML() throws InterruptedException{</code></pre>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>driver.get("https://www.testsigma.com");
WebElement Signin = driver.findElement(By.linkText("Login"));
//Hit login button
Signin.click();
Thread.sleep(4000);
WebElement uname = driver.findElement(By.id("loginUsername"));
//Fill user name
uname.sendKeys("your email id");
Thread.sleep(4000);
WebElement pwd = driver.findElement(By.name("password"));
//Fill password
pwd.sendKeys("your password");
Thread.sleep(6000); 
WebElement  = driver.findElement(By.linkText("SIGN IN));
//Hit search button
Next.click();
}</code></pre>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>@AfterTest
public void quit(){
driver.close();
}
}</code></pre>



<p>To execute the above test script, you need a TestNG XML file that contains the dependencies of the above class file. In this case, I have created an XML file to reference the above parameters.</p>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?&gt;
&lt;!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd"&gt;
&lt;suite name="TestSuite" thread-count="2" parallel="tests" &gt;
&lt;test name="ChromeBrowser_Test"&gt;
&lt;parameter name="browser" value="Chrome"/&gt;
&lt;classes&gt;
&lt;class name="test.TestScript"&gt;
&lt;/class&gt;
&lt;/classes&gt;
&lt;/test&gt;
&lt;test name="FirefoxBrowser_Test"&gt;
&lt;parameter name="browser" value="Firefox" /&gt;
&lt;classes&gt;
&lt;class name="test.TestScript"&gt;
&lt;/class&gt;
&lt;/classes&gt;
&lt;/test&gt;
&lt;test name="EdgeBrowser_Test"&gt;
&lt;parameter name="browser" value="Edge" /&gt;
&lt;classes&gt;
&lt;class name="test.TestScript"&gt;
&lt;/class&gt;
&lt;/classes&gt;
&lt;/test&gt;
&lt;/suite&gt;</code></pre>



<p>On executing this code as TestNG Test, browser drivers will instantiate the respective browsers and perform the login action on the Testsigma website.</p>



<p>This is how it works. Now let us understand how Testsigma eases the process of writing automated test code.</p>



<h2 id="best-practices-to-do-cross-browser-testing-in-selenium"><span id="Best_Practices_to_do_Cross_Browser_Testing_in_Selenium"><strong>Best Practices to do Cross Browser Testing in Selenium</strong></span></h2>



<p>Here are some recommended best practices to follow when conducting cross-browser testing with Selenium:</p>



<ol><li>Be careful when selecting libraries and frameworks: The most recent CSS or JS frameworks might not be compatible with all browsers. This is important to remember while creating web apps because browsers have various rendering engines. Before using these libraries or frameworks, check browser recommendations to discover if they support them.</li><li>Employ relevant JavaScript libraries and task runners: Because JavaScript is a crucial component of web app development, it is critical to employ the appropriate JavaScript resources that fulfill site needs and provide consistent browser compatibility.</li><li>Identify and analyze your browser&#8217;s OS configuration: To do effective cross-browser testing with Selenium, you must know the required browser versions and operating systems. We recommend prioritizing combinations likely to be used by the largest segments of your audience.</li><li>Optimized for Internet Explorer: Internet Explorer does not support advanced CSS styles and frameworks, which can distort design elements. To solve this problem, create a separate style sheet for IE and add some hacks to the doctype.&nbsp;</li></ol>



<p>By following these best practices, testers can ensure that their web application behaves consistently across different browsers and operating systems.&nbsp;</p>



<h2 id="6hnb2"><span id="Testsigma_to_the_Rescue"><strong>Testsigma to the Rescue</strong></span></h2>



<p>Modern teams need automation testing to build and deploy bug free applications efficiently. Achieving test automation is complicated due to multiple framework setups, complex coding, etc.</p>



<p>Testsigma, a unified test automation platform on a cloud, simplifies and accelerates automation testing for web applications, mobile applications, and APIs. With Testsigma, test engineers, QA team, and business users can create, run and maintain automated tests easily. Simply put, anyone can test high-quality software with <strong>zero coding skills</strong>.</p>



<p>Using simple English commands powered by NLP (Natural Language Processing) engine, you can write tests in minutes. With NLP and Integrated <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/api-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">API testing</a> capabilities, teams can achieve in-sprint test automation with minimum effort. With Testsigma, maintaining different servers, operating systems, and mobile devices is no longer a problem.</p>



<p>It comes in two versions. One is free for a lifetime and meant for basic apps. The second one is the pro version which is free for 21 days and later charges a monthly fee.</p>



<h2 id="9a1de"><span id="Cross_Browser_Testing_in_Selenium_8211_How_Testsigma_can_help"><strong>Cross Browser Testing in Selenium &#8211; How Testsigma can help?</strong></span></h2>



<p>One can run tests in parallel on different operating systems, browsers, and browser versions. Testsigma offers more than <strong>200 Android</strong> and <strong>iOS </strong>operating systems to run tests. This is how the platform replaces the effort of coding with simple English instructions and built-in functionality.</p>



<p>Since Testsigma offers over 200 operating systems and browsers, you can perform <a href="https://testsigma.com/automated-cross-browser-testing-tool" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Automated cross-browser testing</a> with just a few clicks. This reduces time consumption and increases performance.</p>



<p>Why wait? <a href="https://testsigma.com/signup" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Sign up</a> for a trial version of Testsigma and kickstart your Cross-Browser automation journey.</p>



<div class="cta-banner-v2">
<div class="title-with-description ">
<p class="title">Automate your cross-browser tests, 10x faster, with Testsigma</p>
</div>
<a href="https://testsigma.com/signup" target="_blank" class="cta-btn-v1" rel="noopener">Try for free now</a>
</div>



<h2 id="conclusion"><span id="Conclusion"><strong>Conclusion</strong></span></h2>



<p>Cross browser testing lets you check for website compatibility. Selenium is one such automated testing tool, which serves this purpose. It’s up to the developers to deliver an end-user experience that’s consistently delightful across a multitude of browsers and devices.</p>



<p>Testsigma is a fully-managed test automation platform that includes all the core features of the open-source platform, without any infra-requirements. It offers enhanced security, extensive test lab, project and review management, powerful reporting capabilities, etc. Organizations can therefore consider using Testsigma to have a hassle-free and extensive testing process, especially as a <a href="https://testsigma.com/cross-browser-testing-tools" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">cross browser testing tool</a>.</p>



<p>Thus, this brings us to the end of our post on Cross Browser Testing using Selenium WebDriver. If you have any questions or suggestions, drop them in the comment section below.</p>



<p></p>



<h2 id="frequently-asked-questions"><span id="Frequently_Asked_Questions"><strong>Frequently Asked Questions</strong></span></h2>



<h3 id="how-do-you-test-cross-browser-compatibility-using-selenium"><span id="How_do_you_test_cross-browser_compatibility_using_Selenium">How do you test cross-browser compatibility using Selenium?</span></h3>



<p>To test cross-browser compatibility with Selenium, you must write a test script using Selenium WebDriver, which supports multiple browsers. You can write test cases for each browser individually or use a testing framework such as TestNG to run tests on multiple browsers simultaneously. It&#8217;s crucial to ensure that your application&#8217;s functionality and user interface are consistent across all tested browsers and their versions. You can also use Selenium Grid to run your tests in parallel on multiple machines to speed up your tests. The best option would be going for an end-to-end automation platform like Testsigma.</p>


Cross Browser Testing using Selenium WebDriver

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