<a href="https://www.marketquest.biz/report/88124/global-automation-testing-market-2021-by-company-regions-type-and-application-forecast-to-2026" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">MarketQuest</a> (2021) predicts automation testing to grow at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 9.8% for the next five years. Globally, organizations across banking, retail, automotive, healthcare, etc., amongst others will embark on automation. 



That brings us to the crux of our conversation — codeless test automation. What is it, and why do we need it? In the past, it was always important for testers to learn to code and keep updating their skills for performing automation tests. 



In all honesty, it wasn&#8217;t always practical or simple, but with codeless test automation &#8211; test automation that does not require learning to code &#8211; testers can now focus on what&#8217;s crucial: shipping efficient products. Also, teams with agile or DevOps culture are more collaborative, and testing isn&#8217;t a tester&#8217;s responsibility alone; developers, product managers, testers work together in ensuring a high-quality product. 



For such a work environment, codeless automation testing is of great value. Before we explore codeless automation testing in detail, we recommend reading: <a aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)" href="https://testsigma.com/blog/software-testing-trends-2021-what-can-we-expect/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Software Testing Trends </a>



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#Advantages_of_Codeless_Test_Automation">1 Advantages of Codeless Test Automation</a></li><li><a href="#Additional_Advantages_of_Using_Tools_for_Codeless_Test_Automation">2 Additional Advantages of Using Tools for Codeless Test Automation</a></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="advantages-of-codeless-test-automation">Advantages of Codeless Test Automation</h2>



If you&#8217;ve been wondering whether to make that shift to a codeless test automation tool, allow us to dig deeper and explain their advantages.&nbsp; 



Time-saving: Primary and yet the best advantage of using codeless automation testing is it is time-saving. As testers don&#8217;t have to spend their time coding or <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/automated-functional-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">learning</a> to code — you can start with codeless testing from day one.



Speed: One of the best advantages of moving to codeless automation testing is the speed at which you can manage your development pace. Codeless automation testing, by default, offers a user-friendly interface that lets testers learn it quickly. 



Since there is no need to write any piece of code — testers can write test cases that are often aided by AI, therefore enhancing both performance and the speed of testing.



For instance, <a aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)" href="https://testsigma.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Testsigma</a> — a codeless automation testing tool lets you write automated tests at 5x speed. All you&#8217;ve got to do is write tests in simple English. Another tool, <a href="https://www.perfecto.io/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Perfecto</a>, supports parallel test execution, and you can run several tests in multiple environments. 



Almost all codeless test automation tools offer parallel test execution, which significantly reduces time and effort because you can perform multiple tests in multiple environments.



Simple to <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/ux-testing-ux-lessons-learned-from-my-real-life-experiences-part-1/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">learn: Codeless automation testing</a> is user-friendly. What we mean is, you can start automating your projects right from the day you sign up for the tool. Testers can take a quick product tour, configure, and start testing. 



High-quality: Codeless test automation enables faster feedback cycles and faster time to market as it reduces the software development time. Since you&#8217;ll execute tests at a rapid pace in a highly controlled environment, you&#8217;re more in control when it comes to efficiency. 



That said, faster feedback will always lead to fewer bugs or errors — so, you&#8217;re shipping high-quality apps or websites.&nbsp;



Also Know: <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/why-test-automation-tools-are-important-for-new-work-style/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Importance of test automation tools</a><gwmw style="display:none;"><gwmw style="display:none;"></gwmw></gwmw>



<h2 id="additional-advantages-of-using-tools-for-codeless-test-automation">Additional Advantages of Using Tools for Codeless Test Automation</h2>



Most codeless automation testing tools come with features such as AI, scalability, amongst a few others that give these tools an extra edge. Let’s take a look at some of the best advantages of using codeless test automation tools.



CI/CD Integrations fit like a glove: For teams with agile and DevOps culture — codeless automation testing tools are of major advantage. You can expedite testing and plan your product launches faster. CI/CD integration ensures all the changes or updates are regularly made.



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-AwYt8Yqw5-PsVs_qj14EvXa_nzfk8K-Ui74WRmexBkDUYyqGBURZ-NEGunWP6vmVi_cbF2uywhVd9C3QKdj5THvQeeHPD-_zb8pfQZMoCWrHQZILwfbdk0VcuNZpQjirxq5mHE4" alt="Advantages of Codeless Test Automation Tools"/></figure>







Plus, if there are any bugs, they can be caught in earlier stages. Tools like <a aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)" href="https://testsigma.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Testsigma</a>, <a href="https://www.leapwork.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Leapwork</a>, <a href="https://www.ranorex.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Ranorex Studio</a> offer CI/CD integrations with tools such as Bamboo, Jenkin, CircleCI, etc.



Scalability is a pro-point: If you ask any tester out there, they&#8217;ll tell you how taxing it is to upgrade a traditional automation testing tool. For instance, if you were to upgrade or maintain the Selenium grids, it&#8217;s not only expensive but also less efficient. Besides, it&#8217;s not scalable. 



However, most codeless automation testing tools are cloud-based. They&#8217;re quite scalable, and you can scale a cloud up or down based on your project requirement. 



Larger automation scope: With codeless automation testing, the automation scope is high. Codeless <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/can-ai-driven-test-automation-enhance-test-automation/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">automation testing</a> tools are designed to test multiple apps from the same platform.



 For instance, you can perform tests on mobile apps (iOS, Android, native, and hybrid), desktop apps, web apps, virtual apps, etc., simultaneously.&nbsp; 







As we test various interfaces within these apps, we can increase the scope of test automation from one app to multiple apps based on our requirements. Apart from scaling the testing process, you can evaluate risk areas with a codeless testing platform and test them thoroughly.



Fewer efforts on regression testing: Regression testing is time-consuming, and it&#8217;s best to automate it. As per <a rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)" href="https://theqalead.com/topics/2020-software-testing-trends-qa-technologies-data-statistics/" target="_blank">QA Lead</a>, around 78% of organizations globally automate their regression testing. 



Since regression testing is monotonous and repetitive, QA engineers can significantly decrease their efforts and focus on other aspects of testing such as exploratory or acceptance testing. 



Codeless automation testing tools like <a rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)" href="https://testsigma.com/" target="_blank">Testsigma</a> and <a rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)" href="https://www.leapwork.com/" target="_blank">Leapwork</a> enable you to write regression tests in plain English. Besides, you can run regression tests parallelly with other tests or even schedule them based on your project priority. 



To know more about how to automate regression testing effectively, read this <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/how-to-best-automate-regression-testing-effectively/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)">article</a>. 



AI saves the day: Codeless automation testing tools come integrated with AI or ML. As per <a rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)" href="https://testsigma.com/blog/software-testing-trends-2021-what-can-we-expect/" target="_blank">Software testing trends</a> for 2021, at least 38% of global organizations have introduced AI or ML in their testing efforts. The growth is staggeringly high because AI or ML combines human intelligence and computer intelligence to accelerate development, reduce errors, and automatically handle processes. 



<a href="https://www.mabl.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Mabl</a> — a codeless testing tool is powered by AI, which helps auto-heal; it quickly identifies even the most minute changes. With this tool, you can test modern frameworks like VueJs, React, and Angular too.&nbsp;







<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/XCKkjmaSKXQehyqjuu6_TdJ9klPzYNnhHJlQnMiUAtNREMBSQdpbPmEka7C9-fknIhe82cC9ii4Gd41nHuFsEjerDvegedC0ZU392Wf6C6JIzJAuyBlaPzmlewCldERXwr9yDBxD" alt="Mabl"/></figure>



In <a rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)" href="https://testsigma.com/" target="_blank">Testsigma</a>, AI manages 70% of test cases and gets rid of flakiness after every update or build. You&#8217;re building efficient products — just the way you planned. 



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Real-time reports &amp; analytics: A thumb rule when picking a codeless automation testing tool is to go for one that offers customizable reports and analytics dashboard. From tracking the progress and performance of your test suites to monitoring team progress — these dashboards come in handy. Discovering bugs or false negatives is also possible with reports and analytics dashboards. 



Besides, most tools suggest <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/working-from-home-tips-and-tricks-for-the-testing-community/">tips on improving productivity </a>or test case scenarios, which are quite beneficial. Most of these tools come with a superior bug management system. Every time they spot flakiness, bugs, or error patterns, they&#8217;ll notify the teams so you can fix them pronto.&nbsp; 



Built-in Integrations: Most codeless automation testing tools come with built-in integrations that make life easier. Equipped with test management tools, project templates, communications, test-case libraries, object repositories, etc., — a lot can be performed from one platform. No additional set-ups or configurations are required.&nbsp; 



Test reusability: A sustainable form of testing includes test reusability. It&#8217;s cost-effective, time-saving, and a sensible way forward. Most codeless testing tools support reusing test steps across projects; in fact, they support reusing test steps within various versions of operating systems too. 



These tools are generally intelligent enough to prioritize test case reusability and suggest or automatically manage and update test cases to reduce manual efforts. Some common steps or test cases can be increased into the test flows later, making it a flexible process. 



It all happens on the cloud: Cloud-based tools are the future, and if you&#8217;re not shifting to them, you&#8217;re not fully embracing digital transformation. Most codeless automation testing tools are cloud-based, due to to which your maintenance costs are cheap — no need to maintain and upgrade physical tools or systems. 



A cloud is secure and scalable — you&#8217;re more in control as you get to decide what and how much to use. If your project requirement has changed, you can scale up or down based on that requirement. You pay for what you use. Cloud is also up and running 24*7, and remote teams can access it from anywhere, any time. 



Some cloud-based automation testing tools come with real devices that you can start testing on. You can fetch real-time reports and get a fair idea of how your end users may interact with your product.&nbsp; 



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/dyPu782zDMjcN1GeEVSvMCtZjlKSoU2R7kz523bPexenLMl4rbh3PaDgbuucZAGe7_BjvFQckOxciXNkHhxjAhDLUHuJJu2wD7fIomWAFntGdukik5_f4jz4QKvJxiiAMoK5xRMX" alt="Testsigma"/></figure>



Those are some of the best benefits a codeless automation testing tool can offer. If you are looking for one, we recommend checking out Testsigma. Our automation testing tool comes with thousands of real-time devices with various browsers and OS combinations in its cloud. 



Offering end-to-end testing solutions, Testsigma follows shift-left and supports data-driven testing. In addition, we offer a fully loaded test lab for you to manage your test executions better, and if you&#8217;re keen on plugging in your devices for testing, you can do that too.&nbsp; 



Don&#8217;t just take our word for it, though — try it out yourself. Testsigma is giving away a 21-day free trial. Sign up <a href="https://testsigma.com/signup" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)">here</a>.

Advantages of using codeless test automation tool An exhaustive list

Benefits of Codeless Test Automation Tools – An Exhaustive list

How to speed up your software releases cycles with Testsigma

Software Release Life Cycle – How to Speed Up With Testsigma

Geolocation Testing: Test Website from Different Locations

<a href="https://adevait.com/blog/remote-work/adopting-agile-the-latest-reports-about-the-popular-mindset" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Most software development organizations now follow agile scrum methodology.</a> In most cases, they divide their work in sprints &#8211; a repeatable fixed time-box during which all tasks for a deliverable are planned and executed. After each sprint, the target is to complete as many planned tasks as possible and come up with a deliverable.  



A user story is the smallest unit of work in an agile framework. A user story is further divided into tasks to be taken up in a sprint. A recommended approach for considering a user story complete is when the corresponding feature that was being developed, is tested and automated too. 



When all of these activities for a story are planned for a sprint, the test automation comes to be known as ‘insprint test automation’.



As is obvious, the basic need for successful implementation of in-sprint test automation is speed. So, you also need to look for an appropriate tool that will help you achieve it. When looking for a tool for insprint test automation, you need to make sure that most of the features in your tool let you achieve your <a rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)" href="https://testsigma.com/automated-testing" target="_blank">test automation</a> results quickly and efficiently.



Ability to create test cases quickly: When test automation is implemented, the activity where a majority of the time is spent in test case creation or automation of test cases. Hence, the most crucial feature to look for is &#8211; how your tool enables you in speedy test case creation. 



The best way to ascertain this is to give a tool a try and automate a few end-to-end test cases or the type of test cases that you need to automate. This will help you to ascertain the usability of the tool and its compatibility with your team members. If you have a team that is trained in some tool already, then you might want to choose that same tool. In case, you are building a team from scratch and you want a tool that does not require much training, then you should go for a tool that lets you and your team create test cases easily.



Support for speedy test execution: There is no point in having a good number of automated test cases that take a lot of time to execute. If infrastructure is a bottleneck then your focus should be on executing high-priority test cases first and then the other ones later. 



But if the infrastructure is not an issue then you should use a tool (for insprint test automation) that can offer you speedy test execution as a feature. A couple of&nbsp; features that can help you there are &#8211;&nbsp; schedule test runs, parallel test execution, and good infrastructure (that is where cloud-based tools help),&nbsp;



Support for shift test:&nbsp; Shift left means that you are able to start automation of test cases even before development is completed. For insprint test automation, this is a blessing because it means testers can automate the test cases while developers work on development. It helps meet the goals of insprint test automation better.&nbsp;



Support for quick reviews: Quality is not just the responsibility of a tester. But, it is the responsibility of the whole team. So, it makes sense to get all the automated test cases reviewed by the team or stakeholders. 



This ensures that the automated test cases cover all important requirements and are created to satisfy all testing needs. When more perspectives are involved, it also means more thorough testing.&nbsp;



Thus, having a tool that allows other team members (even non-technical ones if possible) to review the test cases and provide them input will prove beneficial.



Easy and swift test case maintenance: The need for maintenance of already automated test cases comes up when features/functionalities in your application change. And that is why the second-most time-taking activity during test automation is test maintenance.&nbsp;



Thus, to meet the requirement of insprint test automation, it is essential to choose a tool that comes with features that make test maintenance easy.



Some features that you should be looking for easy maintenance are:



1. Self-heal: Certain tools come with features to automatically heal your test cases in case of minor changes in your application, like in XPath of elements. This feature certainly can help you to save a great amount of time.



2. Easy readability: Of course, the test cases will be easy to maintain for anyone if they are easy to read too. Here, it’s important to follow certain standard practices for test case creation to enhance readability. Focusing on this feature, certain tools are available that let you automate test cases in simple English for example, our own tool Testsigma. When test cases are written in simple English they give your test case readability a real boost.



3. Easy to understand for new team members: If you choose a tool that also has a big <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/automated-functional-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">learning</a> curve, then it might not be easy to understand for new team members. In such cases, you can choose to hire people who are already trained in the tools you use or you can choose to use a tool that has a low learning curve.



4. Easily editable: This is more to do with the UI, when you are working on a test case for maintenance, the major work is done during editing it. So, the IDE in use for test case creation should be easy to use and navigate for editing.



5. Easy and Quick to debug: Easy maintenance is only possible if the test cases are easy to debug. Some IDEs support step-by-step debugging while some others let you take screenshots/video recordings of the failures. If your application is majorly UI-based then having a video recording available for failures would be a good feature to have.



 Good Support team or a good, supportive, responsive community: Having dealt with test creation and maintenance, the next feature your tool needs is a good support team or a good, supportive, responsive community. Think about it, what if you are in the process of automating a test case, all set to meet your sprint deadlines and suddenly you see your test case failing without any understandable reason. 



You go to the support of your tool or its community and ask a question. But then you don’t get an immediate response. You wait till the end of the sprint but you don’t get a solution and the sprint ends without marking the story complete. 



That means you were not able to meet your insprint test automation targets too. Thus, a good support team can be the deciding factor for the success of your insprint test automation. Of course, after you have taken care of the aspects of test case creation and maintenance on time.



 Easy integration with different tools that you already use: Software development teams can end up using a variety of tools to achieve success in the highly competitive markets today. It also means that there could be multiple tools being used for multiple tasks that are performed during the SDLC. 



Insprint test automation is usually implemented by teams that would have already implemented CI/CD and bug reporting tools. Thus, the support of integrating your tool into all these tools can make a big difference in the ease of achieving the results of insprint test automation. 



Thus, when you go about choosing a tool to implement insprint test automation, do check out the tools that can be easily integrated with it.



Easy and Quick to Track: Sometimes while you are making changes, some bad commits go into your test automation code too.So, a tool that comes with a feature for tracking these changes would also make it easy to rectify any errors on time and would help achieve insprint test automation better. Another important feature for good tracking is good reporting, so you need a tool that will provide you with useful reports on time.&nbsp;



Support for future enhancements: The world of technology is fast-paced, and new technologies and techniques are introduced frequently.If by any chance, you decide to update any of the technology stacks you use for development, you should be sure that your test automation tool of choice would support it. An obvious need to be ready for the future isn’t it?



Easy and Quick to set up: This might not be directly related to insprint test automation, but quick setup does let you save time and Start other activities sooner. This is one aspect that you can look at while choosing a tool for test automation. 



<h2 id="in-sprint-test-automation-with-testsigma">In-sprint test automation with Testsigma</h2>



<a href="https://testsigma.com" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)">Testsigma, a cloud-based test automation platform for web and mobile apps</a> is specifically designed to help you achieve insprint test automation with ease.&nbsp;



Some Testsigma features that help you are:



1. Test case creation is done in simple English2. Parallel test execution that can be scheduled. Supports integration with multiple cloud device labs with thousands of real devices and browsers for exhaustive cross-browser testing.3. Cloud that can be scaled up and down according to your testing needs.4. Supports Shift left5. Features for easy maintenance like self-heal and reporting affected resources before they make your test cases fail.6. Support review and collaboration with the complete team7. Very Easy to Learn8. Supports integration with most of CI/CD and bug reporting tools9. Highly customizable reporting10. 24&#215;7 support team11. Platform agnostic &#8211; lets you automate for web, iOS, and Android from the same place.12. Cloud-based, hence you need to just signup and start automating.



Very affordable. You can check the pricing here: <a href="https://testsigma.com/pricing">https://testsigma.com/pricing</a>



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Insprint Test Automation what features should your automation tool have

Insprint Test Automation – what features should your automation tool have?

It’s very common to have a handful of issues when deploying a software change to production because you are replacing a working version of your software or application with the one having the desired changes. Your testing team might have thoroughly tested the new version of the software, but still, the doubt of whether it will work as intended or not is always there.



So, let’s peek into some of the worthy methods that you can incorporate to reduce the risk of missing bugs before deploying to production.



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#Automating_as_much_as_you_can">1 Automating as much as you can</a></li><li><a href="#Deploying_the_same_way_all_the_time">2 Deploying the same way all the time</a></li><li><a href="#Deploying_in_small_batches">3 Deploying in small batches</a></li><li><a href="#Setting_a_clear_protocol_for_deploying_to_production">4 Setting a clear protocol for deploying to production</a></li><li><a href="#Controlling_the_impact_of_testing_on_users">5 Controlling the impact of testing on users</a></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-automating-as-much-as-you-can">Automating as much as you can</h2>



It is always better to keep the mundane repeatable tasks for computers as they are better at dealing with them as compared to humans. With automation, you need not worry about missing any steps while deploying a change, such as creating a folder or giving permissions to some of the files.&nbsp;



All you have to do is, invest some hours in creating a script and just run the script again when you want to deploy a change. With a range of automation tools at your disposal, such as <a href="https://testsigma.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)">Testsigma</a>, <a href="https://www.jenkins.io/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label="Jenkins (opens in a new tab)">Jenkins</a>, <a href="https://www.terraform.io/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label="Terraform (opens in a new tab)">Terraform</a>, etc., you can have all your scripts in version control, which keeps everyone updated regarding the change, when it was applied, and the reason why it changed in both deployment and infrastructure pipelines.



With automation, deployments become a seamless, smooth affair where you can easily move forward and backwards without any hassles. Deploying and reverting a deployment becomes as easy as clicking a button and can be done even by non-technical people.&nbsp;



<h2 id="h-deploying-the-same-way-all-the-time">Deploying the same way all the time</h2>



If you want to avoid any unfavourable surprises in the real environment, you need to deploy the same way all the time. In order to achieve this, you need testing environments similar to production. 



This does not mean that you need the same data everywhere as it can be expensive and associated with several security-related risks.&nbsp; It simply means that your configuration in <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/test-environment/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">testing environments </a>should replicate the production environment in every possible way.



Also, this method proves to be cost-effective because, during deployment, surprises are kept to a minimum and thus reduces the risk of leaving out bugs in production too.



<h2 id="h-deploying-in-small-batches">Deploying in small batches</h2>



Deploying in small batches reduces the time to get feedback on the changes and makes it easy to mitigate the key issues on time. But the thing which is of top concern is how small should your deployment batches be, and what should be the frequency of deploying them. 



The solution is &#8211; You should treat deployment like coding. Do not wait for it to be complete. &nbsp;As soon as you have something which is ready to be deployed, do it.



By increasing the number of times you deploy, you can accelerate the feedback process. When you keep deploying the changes frequently, you don’t have to wait until you have a lot of changes to deploy. As a result, it will be easier to find or locate what’s wrong and will help reduce the risk of <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/a-testers-guide-to-deal-with-missed-bugs/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">missing bugs</a> in production.



<h2 id="h-setting-a-clear-protocol-for-deploying-to-production">Setting a clear protocol for deploying to production</h2>



Before you begin deployment, you must know answers to some of the key questions such as are all the features complete and functional as expected, are you rolling out the features all at once or in pieces, do users need to manually update the software or make any change from their side.



It is crucial to set a clear protocol for deploying to production in order to reduce the risk. The deployment protocol should include –&nbsp;



<ul class="list_style_disc"><li>&nbsp;Ensuring that features’ definition of done is met</li><li>The feature works according to the documentation</li><li>All feature functionalities should have been thoroughly tested. If some part needs manual testing then that should be done before deployment.</li></ul>



In addition to these, it should include every other check that your code should pass through before it is considered safe to be deployed to production. The protocol helps ensure that only the working code and complete features are getting deployed to production and bugs are being kept to a minimum.



<h2 id="h-controlling-the-impact-of-testing-on-users">Controlling the impact of testing on users</h2>



Users are the lifeblood of organizations, especially SaaS-based products. So, their experience should be the topmost concern for organizations. The testing that you do in production should not break the production environment.



Here are a few ways to control the impact of testing on users –



<ul><li>Using <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/canary-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Canary testing</a>, which includes introducing a small amount of code change and see if it is working as expected</li><li>Controlled test flights to visualize how users interact with the changes made in the UI</li><li>Synthetic users for capturing metrics that give an idea of what the real users would experience while executing specific actions in your product without any need for the real users to go through those user paths</li><li>Scheduled maintenance window – Before conducting load tests on the production system, you can notify the users that the system would be down for some time. This way, users will be able to plan their tasks and can avoid a bad experience.</li></ul>



Without users, there is no usage, no business, and no revenue. Hence it is crucial to properly control the impact of testing on users. By now, you might be aware of the risks involved in the deployment process. It is crucial to deploy new code to fix the issues and introduce new features to keep your customers happy and hooked to your product. By following the guidelines mentioned above, you can significantly avoid the most common risks involved in the deployment.



Testsigma, a comprehensive, cloud-based, <a href="https://testsigma.com/ai-driven-test-automation" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">AI-driven test automation tool</a>, allows organizations to implement continuous deployment in DevOps.&nbsp; Every code commit can pass through the automated testing phase and then automatically gets released into the production environment. It saves a significant amount of time and effort. Get into the groove of easy and smooth deployment with Testsigma without compromising on the quality and security of your software.



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How to reduce the risk of missing bugs before deploying on production?

How to Reduce the Risk of Missing Bugs in Production?

The software will never be bug-free. But, it&#8217;s important to minimize the number of bugs such that the impact on functionality and user experience of an application is minimized. Bugs could come up due to different reasons, in this article, we will discuss them from the perspective of software errors. These are the errors that also need attention during the testing phase.



We can divide the errors during software development into two sections for easy understanding:



<ol><li>Software errors</li><li>Testing errors</li></ol>



Let’s understand each of them in detail below.



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#Software_errors">1 Software errors</a></li><li><a href="#Testing_errors">2 Testing errors</a></li><li><a href="#Conclusion">3 Conclusion</a></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="software-errors">Software errors</h2>



User interface errors



The user interface of an application comprises functionality, intuitive use, messages, page redirects, ease of use, ease of remembering the UI, etc. A few of the errors which can be faced due to a poorly designed UI are: 



i. Functional errors



They are functionality related issues or errors. These software errors are usually uncovered during functionality testing, mostly can be present as: 



Difficult/ confusing functionality: If the user is unable to understand or perform a function on the application, then it should change. The UI is meant to be intuitive and easy for the user.&nbsp; 



Non-performance of the intended function: The software is unable to perform the function as intended, then this is an error.&nbsp;



Example: An e-commerce website is unable to process the payment part. Then such a website is of no use to the customer, and this is a functional error. 



Incorrect manuals and user guides: They should not boast about the application and should clearly and concisely mention what the application does. This will eradicate the chances of a misled user, who is unable to perform a task successfully on the application. These errors are caught during software documentation testing.&nbsp; 



ii. Information/ content related errors: These errors can cause wrong information to be conveyed to the users. These errors come up during the UI testing of a software application.



On-screen information for users: The information which is required by the user should be available on the application screen itself. A user will not want to consult the user guide for every other function. 



Showing activity during long tasks: The application should display the activity/progress bar when a long task is being executed. Otherwise, the user will assume that the screen got frozen.&nbsp;



For example, a user has submitted a form, and the progress bar is showing no progress or activity then the user will get confused if the form has been submitted successfully or not. He may think that the software got stuck and a system restart is needed.



Spelling mistakes: You may think that wrong spellings are not a big deal, but they are. They look unprofessional and leave a bad impression of the application. 



Precise messages: The error/ dialog boxes should have short and crisp messages, no one wants to read long verbose messages while performing a task.



Dialog box layout: There should be consistency in the layout, capitalization, style, spacing, buttons, etc. of the dialog boxes.&nbsp;



iii. Wrong redirection



The redirection of the links on the website should be thoroughly checked. It will leave a really bad impression if the user clicks are redirected to an unintended page. Example: The user clicks on the ‘home’ icon and she stays on the same page, additionally there are no other links to move back to the home page. This is a really bad UI error.



Error handling



Failure to handle errors appropriately may result in absurd results, which we certainly want to avoid. We can anticipate and correct an error by using the below conditions:



Overflow condition



It occurs when the arithmetic calculation results in a value that is way too large for the software program to handle.



Example: divide by zero, multiplication of 2 large numbers, etc. 



Error condition



The impossible values should be identified and removed from the program, otherwise, they will result in error conditions.&nbsp;



Example: A program performs a task when the value of the boolean variable is ‘True’ and another task when the value of the boolean variable is ‘False’. 



But when ‘NULL’ is passed the behaviour of the program is unknown, hence we should make sure that the boolean variable has value either ‘True’ or ‘False’, nothing else. Also, if there is a condition when NULL is the outcome, it should be handled gracefully.



Error flags



Programmers usually pass an ‘Error Flag’ in the function to keep track of the success or failure of the function. It is advisable to always check this value of the flag before using the returned value from the function. Otherwise, it may result in the processing of garbage data and erroneous results.



Hardware error



We focus on software so much that we forget about the hardware failures. If the hardware gets disconnected or stops working then we cannot expect correct output from the software.&nbsp;



Example: Printers and other hardware devices return bits of information that something is not right. 



Calculation errors



Software programs after performing a calculation may fetch wrong results, for any of the below reasons:



Incorrect logic: This can happen when a wrong formula is used for calculation. Another example is when there is a typo error by a programmer and the whole logic changes due to a change in formula/operation.



Incorrect arithmetic operator order: Precedence of the operators should be kept in mind while dealing with arithmetic operators. 



Example: 2+5*4, the result of this will vary according to the operator precedence. Programmers may assume that the operation will execute from left to right and the answer will be 28. However, multiplication has higher precedence and it will be executed first, so the result is 22. 



Truncation and round-off errors: When dealing with floating numbers, the value may get truncated or rounded-off and will lead to precision errors.



Control flow errors



Control flow decides where the program’s control will move next, this is described using the control statements. Control flow-related errors may arise when the flow of the program is changed abruptly.



Example: Stack overflow error, exception handling issues, blocking/unblocking the interrupts in the program.



<h2 id="testing-errors">Testing errors</h2>



This section explains the possible errors a tester can make during the software testing process. We can never catch all the possible bugs in the program, there will always be a few which will be left undetected. 



However, we always look forward to achieving as much test coverage as possible so that the maximum number of bugs are detected and fixed.&nbsp;



Still, we may face the below-mentioned errors while performing software testing.



i. Data handling errors



The test data file contains bad data, and you weren’t aware of it during the testing process. The test results received will be awkward and concerning, and it becomes difficult to find the root cause of the error in this case. 



ii.&nbsp;Verification of fixes



&nbsp;Usually, the developers fix only the issues which are mentioned in the defect report. It is the responsibility of the tester to test related functionalities as well, to make sure nothing else is broken.



Example: A field value consisting of the customer&#8217;s name was accepting blank values, although the field is mandatory. The developer has fixed it, during testing the field is not accepting blank values, but it is accepting numeric values now. 



Such instances happen and the tester should use her vigilance while testing. Therefore, regression testing is so important after defect fixes.



iii.&nbsp;Hardware issues



These are the testing issues posed due to wrong/unavailable hardware.



Example: While reading a file, the file is corrupted and we receive a&nbsp; ‘Resource not available’ error. Now, this hardware issue is affecting the testing process indirectly. 



Another example can be when we are sending data through Connect: Direct channel and the network is not working properly, in this case, the data transfer will not happen and we will not be able to test end-to-end.



iv.&nbsp;SSL certificate issues



During testing – if the website does not have a valid SSL certificate we may receive an SSL certificate error. In this case, we can accept the risk and continue for testing purposes. But, on production – a valid SSL certificate is a must. So, you can buy a valid&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cheapsslshop.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">SSL certificate from CheapSSLShop</a>.



v.&nbsp;Defect slippage



This is the most daunting error a tester may commit, but it happens! It may happen due to any of the below reasons:



<ol><li>Correct expected results not known</li><li>Inattentiveness</li><li>Difficult test steps</li></ol>



vi. Bug reporting



The bugs need to be found out, reported, fixed, and verified, every step holds its value. We should report the bug with proper evidence, reports, and steps to reproduce. The report should be correct and if it has huge data then highlight the wrong results for readability.



vii. Automation related errors



Incorrect element locator: If the Xpath, id, name, etc. used in the automation script are incorrect, then it would result in wrong test script steps. The script will not find the required element and eventually will fail.



Automation tools like <a href="https://testsigma.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)">Testsigma</a>, provide a Chrome extension to automatically detect the <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/element-locators-automated-testing/#:~:text=An%20element%20locator%20is%20what,it%20needs%20to%20interact%20with." target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)">locator of an element</a> with just a click. Thus, these errors can be easily avoided. 



Iframe: When the selected element is in a different frame, we will receive an error- ‘element not found’ even by using the correct locator. So, to resolve this we need to shift the control to the iframe, where the element is located. Testsigma makes it easy to switch the iframe and windows, to read the documentation visit <a rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)" href="https://support.testsigma.com/support/solutions/articles/32000028123-how-to-identify-and-handle-iframes" target="_blank">here</a>. 



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Wait time: It is important to use the correct wait time for every element in test scripts. Since, if the element is not visible after the wait time elapsed, the test script will fail.



viii. API testing



NULL entries



When the API is tested for expected inputs they work fine, but sometimes there are NULL values sent in the fields. Then during integration testing, such NULL values cause trouble. Hence, the API should be tested for NULL values as well, with appropriate error messages being sent to the application. 



Invalid API responses



The field size of the partner application and the API should be the same otherwise the API response will be counted as invalid.



Caching errors



Data like images are usually cached on the partner application. However, if real-time data is cached then this results in erroneous results.



Coding practices



Standard coding practices should be followed by the programmers, else the non-standard coding practices will result in errors. Example: returning NULL values as output.



<h2 id="conclusion">Conclusion</h2>



During testing, if we ensure proper test coverage then we can eliminate critical and major defects effectively. A quality application/software is imperative for business growth and user acquisition. Therefore, the testing should work on understanding the business requirements thoroughly and writing test cases accordingly.&nbsp;



More test cases do not mean better testing, we require good requirement coverage for effective testing. Additionally, there should be good risk coverage so that the business’s important features are tested in-depth. Proper bug reporting, defect retest, regression tests, verification of fixes, etc. all are important steps towards high-quality software. 



PC: <a href="https://unsplash.com/@emilep?utm_source=unsplash&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_content=creditCopyText" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Emile Perron</a>

Software Testing Errors to look out for (with examples)

Data is powerful. Businesses globally adopt data-driven techniques to make highly informed and mindful decisions. Creating a culture of relying on data adds immense value and lets us interpret data into real, actionable insights. But more than anything, data offers clarity. According to <a href="https://www.ciodive.com/news/data-driven-companies-revenue-coronavirus-covid19/578159/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">CIO Dive</a>, data-driven organizations have at least a 58 percent of chance to meet their revenue goals in comparison to non-data-driven organizations. But we are here to talk about how you can leverage data to understand how much testing is enough for your application.



We&#8217;ve all heard of <a aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)" href="https://testsigma.com/automated-data-driven-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">data driven testing </a>and its benefits. But, some data-driven techniques can help us understand if we&#8217;ve carried out sufficient testing. 



Based on that, we can discover if and when our products are ready for launch. This article will discuss those data-driven techniques and how we can achieve software reliability using them.&nbsp;



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#How_Much_Testing_is_Enough">1 How Much Testing is Enough?</a><ul><li><a href="#Ask_the_Right_Question">1.1 Ask the Right Question</a></li><li><a href="#Define_Your_Project_and_Testing_Requirements">1.2 Define Your Project and Testing Requirements</a></li><li><a href="#Do_Not_Trap_Yourself_In_Is_it_Enough_Question">1.3 Do Not Trap Yourself In ‘Is it Enough’ Question</a></li><li><a href="#Understand_the_Testing_Scope">1.4 Understand the Testing Scope</a></li><li><a href="#Make_the_Right_Decision">1.5 Make the Right Decision</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Data_Driven_Techniques_Measure_How_Much_Testing_is_Enough">2 Data Driven Techniques: Measure How Much Testing is Enough?</a><ul><li><a href="#When_the_build_breakage_is_trivial">2.1 When the build breakage is trivial: </a></li><li><a href="#When_all_the_involved_parties_sign_off_the_stories">2.2 When all the involved parties sign off the stories: </a></li><li><a href="#When_the_code_freeze_is_effective">2.3 When the code freeze is effective: </a></li><li><a href="#When_all_the_blockersbugs_are_addressed">2.4 When all the blockers/bugs are addressed: </a></li><li><a href="#When_the_test_coverage_is_high">2.5 When the test coverage is high: </a></li><li><a href="#When_the_find-rate_of_critical_bugs_is_low">2.6 When the find-rate of critical bugs is low: </a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Final_Words">3 Final Words</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions">4 Frequently Asked Questions</a></li><li><a href="#Suggested_Readings">5 Suggested Readings</a></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="how-much-testing-is-enough">How Much Testing is Enough?</h2>



You know your application requires testing, but where do you stop once you start the process? Do you continue performing the different types of testing as and when you feel the need? Or do you document your testing requirements first and begin your application testing journey?



We have the answer for you in the below points. These will help you understand how much testing is enough for your project:



<h3 id="ask-the-right-question">Ask the Right Question</h3>



As a tester, you must come up with the right queries to understand the project scope and its testing requirements, if it would have API calls, UI needs, integration of modules, payment gateway, cart functionality, or more. Upon understanding what the application will actually have, you can ask your testing team to proceed with the particular test cases and scenarios.



<h3 id="define-your-project-and-testing-requirements">Define Your Project and Testing Requirements</h3>



Similar to the above point, defining your project and testing requirements beforehand is a sure-shot way of knowing how much testing you would need to perform. As you start to document test cases and keep adding to them, you will understand how much test coverage the project precisely needs.



<h3 id="do-not-trap-yourself-in-is-it-enough-question">Do Not Trap Yourself In ‘Is it Enough’ Question</h3>



Often, testers doubt themselves and keep asking if the testing is enough or do they continue to keep doing it. But breaking out of this trap shouldn’t be a huge concern once you have properly defined your testing requirements. Simply run all the tests and perform final Regression testing before calling it a day.



<h3 id="understand-the-testing-scope">Understand the Testing Scope</h3>



It is almost similar to documenting and sticking to the test coverage when new features or updates make an entry. Once you are clear about the scope of testing, you can re-run the same test cases to execute regression and also when upgrades are rolled out.



<h3 id="make-the-right-decision">Make the Right Decision</h3>



What does ‘enough’ mean to you? It is subjective, and that is why finding the perfect balance between too little and too much is critical. All of this starts with making the right decision and ensuring that your testing efforts match the testing requirements that do not waste resources, time, and money in abundance.



<h2 id="data-driven-techniques-measure-how-much-testing-is-enough">Data Driven Techniques: Measure How Much Testing is Enough?</h2>



<h3 id="when-the-build-breakage-is-trivial">When the build breakage is trivial: </h3>



Most agile teams and continuous integrations strive to ensure build breakages don&#8217;t happen. When a developer pushes new code to the existing source code repository, the software may not perform as intended. 



For instance, if your code had no errors in the past 10 days and is now running into errors with every code push, it means the code isn&#8217;t tested enough.&nbsp;



In a nutshell, we can assume the build is broken if the build process doesn&#8217;t move further, smoothly, for reasons such as bugs, compilation errors, or that a developer is pushing code without testing it enough. 



A solid way to avoid build breakage is by ensuring the build is accurate before checking in. In case of any errors, it&#8217;s recommended to fix the errors locally before integrating the changes with the source code. 



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-production.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/migrated_images/i65T7nw6yo38cIYyw-kHbXLKL4YXqlPU4tyXkMOHZHtD1edFjFQ7z_IZ5-btyJhg8T0IGOISWQWEmJ1KeE60EWukT2NxvSV5-hW4t4woPBSZCJ3fVxIQFuBXxTJklQxEt1E-Z_sF_1748948500.png" alt="Data Driven Techniques"/></figure>







As per Parabuild CI, build breakage can be avoided if we avoid code check-ins beyond 5 pm. Parabuild calls it <a href="https://www.parabuildci.org/support/articles/continuous_integration_build_breakage_patterns.htm" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">&#8220;Five O&#8217;clock Check-In&#8221;</a> Pattern and its studies suggest that a developer&#8217;s critical and analytical skills often dip after 5 pm or towards the end of the day. 



Further, this research also proves that if we avoid code pushes after 5 pm, it brings down build breakage by 20% to 50%.



However, if the software isn&#8217;t encountering any errors, despite small code changes, it means the build breakage is insignificant, and that the software has been thoroughly tested.&nbsp;



<h3 id="when-all-the-involved-parties-sign-off-the-stories">When all the involved parties sign off the stories: </h3>



Agile teams work as per their pre-decided schedules and plans. Their core objectives include transparency and involving all the respective stakeholders before a project takes off.&nbsp;



For that reason, agile teams chalk out epics and stories as they offer a broad understanding of the requirements in both short-term and long-term scenarios. 



Stories are written from the user&#8217;s perspective and they give a clear picture of the requirements while epics are a collection of these stories. When the stories are signed off by all the stakeholders, for instance, the QA team, developers, product managers, and any other involved teams, it means enough testing has been carried out.



<h3 id="when-the-code-freeze-is-effective">When the code freeze is effective: </h3>



Code freeze literally means we cannot modify or edit the code when the code is frozen. This is done to effectively eliminate the chances of unintentionally introducing any bugs before the software goes live. 



There are cases when developers push code even after the code is frozen. Even a few insignificant, last-minute code changes before the release can lead to a build breakage.&nbsp;



The developers might have tested out those features on their machine, but we don&#8217;t know how these changes reflect in the software when the new code is integrated. 



This means the code freeze is ineffective and the entire code has to be tested again. Particularly to detect faulty behaviour and to understand which elements are causing breakage when integrated.



Things to consider for an effective code freeze



<ul><li>We should confirm there are no new bugs before going ahead with the code freeze. New modifications and bugs can hinder the smooth functioning of our software, and we should address any issues and fix even the smallest vulnerabilities before a code freeze.</li><li>We should perform a stringent security test that will help us discover any insecure elements or areas of the software.</li><li>If we&#8217;ve faced any bugs in the previous stages, it&#8217;s best to check for similar patterns or bugs. Move forward with the code freeze only after validating the features, functionalities, and quality of the software.</li></ul>



These key things can lead to an effective code freeze, thereby ensuring stable software.&nbsp;



<h3 id="when-all-the-blockers-bugs-are-addressed">When all the blockers/bugs are addressed: </h3>



To move forward with the project, it&#8217;s crucial to close all the blockers bugs. Blockers can come in various forms that include technical issues, backlogs, environmental errors, rapid changes in priorities or stories, too many external dependencies, hidden complexities, or complex tools. 



Teams can address blockers by keeping a track of them using project management frameworks like Kanban, Wrike, etc.&nbsp;



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-production.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/migrated_images/alVcH2dB9_R2qc5DFxsdOhuBEyFYG5_ANx2zQqqDA7dQ_uLiy9UtedJHMscgrFk0Ix-JSURcvLEItG2XQ0yQQ8q2j4U16cgPrkwTdBo_eOmNSVtvQdTVLhaWqL6uAtyfDKq8BwWM_1748948497.jpg" alt="bug track - Kanban project management frameworks"/></figure>







<h3 id="when-the-test-coverage-is-high">When the test coverage is high: </h3>



Test coverage is a metric that determines how much testing is done on the software, which is under testing. This metric helps us gather important information such as the total number of tests that have passed, failed, and executed, the number of test cases, and if the software is thoroughly tested.&nbsp;



Maximum test coverage can be achieved with the following:



<ul><li><a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/what-is-automation-testing-why-automated-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Automation testing</a> tools</li><li>By performing thorough unit tests</li><li>Code reviews</li></ul>



A good rule of thumb is if your test coverage is high, it means the software under test went through maximum testing. But, this metric should not be used independently or it can create more confusion than it is useful. To know more, read here: <a href="https://www.thoughtworks.com/insights/blog/are-test-coverage-metrics-overrated" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Are Test Coverage Metrics Overrated?</a>



<h3 id="when-the-find-rate-of-critical-bugs-is-low">When the find-rate of critical bugs is low: </h3>



Often we encounter errors during production, regression, or acceptance testing. In an ideal scenario, we should find and fix any critical bugs or defections before our software goes into production.&nbsp;



The find rate of the bugs can be tracked based on the number of bugs found during the pre-production testing phase against production. This will help us measure our bug find rate, and if the rate is low or reducing, it means enough testing has been performed.



<h2 id="final-words">Final Words</h2>



Automation testing ecosystems can offer the right amount of test coverage and reduce build breakage, provided we choose the right tool. Testsigma increases test coverage through its <a rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)" href="https://testsigma.com/automated-data-driven-testing" target="_blank">data-driven testing system.</a> 



Powered by AI, Testsigma&#8217;s automation testing tool makes it very easy to create test cases and improve your test coverage. It provides an in-depth summary of test results, which helps in tackling the bugs better.



This codeless testing tool is fully cloud-based. Besides, whenever any code changes are made, AI suggests which affected areas should be prioritized for testing. While this helps you identify the affected tests easily, you can also avoid failures that are similar to these tests.&nbsp;



Our tool sends out in-depth reports via email, Slack, and other communication platforms, for you to collaborate and fix any bugs with your team. Since it&#8217;s cloud-based, remote teams can access it from anywhere, anytime. Read about the simplicity of data-driven testing with Testsigma <a href="https://testsigma.com/data-driven-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)">here</a>.



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<h2 id="frequently-asked-questions">Frequently Asked Questions</h2>



<div class="schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block"><div class="schema-faq-section" id="faq-question-1752750956416">How do you know when to stop testing? There is no quantifiable way to know that you have completed all your testing requirements. But if the application contains very few errors, regression is over, user acceptance testing is complete, and no new features are being added, you can stop your testing efforts till anything new comes up. </div> <div class="schema-faq-section" id="faq-question-1752750965928">Is it possible to test 100% of the software? Practically, it is impossible to test any application completely. You might be able to reach a very near point where the software has no identifiable issues, and the users are also content with its working. But otherwise, because the area of possible inputs is too huge to completely use in testing a system. </div> </div>



<h2 id="suggested-readings">Suggested Readings</h2>



<a href="https://testsigma.com/automated-data-driven-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Automated Data-Driven Testing Tool for Agile teams</a>



<a href="https://testsigma.com/data-driven-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">All you need to know about Data-Driven Testing</a>&nbsp;



<a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/top-benefits-of-data-driven-test-automation/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Top Benefits of Data-Driven Test Automation</a>&nbsp;



<a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/scenarios-when-data-driven-testing-is-useful/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Scenarios When Data-Driven Testing Is Useful</a>

Data driven techniques: How to measure when testing is enough

Data Driven Techniques to Measure How Much Testing is Enough

In today’s world where ‘data is the new oil’ ( as said by Clive Humby), not giving proper attention to data-driven testing is not justified. If you have an application that needs data input in some form then it will require data-driven testing. 



Additionally, when during testing your application &#8211; there are testing scenarios that require multiple permutations/combinations of input data in your application, then you might have to think of using a test automation tool for automating them.



We seek help from automation tools for data-driven testing, because manually it may be tiring, time-consuming, outright boring, and prone to human errors. So we create a data repository where all of the data resides, separate from the test scripts. 



The data repository could be a CSV file, excel sheet, DB table, etc. Scripts and data are kept separate from each other to increase the maintainability, simplicity, and understandability for future use. The test results are a huge set of data and they need to be matched against the expected results, which are again stored in files.&nbsp;



Let us see a few scenarios where data-driven testing is useful in providing a quality product.



Scenario 1: Tabular data&nbsp;



Example: Registration forms that require email, password, and other information. 



It is a classic scenario where we require data-driven testing(DDT) to perform thorough testing on the input data. The registration form needs to be tested for all sorts of inputs such as &#8211; alphanumeric, alphabets, special characters, blank input, numerics, etc.&nbsp;



DDT needs to be performed for negative and positive test cases as depicted in the table below:



<figure class="wp-block-table"><table style="border: 1px solid black;border-collapse: collapse"><tbody><tr style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse"><td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">Username value</td><td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">Password value</td></tr><tr style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse"><td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">Valid</td><td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">Valid</td></tr><tr style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse"><td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">Valid</td><td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">Invalid</td></tr><tr style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse"><td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">Invalid</td><td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">Valid</td></tr><tr style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse"><td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">Invalid</td><td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">Invalid</td></tr><tr style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse"><td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">Valid</td><td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">NULL</td></tr><tr style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse"><td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">NULL</td><td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">Valid</td></tr><tr style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse"><td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">NULL</td><td style="border: 1px solid black;padding: 10px;border-collapse: collapse">NULL</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>



The steps will be:



<ul><li>Create and store the test data in a data repository. The data file will also contain the expected output and actual output.</li><li>The driver script will pick the input data from the files and fill in the input fields in real-time.</li><li>After performing the logic execution the driver scripts pick the actual output from the application and write the actual output in the data file.</li><li>Later the expected output and actual outputs are compared and the test results are recorded accordingly as Pass/Fail.</li><li>Repeat with the next test data.</li></ul>



A detailed DDT guide having useful and vast information is <a rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)" href="https://testsigma.com/data-driven-testing" target="_blank">here</a>.



Scenario 2: Data Arrays



Example: Travel itinerary/ Flight booking systems



For testing a travel/flight booking system, we would need many permutations and combinations of the test data. The bookings will vary according to the input data such as first name, last name, origin, destination, date of travel, etc.&nbsp;



&nbsp;Interestingly, in this example, the data is difficult to store in tabular form and will be best stored in arrays called ‘flight’ and ‘passengers’. There are so many input fields in this scenario, and we need to create data sets for each of the input fields accordingly. 



The driver script will read the data from the ‘flight’ and ‘passenger’ arrays and the logic of flight booking will be executed. Finally, the test results are generated based on the comparison of actual results and expected results.



Scenarios 1 and 2 are the ones used for end-to-end test automation mostly, and it is advisable to use an end-to-end test automation tool that supports data-driven testing. 



An example of <a href="https://testsigma.com/automated-data-driven-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)">such a tool is Testsigma</a>, a cloud-based tool that simplifies your test case creation along with your data-driven testing. Not only does Testsigma really eases the setup of your data-driven testing, being cloud-based gives you the ability to start with your automation soon after you signup. It’s not just that, Testsigma readily integrates with your CI/CD workflow.&nbsp; 



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Read about the simplicity of data-driven testing with Testsigma <a rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)" href="https://testsigma.com/data-driven-testing" target="_blank">here</a>.



Scenario 3: Load and performance testing



Example: E-commerce applications



During festive sales, the e-commerce applications get record hits by the users. The application/ website should be ready for this large user interaction, we achieve this by load and performance testing.&nbsp; 



Here, we need to create thousands of simulated user profiles, which will add the items/goods in their shopping cart and perform the purchase. For this purpose, we seek help from DDT, we will create such a huge amount of user data and user actions in the data repository. 



Since it is a huge dataset we will take the help of automation to create this test data. The driver script and load/performance testing automation tools will work in tandem to run these test cases.



Scenario 4: Image-based data-driven testing




Example: Image classification algorithms



Photo management applications, e-commerce websites, search engines, healthcare, disaster monitoring, robotics, etc. need image classification algorithms to recognize and search images. 



These algorithms are capable of learning about the image and eventually recognizing it. Based on this recognition the software executes the logic, for a great user experience.&nbsp;



The functionality of these algorithms is tested using the image-based DDT. A large dataset of images is used to verify that the algorithm can learn and recognize images correctly.



Read more about how to select test data for these algorithms <a rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)" href="https://machinelearningmastery.com/how-to-choose-the-right-test-options-when-evaluating-machine-learning-algorithms/" target="_blank">here</a>.



Scenario 5: Data-driven Testing for testing NLP(Natural Language Processing) 




Example: Chatbots



In quest of providing an incredible user experience, organizations are creating their software to support NLP(Natural Language Processing). Most of the websites are providing chatbots to their customers for resolving their queries in Natural Languages.



How do chatbots gain such a high level of consistency, responsiveness, correctness?&nbsp;



Through qualitative research data is gathered using surveys, questionnaires, user observations, clickstreams, etc. Then this data is fed into the chatbot for machine learning purposes, and then we use this test data for data-driven testing. 



The data provider will provide the user queries into the chatbot and then we can verify the correctness of the response during testing. Also, we would like to test the response time of the chatbot using this DDT. 



Scenario 6: Spam detection algorithm



Example: email spam



No one wants to get many <a href="https://easydmarc.com/blog/why-are-my-emails-going-to-spam-and-how-to-fix-it/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">emails in the spam folder</a>, so spam detection algorithms have been designed to identify such <a href="https://powerdmarc.com/what-is-spam-email/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">spam emails</a>. For this purpose the data is collected, analyzed, and a data set is created for the algorithm. 



A part of this data will act as the training data for the spam detection algorithm and the other part will be used as test data.



The test data is then run on the algorithm to decide the accuracy, predictability, and precision of the spam detection algorithm. Here also we are using data-driven testing to test the accuracy of the email spam detection algorithm in the application.



Learn More: <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/negative-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Positive and Negative Testing Scenarios</a>



<h2 id="conclusion">Conclusion</h2>



Machine learning and Big Data are driving the major industry decisions today. We all know very well that in today’s scenario, data is the new oil. To test such a huge amount of data we need help from DDT and tools that support it.&nbsp;



Data-driven testing provides enormous benefits, and in many cases, it is the only option to perform testing. The benefits of DDT are reusability, simplicity, maintainability, better test coverage, etc. Read more about the benefits of DDT<a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/top-benefits-of-data-driven-test-automation/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)"> here</a>.

Scenarios when Data Driven Testing is useful

Scenarios When Data-Driven Testing Is Useful

There are a plethora of browsers available in the market for both web browsing and mobile browsing such as Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Safari, Opera, etc. Now, the challenge here is that no one browser is similar to others or works in a similar fashion. A website may look and function differently on different browsers which can result in a loss in revenue. Thus, testing websites in different browsers is needed in order to ensure that your visitors see your application in the same way you want them to, irrespective of the browsers they are using to access it.



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#Importance_of_Testing_Websites_in_Different_Browsers">1 Importance of Testing Websites in Different Browsers</a></li><li><a href="#How_Do_You_Determine_Which_Browser_to_Test_the_Website_on">2 How Do You Determine Which Browser to Test the Website on?</a></li><li><a href="#Why_Use_Testsigma_for_Automated_Cross-Browser_Testing">3 Why Use Testsigma for Automated Cross-Browser Testing?</a></li><li><a href="#How_to_Test_Website_on_Different_Browsers_Using_Testsigma">4 How to Test Website on Different Browsers Using Testsigma</a></li><li><a href="#Conclusion">5 Conclusion</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions">6 Frequently Asked Questions</a><ul><li><a href="#How_do_I_run_a_test_script_in_multiple_browsers">6.1 How do I run a test script in multiple browsers?</a></li><li><a href="#Is_it_important_to_check_your_website_on_all_browsers">6.2 Is it important to check your website on all browsers?</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="importance-of-testing-websites-in-different-browsers">Importance of Testing Websites in Different Browsers</h2>



Most people have a default browser. Among the multiple options that are available, users frequent only certain browsers while searching the internet. The majority of people use Chrome, which boasts of having the largest market share. However, there are others who prefer Firefox, Edge, or Safari.



If you have a website, then testing beyond your default browser is right for your business. All these browsers work differently and display the pages as per their functioning. There is a slight chance that your website layout might look different or even malfunction at a few places. But the rectification is quite simple: test the website in all browsers. This is called <a href="https://testsigma.com/cross-browser-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">cross-browser testing</a>.



Checking websites on different browsers also helps to unearth the problems early on before the users get to it.



But again, if there are multiple browsers, how do you decide which browsers to take up for testing? You can’t just take any random list of browsers and begin the validation process. It will be time-taking.



Here’s a way you can reduce the work while ensuring that your website runs smoothly on popular and most-used browsers.



<h2 id="how-do-you-determine-which-browser-to-test-the-website-on">How Do You Determine Which Browser to Test the Website on?</h2>



As a rule of thumb, start by picking out browsers that are popular in the market. Google Chrome. Microsoft Edge, Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Safari, and Opera are some of the options to look at.



Another way to decide on different browsers to test the website is to research your customers/users and see which browsers they regularly use. Take this a bit further by learning about the browser version and device they use to better formulate your testing strategy and test coverage. Prioritize the browsers that are most used and move downward to the ones that are least used.



Don’t forget to test every new update and regression on all these browsers before making the final release. And there are many <a href="https://testsigma.com/cross-browser-testing-tools">cross browser testing tools</a> you can avail for this activity.



Testsigma is a cloud-based cross-browser testing tool that lets you easily automate the end-to-end test cases for the web. These test cases can then easily be executed on different browsers available on the cloud. 



Testsigma also gives you the flexibility to choose from multiple cloud labs that host these browsers and devices for cross browser testing.&nbsp; 



<h2 id="why-use-testsigma-for-automated-cross-browser-testing">Why Use <a aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)" href="https://testsigma.com/automated-cross-browser-testing-tool" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Testsigma for Automated Cross-Browser Testing</a>?</h2>



Here are some features that make Testsigma the best choice for automated cross browser testing:



i. Coding in Simple English: Testsigma does not require you to be a coding expert as it allows users to write automation scripts in simple English. It makes it really easy for anyone get started with the creation and execution of automated tests on the Testsigma platform.



ii. Instant Access to Thousands of Real Devices &amp; Environments: Testsigma provides you with instant access to thousands of different testing environments available on the cloud.



iii. Parallel Testing: The platform allows the users to add multiple environments to testing and run parallel testing seamlessly to save a significant amount of time and effort.



iv. Supports Continuous Integration: Testsigma offers easy integrations with all the popular CI/CD tools such as Jenkins in order to facilitate continuous integration.



v. Robust Reporting Features: The platform comes with powerful test analytics and reporting that is customizable according to the user’s requirements. The reporting includes screenshots, video recordings, logs, and detailed reports to cover on all grounds.



vi. Scalability: With Testsigma, you need not worry about scaling up or down your testing infrastructure as per your specific testing needs. Additionally, as soon as a new version of a browser or operating systems (OS) is released in the market, it gets added by Testsigma to the available test environments.



As discussed above, Testsigma lets you automate your test cases and execute them in parallel on unlimited devices with different resolutions, browsers, and operating systems to cover every possible combination.



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<h2 id="how-to-test-website-on-different-browsers-using-testsigma">How to Test Website on Different Browsers Using Testsigma</h2>



Let’s see how Testsigma tests a website on different browsers. We will start from the very basic.&nbsp; 



1. Prerequisites



These are some conditions that you will need to be fulfilled before you are able to create a test case on Testsigma. Don’t worry, these steps would only take a few minutes:



i. Create an account on Testsigma app if you don’t have one already.



You can sign up for a free 21 days trial <a href="https://testsigma.com/signup" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)">here</a>. 



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-production.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/migrated_images/CGMQP4KsV4YAiKknlrYjoPfb9EfL10l4cNPI4_wRxmI9TvVkpHFXw9L-AGYtD1j78mFR8XWEq8mUvN95pI7_4gJDqxM3rgzb557-koCQVRiO9ke-v7sm6J9YejUInh7pWkEwknNt_1748947957.png" alt="Testsigma - Test automation platform"/></figure>



2. Create a Project 



Once you have registered and done with the initial setup, you can move forward and create your first project. With Testsigma, you can create and manage multiple projects. 



With every new Testsigma account, you get four sample projects having different sample test cases for web, mobile web, iOS, and Android application types. You can easily create a new project from your Testsigma dashboard present on the top left corner to get started with the project.



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-production.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/migrated_images/eBjblQg9uTdwYN_kDkwxvIogFE6L46Zfs_1FkpONG08QE24z_V63Oa-0yqa8n5dfd3p6tjYT343BPVLTiQxmaFMR0sN0OJwgZRwqoZ7o0RPsDDIrG8YNcy48KEB2SGFfI6Go4gu2_1748947961.png" alt="Testsigma - Test automation platform"/></figure>



While creating the project make sure to select ‘project type’ as ‘web application’ because we are going to create a project for cross browser testing:



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-production.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/migrated_images/3W0wY3k5Tbx5Rw8EdFaHaPqPsXFyvqdoAVv0e8D_40h1e9hlaawE8I8stVeCNmS8yHcYtgfKqkUK60X0FbbXAXswbmtqByw0jQvj88f75IZ84kST_IsAQKOmdqBGp9L2lL8CjkkA_1748947965.png" alt="Testsigma - Test automation platform"/></figure>



3. Create UI Identifiers



In order to automate your tests, you need to interact with the elements or objects present on a given web page. To specify these elements in the tests, you need some specific details about them which are known as UI identifiers. 



These UI identifiers can be easily created using the Testsigma Chrome extension that lets you capture the details of elements easily when you interact with your web app in the browser. You can either create them by including <a href="https://www.w3schools.com/xml/xpath_intro.asp" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">XPath</a> or attributes of the CSS elements or just by recording them in Chrome.



To read more about creating UI identifiers check <a href="https://testsigma.com/docs/elements/web-apps/record-multiple-elements/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">here</a>.



4. Create and Run Test Cases



Creating test case in Testsigma is as easy as using simple natural language along with the UI identifiers. Testsigma allows you to run a test case on one of the following Test Labs –



i. Testsigma Lab 



ii. Local machines



iii. Private Grid



iv. Third-party IaaS providers such as BrowserStack/Sauce Labs 



A typical test case on Testsigma looks like this:



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-production.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/migrated_images/s3GanWLL2ViDzRo8qkvQG_dvrD7G1wGp7PYDUB2O0fdt5KhVQRhd6vVVCQdBfzIdTxt8KnOfg66HlZdYBLTpvI8A5RO5GSaXYTC2wZzaQSQT7UssnWxQSyvuX0ObwA0suMGetOVj_1748947967.png" alt="A typical test case on Testsigma"/></figure>



5. Create Test Plan



Once you are done with the test creation, you can move forward with creating your test plan for cross-browser testing. You need to enter some basic details such as name, description, test plan type, test suit, test environment etc. You have to make sure that you select ‘test plan type’ as cross browser testing:



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-production.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/migrated_images/ESUUn_G_4VFE0MiZ4KL9ByhWuSUC3u8LELpGo4WevyXcoDpAKel3QL47s7fx2lgxMcd3mROGcX8Bt569_c9vU9yyTvmIeRHewLpMX13VVQO6ju7XgjJqHmyaOiwjwS4TfTbfFqo3_1748947963.png" alt="Create Testplans"/></figure>



Once you have created the test plan, you can execute it by clicking on the run button.



It is crucial to test your website on multiple combinations of different browsers, operating systems, and devices to ensure good test coverage.



Below is how you can select multiple browsers for test execution:



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-production.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/migrated_images/rebUwLvFC9Co31nWcUhW8zcppc_Ifb2jgu-uS1Mt8Z2VsetXgYSWwkFX2gfIPB9s9nV7jazZXsUNFQs3qR8vzR94afKHtWq158Tw_sLvFukrDWTJ3GI5vKE7LtlDbsR8vCkQ9POR_1748947969.png" alt="select test machine with browser"/></figure>



6. Test Report Analysis



With Testsigma, you can get customizable reports as per your test requirements with reports accessible for individual test environments to help you locate the root failure causes much faster. It also lets you compare the test results on multiple browser-OS combinations in parallel.



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-production.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/migrated_images/o7zXI4psOIPLkPL9PpUbOebV9rkDIBs210-rRt3lOmd9Z8FO6kAncVv4vkrqUifRxM4dzsfa3xgdhZguccTI7FtnfyNHYHG5sW_JA7_AxAGCZBaF1VfCowgmq9VHdbb-qdL3D-_M_1748947971.png" alt="Test case result"/></figure>



Testsigma is one of the most comprehensive continuous<a href="https://testsigma.com/cross-browser-testing-tools" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"> cross-browser testing tools</a> available in the market today that gives you a quality app user experience on the cloud and also ensures your application’s compatibility across several devices and browsers. 



With Testsigma, writing automated tests is as simple as writing manual tests without any requirement for coding or knowledge of tools. 



<h2 id="conclusion">Conclusion</h2>



To summarize, Testsigma is designed to simplify cross-browser testing for websites. Its cloud-based infrastructure allows for the creation of reusable test cases, making it easier to ensure consistent functionality across different browsers. The intuitive interface and robust features help streamline testing efforts, ultimately contributing to a better user experience.



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<h2 id="frequently-asked-questions">Frequently Asked Questions</h2>



<h3 id="how-do-i-run-a-test-script-in-multiple-browsers">How do I run a test script in multiple browsers?</h3>



There is more than one way to run test scripts in multiple browsers. You can use Selenium WebDriver&#8217;s cross-browser testing capabilities. Simply initialize WebDriver instances for each browser (Chrome, Firefox, Safari) and execute the same <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/test-script/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test script</a> with each WebDriver instance, ensuring compatibility and consistency across browsers.



Another tool is Testsigma that leverages its cross-browser testing capability and easily configures test executions for various browsers, ensuring comprehensive <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/compatibility-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">compatibility testing</a> without the need for complex scripting or setup.



<h3 id="is-it-important-to-check-your-website-on-all-browsers">Is it important to check your website on all browsers?</h3>



Yes, it is a critical practice to test your website on multiple browsers. Differences in rendering engines and standards compliance can lead to variations in website appearance and functionality. Testing on popular browsers such as Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge helps ensure a consistent user experience across diverse browsing platforms. Differences in rendering engines and standards compliance can lead to variations in website appearance and functionality. Testing on popular browsers such as Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge helps ensure a consistent user experience across diverse browsing platforms.



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