Best Examples Of Web Applications Test Cases


<p>We know Software testing is an essential part of software development. <strong>Static </strong>and <strong>Dynamic </strong>Testing are two approaches that are important for ensuring the software’s quality. This blog will discuss the differences between static testing vs dynamic testing and when to use each approach.</p>



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets"><p class="toc_title">Table Of Contents</p><ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#Static_Testing_VS_Dynamic_Testing_8211_Overview"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">1</span> Static Testing VS Dynamic Testing &#8211; Overview</a><ul><li><a href="#What_is_static_testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">1.1</span> What is static testing?</a></li><li><a href="#What_is_dynamic_testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">1.2</span> What is dynamic testing?</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Static_Testing_Vs_Dynamic_Testing_8211_Key_Differences"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">2</span> Static Testing Vs Dynamic Testing &#8211; Key Differences</a></li><li><a href="#Static_Testing_and_Dynamic_Testing_8211_How_to_Choose_Between_them"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">3</span> Static Testing and Dynamic Testing &#8211; How to Choose Between them?</a></li><li><a href="#Summary"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">4</span> Summary</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">5</span> Frequently Asked Questions</a><ul><li><a href="#What_are_static_and_dynamic_testing_in_agile"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">5.1</span> What are static and dynamic testing in agile?</a></li><li><a href="#Is_black-box_testing_static_or_dynamic"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">5.2</span> Is black-box testing static or dynamic?</a></li><li><a href="#What_are_static_and_dynamic_testing_tools"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">5.3</span> What are static and dynamic testing tools?</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="static-testing-vs-dynamic-testing-overview"><span id="Static_Testing_VS_Dynamic_Testing_8211_Overview"><strong>Static Testing VS Dynamic Testing &#8211; Overview</strong></span></h2>



<h3 id="h-what-is-static-testing"><span id="What_is_static_testing">What is static testing?</span></h3>



<p><a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/static-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Static testing</a> does not involve running the code; it is a static analysis of the source code to find potential issues early in the development process through code reviews, inspections, and the use of static analysis tools.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 id="h-what-is-dynamic-testing"><span id="What_is_dynamic_testing">What is dynamic testing?</span></h3>



<p><a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/dynamic-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Dynamic testing</a> is a reactive technique since it involves executing the code to find real bugs and issues. This includes unit, integration, system, and acceptance testing as well as verifying functionality and performance to verify that defects are realized.</p>



<h2 id="h-static-testing-vs-dynamic-testing-key-differences"><span id="Static_Testing_Vs_Dynamic_Testing_8211_Key_Differences"><strong>Static Testing Vs Dynamic Testing &#8211; Key Differences</strong></span></h2>



<p>Let us look into the major differences between both testing methods:</p>



<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Features</strong></td><td><strong>Static Testing&nbsp;</strong></td><td><strong>Dynamic Testing&nbsp;</strong></td></tr><tr><td><strong>Definition</strong></td><td>A testing technique that reviews and analyzes software documentation, source code, and other artifacts before execution.</td><td>A testing technique that evaluates software behavior when it is executed.</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Objective</strong></td><td>To identify defects and improve software quality early in development.</td><td>To validate the software’s functionality and behavior in different scenarios.</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Types of Testing</strong></td><td><a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/role-of-a-software-tester-in-code-reviews/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><strong>Code review</strong></a>, walk-through, and inspection</td><td>Unit, integration, system, acceptance, performance, security, and user acceptance testing.</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Timing</strong></td><td>It begins early in the software development process and continues forever.</td><td>Conducted after coding and development are complete.</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Results</strong></td><td>Includes reviews, walkthroughs, and inspections of the software.&nbsp;</td><td>Includes functional, integration, system, performance, and usability tests&nbsp;</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Automation</strong></td><td>These tests, generally, cannot be automated.</td><td>These can be automated.</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>



<h2 id="h-static-testing-and-dynamic-testing-how-to-choose-between-them"><span id="Static_Testing_and_Dynamic_Testing_8211_How_to_Choose_Between_them"><strong>Static Testing and Dynamic Testing &#8211; How to Choose Between them?</strong></span></h2>



<p>When choosing between these testing, it is essential to consider the specific requirements and objectives of the <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/test-process/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">testing process</a>. Both approaches have advantages and limitations, so a justification for selecting one over the other depends on various factors.</p>



<p>Static testing involves analyzing code without executing it, while dynamic testing involves running code to identify any issues. The choice between static and dynamic testing largely depends on the desired outcome. Static testing may be the way to go if you’re looking to catch coding errors early and improve code quality.&nbsp;</p>



<p>On the other hand, dynamic testing is likely the better choice if you’re concerned with how a program behaves when running.&nbsp; You could also choose to do both according to the results you are expecting.</p>



<p>I conclude by saying both approaches have their strengths and weaknesses. So, it should be completely a decision based on the project’s specific needs.</p>



<h2 id="h-summary"><span id="Summary"><strong>Summary</strong></span></h2>



<p>In summary,&nbsp; both testing techniques play a vital role in software development and complement each other by thoroughly reviewing the software’s quality.</p>



<h2 id="h-frequently-asked-questions"><span id="Frequently_Asked_Questions"><strong>Frequently Asked Questions</strong></span></h2>



<h3 id="h-what-are-static-and-dynamic-testing-in-agile"><span id="What_are_static_and_dynamic_testing_in_agile">What are static and dynamic testing in agile?</span></h3>



<p>When, just like the <a href="https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/what-is-software-development/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">software development</a> activities in Agile, the static and dynamic testing is also done in iterations according to the tasks taken up for each iteration, it is termed “static and dynamic testing in Agile”.</p>



<h3 id="h-is-black-box-testing-static-or-dynamic"><span id="Is_black-box_testing_static_or_dynamic">Is black-box testing static or dynamic?</span></h3>



<p>Black-box testing is dynamic testing. The main objective of <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/black-box-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">black-box testing</a> is to assess the software’s functionality, usability, performance, security, and other non-functional aspects.</p>



<h3 id="h-what-are-static-and-dynamic-testing-tools"><span id="What_are_static_and_dynamic_testing_tools">What are static and dynamic testing tools?</span></h3>



<p id="h-some-examples-of-static-testing-tools-include-sonarqube-crucible-code-collaborator-and-findbugs-some-examples-of-dynamic-testing-tools-include-testsigma-selenium-soapui-jmeter-and-loadrunner">Some examples of static testing tools include SonarQube, Crucible, Code Collaborator, and FindBugs. Some examples of dynamic testing tools include <strong>Testsigma</strong>, Selenium, SoapUI, JMeter, and LoadRunner.</p>


Static Testing and Dynamic Testing - Key Differences

Static Testing VS Dynamic Testing – Key Differences

Top 10 Database Testing Tools With Features, Cons, and Pros

Top 10 Database Testing Tools With Features, Cons & Pros


<p><em>A clean test script is a good test script.</em></p>



<p><em>But a well-maintained test script is the best.</em></p>



<p>And while developers work hard to add/update application features, the well-maintained test scripts pick out tiny mistakes that slip into the code. You can turn to <a href="https://testsigma.com/automated-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">automation testing</a> to fix the mistakes in the software, but what if the test cases themselves are wrong? Maintenance testing helps here. It keeps the tests up to date, ensures AUT quality, and increases overall test coverage. Both manual and automation tests require regular maintenance. And for this blog, we will focus on the latter and discuss all the possible scenarios you can implement to maintain your automation tests.</p>



<p>Here’s our take on test maintenance and why you should think sincerely about implementing it for your business.</p>



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets"><p class="toc_title">Table Of Contents</p><ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#What_is_Test_Maintenance_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">1</span> What is Test Maintenance Testing?</a></li><li><a href="#Why_is_Test_Maintenance_Crucial_to_Software_Development"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">2</span> Why is Test Maintenance Crucial to Software Development?</a></li><li><a href="#Types_Of_Maintenance_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">3</span> Types Of Maintenance Testing</a><ul><li><a href="#Confirmation_Maintenance_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">3.1</span> Confirmation Maintenance Testing</a></li><li><a href="#Regression_Maintenance_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">3.2</span> Regression Maintenance Testing</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#How_Do_You_Maintain_a_Test"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">4</span> How Do You Maintain a Test?</a></li><li><a href="#Test_Maintenance_Techniques_Approaches"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">5</span> Test Maintenance Techniques/ Approaches</a></li><li><a href="#What_are_Some_Best_Practices_for_Test_Maintenance"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">6</span> What are Some Best Practices for Test Maintenance?</a></li><li><a href="#What_are_the_Main_Challenges_of_Test_Maintenance"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">7</span> What are the Main Challenges of Test Maintenance?</a></li><li><a href="#How_Does_Testsigma_Make_Maintenance_of_Automated_Test_Cases_Easy"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">8</span> How Does Testsigma Make Maintenance of Automated Test Cases Easy?</a></li><li><a href="#Conclusion"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">9</span> Conclusion</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">10</span> Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)</a><ul><li><a href="#When_should_maintenance_testing_occur"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">10.1</span> When should maintenance testing occur?</a></li><li><a href="#What_is_the_importance_of_test_maintenance"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">10.2</span> What is the importance of test maintenance?</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-what-is-test-maintenance-testing"><span id="What_is_Test_Maintenance_Testing"><strong>What is Test Maintenance Testing?</strong></span></h2>



<p>Test maintenance is the process of repairing test cases so they stay updated with continuous code changes. </p>



<p>Often, businesses have codes that keep changing as new updates get added to the application. Test maintenance ensures that your test script, manual or automation, stays up to date with the changes in code. With regular test maintenance, your business will save costs and time with high-quality tests by your side. For example, if the identifying attribute of a UI element (Id or class or Xpath) changes, even the test needs to accommodate that change to avoid failure.</p>



<p>There are multiple tools you can use for test automation. Some of those tools have features that reduce the test maintenance time, like Testsigma. Testsigma supports self-healing. It automatically detects the changes in the attributes of web elements and updates them so that tests don’t fail. Keep reading, and you will learn how Testsigma keeps your test cases up-to-date with the changes made in the code.</p>



<h2 id="h-why-is-test-maintenance-crucial-to-software-development"><span id="Why_is_Test_Maintenance_Crucial_to_Software_Development"><strong>Why is Test Maintenance Crucial to Software Development?</strong></span></h2>



<p>Test maintenance is crucial because it lowers the time and cost of writing tests. With test maintenance, you don’t need to keep working on new tests; add/delete the information from the existing ones. It simplifies testing, consistently maintains test quality, and improves automation testing scripts to run complex tests.</p>



<h2 id="h-types-of-maintenance-testing"><span id="Types_Of_Maintenance_Testing"><strong>Types Of Maintenance Testing</strong></span></h2>



<p>When working on maintaining tests, there are two types of maintenance testing every tester needs to work on:</p>



<h3 id="h-confirmation-maintenance-testing"><span id="Confirmation_Maintenance_Testing">Confirmation Maintenance Testing</span></h3>



<p>This maintenance testing type checks the modified code. While conducting this type of maintenance testing, you need to monitor every small and big modification in the code to ensure there are no functionality or downtime issues. Read more about <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/confirmation-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Confirmation testing</a></p>



<h3 id="h-regression-maintenance-testing"><span id="Regression_Maintenance_Testing">Regression Maintenance Testing</span></h3>



<p>This type focuses on testing the existing functionality and comes after the confirmation maintenance testing phase. It checks the complete software after the code change to ensure the existing functions do not encounter any issues. It is called <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/automated-regression-testing-challenges-agile/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Regression testing</a>.</p>



<h2 id="h-how-do-you-maintain-a-test"><span id="How_Do_You_Maintain_a_Test"><strong>How Do You Maintain a Test?</strong></span></h2>



<p>To maintain a test, you can keep changing the script to follow the code changes. Just monitor the modifications in the code and change the data/steps in the test script accordingly. But do you think this is a feasible way to maintain a test? What if a major release influences multiple areas of the application, and you would need to change every test script manually? The process seems tedious and highly time-consuming, and even prone to errors. And manually maintaining the scripts is not the right approach in the long term. But whatever your case, manual or automation, here are some of the best practices for you to follow when maintaining a test is not a one-man&#8217;s job.</p>



<h2 id="test-maintenance-techniques-approaches"><span id="Test_Maintenance_Techniques_Approaches">Test Maintenance Techniques/ Approaches</span></h2>



<p><strong>1) Using Reusable Test Modules Approach: </strong>Every feature or functionality consists of multiple components. To maintain test scripts properly, you need to break down your tests into smaller, reusable functions or modules. This way, when any changes occur to the software application, you would not need to update multiple tests, you would just have to update the part of the script that needs to be changed.</p>



<p><strong>2) Page Object Model (POM) Approach: </strong>This design pattern facilitates the separation of test script functionality from the user interface. Because each component or page has its own class, maintenance is made simpler. The only tests that would require updating in the event of UI changes are the page object classes.</p>



<p><strong>3) Centralized Test Data Management: </strong>Instead of hard-coding data in test scripts, a best practice is to keep the test data in separate files or formats like CSV, Excel, or JSON. This way, if the test data needs to be changed, you would only need to update the data files instead of modifying the test code itself.</p>



<p><strong>4) User Version Control Systems: </strong>It is easier to keep track of changes and roll back to earlier versions when test scripts are stored in a version control system like Git. This is also important when multiple members are working on the same test suite because it checks that everyone is on the same page.</p>



<p><strong>5) Regular Review and Refactoring: </strong>Just like developers are advised to always regularly review and refactor the application, the same applies to QA teams as well. The test scripts need to be regularly refactored to avoid redundant steps and to generally improve the structure of the test scripts.&nbsp;</p>



<p><strong>6) Using Automated Test Maintenance Tools: </strong>It is easier to detect when tests break because of code changes when test automation is integrated with continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) pipelines. Also, test management tools like TestRail or Jira can be used to track, organize, and maintain test results.<gwmw style="display:none;"><gwmw style="display:none;"></gwmw></p>



<h2 id="h-what-are-some-best-practices-for-test-maintenance"><span id="What_are_Some_Best_Practices_for_Test_Maintenance"><strong>What are Some Best Practices for Test Maintenance?</strong></span></h2>



<p>Below are some simple steps that make test maintenance easy:</p>



<ul><li>Build a clear and accessible test maintenance design where team members can easily communicate. You can achieve this by meticulously planning the test cycles and utilizing all the resources available to you. For example, if a tester worked on a test script for a certain feature, keeping everyone in the loop and being open to adapting changes to the test plan will help your team in maintenance testing.</li><li>Use a standard template for all test cases during automation</li><li>Try to create reusable tests or use a tool that supports reusability</li><li>Add testing as a critical part of SDLC during the development itself. This means adopting the <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/how-does-testsigma-support-the-shift-left-approach/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">shift-left testing technique</a> and going for CI/CD approach.</li><li>Write test cases and scripts with maximum coverage in the first instance, so you won’t have to keep adding new data for every small code change.</li><li>Run regular technical reviews of your test cases/scripts every month/quarter to find missing cases.</li><li>Add test steps that focus on what users will see and experience rather than going deep to the code level because sometimes, even when the program is right visual elements are missing on the page.</li><li>Keep updating changes on the go in your tests as you change your code.</li><li>To save time and get more work done, go for a no-code test automation tool, such as Testsigma, that comes with a lot of features to reduce test maintenance time. We will talk more about it in the sections below.</li></ul>



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<h2 id="h-what-are-the-main-challenges-of-test-maintenance"><span id="What_are_the_Main_Challenges_of_Test_Maintenance"><strong>What are the Main Challenges of Test Maintenance?</strong></span></h2>



<p>Here are some of the common challenges you might encounter while working on test maintenance:</p>



<ul><li>Your team might find it difficult to manage the cost and time of maintaining the tests if they are not equipped with the right tools and knowledge.</li><li>It becomes challenging if you do not find a test automation tool that can analyze false positives/flaky tests.</li><li>Poor or delayed communication between the developers and testers can compromise the test maintenance process and make it difficult to keep the tests on track with the code changes.</li><li>Your team will come across issues with testing tools that do not have the capability to detect GUI objects and the changes thereafter.</li><li>There might come situations where there is a skill gap in testers/developers to understand the requirement and maintain the tests either manually or using tools.</li></ul>



<p>And all these challenges might be difficult to surpass, but with the right tool like Testsigma, you can lower or even eliminate some of them.</p>



<h2 id="h-how-does-testsigma-make-maintenance-of-automated-test-cases-easy"><span id="How_Does_Testsigma_Make_Maintenance_of_Automated_Test_Cases_Easy"><strong>How Does Testsigma Make Maintenance of Automated Test Cases Easy?</strong></span></h2>



<p>By now, we know that maintenance testing is extensive but possible. But what if we told you that it need not be as stressful? It is possible with the help of a feature called Self-healing. Testsigma supports the self-healing of test cases. </p>



<p>Here are some ways in which Testsigma makes maintenance of automated test cases easy:</p>



<p>1. Self-healing: As mentioned earlier, Testsigma&#8217;s self-healing feature is a game-changer. It uses <a href="https://testsigma.com/ai-driven-test-automation" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">AI-powered automation</a> to determine any changes made to web elements in the source code and resolves them on its own, preventing the test cases from failing. This means that even if there are minor changes in the web application, the test cases will continue to function without any manual intervention.</p>



<p>2. Reusability: Testsigma allows you to create reusable test cases, which can be used across multiple projects and releases. This not only saves time and effort but also ensures that the test cases are consistent and reliable.</p>



<p>3. Easy Maintenance: Testsigma&#8217;s intuitive interface makes it easy to maintain test cases. The platform allows you to update test cases quickly and efficiently, ensuring that they remain up-to-date and relevant.</p>



<p>4. Collaboration: Testsigma allows multiple team members to work on the same test cases simultaneously, making it easy to collaborate and ensure that the test cases are accurate and reliable.</p>



<p>5. Comprehensive Reporting: Testsigma provides comprehensive reporting, which helps you identify issues and areas that require attention. The reporting feature also allows you to track progress and measure the effectiveness of your test cases.</p>



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<p></p>



<h2 id="h-conclusion"><span id="Conclusion"><strong>Conclusion</strong></span></h2>



<p>Developers keep changing the code regularly. New features come up, UI undergoes changes, and users request modifications &#8211; many such activities require code changes. With these changes, the tests need to be modified too. This is when maintenance testing comes into the picture. With regular test maintenance &#8211; automated test cases can help catch bugs on the latest code too. Thus, test maintenance can take a lot of time if not managed well. A part of the problem can be solved by choosing a test automation tool that supports test maintenance. Testsigma is one such tool with features such as:</p>



<ul><li>Easy-to-edit test steps</li><li>Self-healing test cases</li><li>Reusable test steps</li></ul>



<p>Not only this, Testsigma is a low-code test automation tool that makes your test authoring 10x faster. And lets you automate tests for web, mobile, Desktop, and APIs from the same place.</p>



<h2 id="h-frequently-asked-questions-faqs"><span id="Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs"><strong>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)</strong></span></h2>



<h3 id="h-when-should-maintenance-testing-occur"><span id="When_should_maintenance_testing_occur">When should maintenance testing occur?</span></h3>



<p>Maintenance testing should occur after deploying and delivering the application to the end users. It is a sort of customer service that listens to user queries and fixes the issues encountered by them.</p>



<h3 id="h-what-is-the-importance-of-test-maintenance"><span id="What_is_the_importance_of_test_maintenance">What is the importance of test maintenance?</span></h3>



<p>The importance of test maintenance lies in saving time and cost. It helps to keep tests up-to-date with every source code change and eliminates the need to write new test cases in such situations.</p>


Test Maintenance: Guide On How to Maintain Automated Tests

What is Maintenance Testing in Software Testing?

Static Testing Techniques, Tools, Types, and Benefits


<p>We&#8217;re excited to announce our latest release, packed with new features to take your testing to the next level. We built these features with testing efficiency in mind for quality engineering teams delivering quality releases at speed.</p>



<p>Let&#8217;s begin!</p>



<ol><li><strong>Powerful new API testing capabilities<br></strong>.Our brand new API testing interface comes with powerful features that support real-time API response validation, testing of different API methods <strong>(GET, PUT, POST, DELETE, PATCH)</strong>, and data-driven API testing. <a href="https://testsigma.com/automated-api-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Learn more</a>.&nbsp;</li></ol>



<ol start="2"><li><strong>Concatenate dynamic test data<br></strong>You can now dynamically generate and use multiple different sets of data and concatenate them with Testsigma&#8217;s test data concatenation feature. It lets you easily concatenate any base strings with dynamic user properties and run the same test for as many iterations as you need. Building dynamic tests saves you time and reduces the risk of errors. <a href="https://testsigma.com/docs/test-data/types/concat/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">See documentation</a>.&nbsp;</li></ol>



<ol start="3"><li><strong>Download and white-label PDF reports<br></strong>Generate detailed reports for management reporting or your own audit and analysis for each build. With this feature, you can export reports to PDF, complete with test cases, test steps, and screenshots. Plus, you can include your firm&#8217;s <a href="https://www.goldenflitch.com/blog/how-much-does-logo-design-cost" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">brand logo</a> to ensure the report follows any copyright and company guidelines. Note: This feature is only available to Enterprise users (<a href="https://testsigma.com/docs/reports/export-reports/export-report-pdf/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">See documentation</a>).</li></ol>



<ol start="4"><li><strong>Nested Step Groups<br></strong>Group the test steps that are generally carried out together, and reuse the group everywhere. For instance, in a data-driven test case, you can iterate over user profiles one by one and perform different actions based on the profile type. By creating nested step groups, you can save time and reduce the risk of errors. <a href="https://website.testsigma.com/docs/test-cases/step-types/nested-groups/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Learn more</a></li></ol>



<ol start="5"><li><strong>Disable Test Cases in a Test Plan<br></strong>Sometimes, you know that certain test cases are bound to fail due to known existing bugs. To avoid wasting time on these failures, you can now disable test cases that you don&#8217;t want to run at the moment. This feature allows you to decouple your results from known failures and gives you more control over your testing. <a href="https://testsigma.com/docs/test-management/test-plans/disable-test-cases-in-test-plans/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Know more</a></li></ol>



<ol start="6"><li><strong>Enhance test data mid-execution with new NLP<br></strong>Our new NLP feature lets you write values to test data profile columns during test case execution. For example, if you&#8217;re iterating over a series of SKUs, you can log the price of each SKU from the UI and write it to the desired column for a test data profile. Later, you can use this test data profile in another test case to verify if the prices in another pin code or city are the same. This feature makes it easy to add data from the app being tested to your test data profile or log status for certain actions. <a href="https://testsigma.com/docs/test-data/add-values-to-test-data-profile/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Know more</a></li></ol>



<p><p style="padding-bottom:15px">With these newly released updates, we&#8217;re continuing to enable teams to set up and scale test automation quickly and without coding skills.&nbsp;<br>If you&#8217;re not already a Testsigma user,</p></p>



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<p><p style="padding-top:15px">If you’d like to see the difference that hassle-free automation can make to your release cycles, <a href="https://testsigma.com/request-demo" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">let us know</a>.</p></p>


April '23 feature spotlight New features to supercharge your testing

April ’23 feature spotlight: New features to supercharge your testing

What is Localization Testing Explained With Best Practices

What is Localization Testing? Explained With Best Practices


<p>Companies that can respond quickly to customer needs have an advantage as the digital landscape rapidly changes. Agile emerged as more relevant for an effective business model in the rapidly evolving technology ecosystem than waterfall, which was proven to be cumbersome and slow. Companies adopted agile transformations&nbsp;</p>



<p>across all organizational functions as soon as they realized the value of being agile.&nbsp;</p>



<p>Two of the most widely used approaches in modern software development are agile and DevOps. While they share some similarities, they are also quite distinct in their approaches and objectives. Agile is an approach that stresses iterative and incremental development, with a focus on delivering customer value through frequent releases of working software. The DevOps methodology, on the other hand, focuses on collaboration, automation, and continuous delivery and deployment.&nbsp;</p>



<p>Let’s revisit the fundamentals of Agile and DevOps.&nbsp;</p>



<p>Agile was introduced in 2001 by a group of software practitioners with the aim to develop software better. An agile alliance was formed setting up a few values and principles:</p>



<p>— Iterative development,&nbsp;</p>



<p>— Customer collaboration, and&nbsp;</p>



<p>— Continuous improvement.&nbsp;</p>



<p>The Agile methodology focuses on breaking down a project into small, manageable pieces called iterations or sprints. Each iteration typically lasts from one to four weeks and involves a cross-functional team of developers, designers, testers, and stakeholders who work together to deliver a potentially shippable product increment at the end of each iteration. The goal is to get feedback from customers as early and as often as possible so that the team can make necessary changes and</p>



<p><p style="padding-bottom:30px">improvements to the product. Agile teams typically work in small, cross-functional teams that are self-organizing and empowered to make decisions. </p></p>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" src="https://testsigma.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/Agile.jpg" alt="Testsigma - DevOps for Agile Teams" class="wp-image-28784" width="600" height="400"/></figure></div>



<p style="padding-bottom:30px;padding-top:30px">DevOps on the other hand is a software development approach that stresses cooperation, communication, and integration between development and operations teams to produce software products and services rapidly and efficiently. The phrase &#8220;DevOps&#8221; is a mix of &#8220;development&#8221; and &#8220;operations.” To speed up the software development process and shorten the time it takes to release new features or upgrades to the market, DevOps promotes the use of automation and continuous delivery techniques. By automating the testing, deployment, and monitoring processes, DevOps teams can detect and resolve issues quickly, enabling for faster releases and more frequent upgrades.</p>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" src="https://testsigma.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/DevOps.jpg" alt="Testsigma - DevOps for Agile Teams" class="wp-image-28787" width="600" height="400"/></figure></div>



<p style="padding-top:30px">While agile places a strong emphasis on short iterations, ongoing feedback, and</p>



<p>frequent early value delivery, it places less attention on how to achieve these goals</p>



<p>operationally and improve efficiency even beyond the production release. DevOps</p>



<p>addresses these issues by placing an emphasis on collaboration, automation, and</p>



<p>application monitoring long after it has been released for use in production. One of</p>



<p>the fundamental tenets of DevOps from its conception has been the use of</p>



<p>automation to increase velocity. It is crucial for enhancing developer &amp; test engineer productivity, streamlining the value chain, setting up infrastructure, ensuring security, testing software, and other processes.</p>



<p><br>The sole focus of TestOps, a subset of DevOps, is test automation operations. For</p>



<p>current methods of software development, TestOps is imperative. An application&#8217;s</p>



<p><p style="padding-bottom:15px">overall test and maintenance benefit greatly from the use of tools like Testsigma. Its versatility makes it a standout automation solution that works well with all build tools.</p></p>



<p> <button class="btn bg-primary cta-btn" style="display: block;
    margin: auto;"><a href="https://testsigma.com/signup" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="color:#fff">Streamline your DevOps processes with Testsigma</a></button></p>



<p><p style="padding-bottom:15px">The question then becomes: Should agile teams adopt DevOps? The response is obviously <strong>&#8220;Yes!&#8221;. </strong>Deployment and maintenance will always be behind if operations are kept outside the application development cycle. Organizations eventually suffer the same challenge as a waterfall, which is that it is sluggish and heavy.&nbsp;</p></p>



<p><strong>Here are some of the reasons why organizations still struggle to successfully harness the benefits of DevOps and Agile&nbsp;</strong></p>



<p>1. Agile and DevOps have various cultural foundations and ideals. Whereas DevOps stresses automation and standardization, Agile places a greater emphasis on collaboration and flexibility. It can be tough to reconcile these two cultures, and team members may have different expectations and attitudes to work.</p>



<p>2. Cross-functional teams that operate together seamlessly are necessary for Agile and DevOps. Teams are still often segregated in organizations, and cross functional collaboration may encounter opposition.&nbsp;</p>



<p>3. Continuous delivery and deployment are made possible by DevOps, which mainly relies on automation and tooling. Yet, Agile may not have the same amount of focus on automation and tooling. It can be difficult to integrate DevOps tooling and automation into an Agile process, especially if the current tools and methods are incompatible.&nbsp;</p>



<p>4. The software development process can get very complex when using Agile and DevOps, especially when several teams are involved. Planning ahead, communicating, and working together is essential for managing this complexity.&nbsp;</p>



<p>5. Continuous improvement is emphasized by both Agile and DevOps, however, they could take various approaches to it. DevOps may prioritize monitoring and feedback loops to detect and fix issues rapidly, whereas Agile may focus on retrospectives to find areas for improvement. It might be difficult to strike a balance between the two methods and make sure that both are incorporated into the process.&nbsp;</p>



<p><p style="padding-bottom:30px"><strong>Downsides of not including DevOps in agile teams&nbsp;</strong></p></p>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" width="450" height="236" src="https://testsigma.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/image-61.png" alt="Testsigma - DevOps for Agile Teams" class="wp-image-28429"/></figure></div>



<p><p style="padding-top:30px">1. <strong>Slower delivery</strong>: By automating testing, deployment, and other operations, DevOps practices can speed up the delivery of software. Agile teams may find it difficult to produce software quickly without DevOps, especially if manual processes are necessary.</p></p>



<p>2<strong>. Increased error rates</strong>: Detecting&nbsp;problems early in the development process, DevOps approaches can help lower the error rate of software releases. An Agile team may have increased error rates without DevOps, which could cause delays, rework, and a detrimental effect on client satisfaction.&nbsp;</p>



<p>3.<strong> Siloed teams</strong>: For Agile teams working on challenging projects, DevOps approaches strongly emphasize teamwork and communication. Without DevOps, teams might not coordinate their efforts and communicate effectively, which could result in silos and delays in the development process.&nbsp;</p>



<p>4. <strong>Limited visibility</strong>: By giving teams immediate access to information about the status of software releases, DevOps approaches help them swiftly detect and fix problems. Agile teams might not have as much insight into the state of the development process without DevOps, which could result in delays and missed deadlines.&nbsp;</p>



<p>5. <strong>Increased technical debt</strong>: Continuous integration, delivery, and deployment are essential components of DevOps processes, which can help stop technical debt from building up. Without DevOps, an Agile team would accrue technological debt, which would eventually result in greater expenses and longer development cycles.&nbsp;</p>



<p><strong>Conclusion&nbsp;</strong></p>



<p>Agile and DevOps both aim to speed up and improve the quality of software development; without the other, they are less effective. Companies should place a high priority on feedback, collaboration, and communication to make sure that everyone is working toward the same objectives and that problems are found and fixed right away. </p>



<p>Lack of DevOps in an Agile team can result in technological debt accumulation, siloed teams, higher error rates, and slower delivery. To fully enjoy the advantages of Agile development, DevOps practices must be integrated into Agile teams.</p>


DevOps for Agile Teams: Should Agile teams adopt DevOps?


<p>When a software is in the testing phase, different types of testing techniques and methodologies are followed on different layers. Two such types of testing are functional testing and integration testing. Both play a significant role in ensuring the quality of the product and delivering a top-notch product. In this article, we will discuss functional and integration testing &#8211; when to perform them, the benefits of executing these tests, and then the key differences between them.</p>



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets"><p class="toc_title">Table Of Contents</p><ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#Difference_Between_Functional_and_Integration_Testing_8211_Overview"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">1</span> Difference Between Functional and Integration Testing &#8211; Overview</a></li><li><a href="#Functional_Testing_vs_Integration_Testing_8211_Detailed_Comparison"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">2</span> Functional Testing vs Integration Testing &#8211; Detailed Comparison </a><ul><li><a href="#Purpose"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">2.1</span> Purpose</a></li><li><a href="#Workflow_Comparison"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">2.2</span> Workflow Comparison</a></li><li><a href="#Use_Case_Comparison"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">2.3</span> Use Case Comparison</a></li><li><a href="#Challenges"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">2.4</span> Challenges </a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Functional_Testing_Vs_Integration_Testing_Core_Differences"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">3</span> Functional Testing Vs Integration Testing – Core Differences </a></li><li><a href="#Functional_Testing_and_Integration_Testing_8211_When_to_Automate"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">4</span> Functional Testing and Integration Testing &#8211; When to Automate?</a></li><li><a href="#Wrapping_Up"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">5</span> Wrapping Up</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">6</span> Frequently Asked Questions</a><ul><li><a href="#Is_functional_testing_manual_or_automation"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">6.1</span> Is functional testing manual or automation? </a></li><li><a href="#Is_integration_testing_the_same_as_UAT"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">6.2</span> Is integration testing the same as UAT? </a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-difference-between-functional-and-integration-testing-overview"><span id="Difference_Between_Functional_and_Integration_Testing_8211_Overview"><strong>Difference Between Functional and Integration Testing &#8211; Overview</strong></span></h2>



<p><strong>Functional testing</strong> helps verify that the software works as expected and meets user’s expectations. It is a type of black-box testing that involves testing various aspects of the application, such as user interfaces, APIs, databases, and other system components, to validate that they are working as expected. It doesn&#8217;t involve looking into the internal working of software functions &#8211; just observing output on the appropriate input.</p>



<p><strong>Read all about <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/functional-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Functional Testing</a></strong></p>



<p><strong>Integration testing</strong> is when two or more components are integrated and tested as a whole. It ensures that smaller components are working correctly together after integration and provides an error-free user interface for the end users. It helps to improve the performance and scalability of the software and increase the overall software quality.</p>



<p><strong>Read all about <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/integration-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Integration Testing</a></strong></p>



<h2 id="functional-testing-vs-integration-testing-purpose"><span id="Functional_Testing_vs_Integration_Testing_8211_Detailed_Comparison"><strong>Functional Testing vs Integration Testing &#8211; Detailed Comparison </strong></span></h2>



<h3 id="functional-testing-vs-integration-testing-purpose"><span id="Purpose"><strong>Purpose</strong></span></h3>



<p id="purpose-of-functional-testing"><strong>Purpose of Functional Testing</strong></p>



<p>Functional testing helps verify that the software meets the functional requirements. It ensures that the software behaves as expected and aligns with the business requirements.&nbsp;</p>



<p>It checks everything like the end-to-end workflows, functionality of the application, APIs, database, client-server communication, security, etc. Every functionality is tested with different inputs, and the test result will be compared with the expected output.</p>



<p id="purpose-of-integration-testing"><strong>Purpose of Integration Testing</strong></p>



<p>Integration testing helps test the interactions between different software modules after they have been individually tested.&nbsp;</p>



<p>The main aim of integration testing is to ensure that the integrated components work together as intended and to identify any issues that might arise due to their interactions. Typically, integration is done after unit testing.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 id="workflow-comparison"><span id="Workflow_Comparison"><strong>Workflow Comparison</strong></span></h3>



<p>Let&#8217;s take a look at the workflow difference between the integration test vs functional test,</p>



<p id="functional-testing-workflow"><strong>Functional Testing Workflow</strong></p>



<ul><li>Understand the software requirements and functional specifications provided by the development team or stakeholders.</li><li>Create test cases that cover different functional aspects of the application and test scenarios.</li><li>Now, create a document for the traceability matrix after designing the test cases.</li><li>Create test data and start executing test cases.</li><li>Once the test is complete, compare the actual result with the expected result to validate if the product works as it is intended to be.</li></ul>



<p id="integration-testing-workflow"><strong>Integration Testing Workflow</strong></p>



<ul><li>Understand the requirements and specifications provided by the developers.</li><li>First, divide the application into smaller modules and understand each module&#8217;s functionality.&nbsp;</li><li>Next, find where you start and finish in each part and create a test plan.&nbsp;</li><li>Choose the best integration testing approach based on the app&#8217;s needs and identify test conditions.</li><li>Then, start to design test cases to perform integration testing and analyze the results.</li></ul>



<h3 id="use-case-comparison"><span id="Use_Case_Comparison"><strong>Use Case Comparison</strong></span></h3>



<p>Functional testing and integration testing are both critical aspects of the software testing process, but they serve different purposes and focus on different aspects of a software application. Let&#8217;s consider different use cases to understand this,</p>



<p id="functional-testing-use-case"><strong>Functional Testing Use Case</strong></p>



<p>Use Case: Consider you are <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/ecommerce-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">testing an e-commerce application</a>&#8216;s shopping cart functionality.</p>



<ul><li><strong>User Scenario:</strong> Add to Cart Functionality</li><li><strong>Test Description:</strong> Test the cart&#8217;s functionality. That is, when a user adds a product to the cart, the cart should be updated with the correct name, price, and quantity of the product.</li><li><strong>Expected Result:</strong> The application should accurately update the cart and show the correct product details.</li></ul>



<p id="integration-testing-use-case"><strong>Integration Testing Use Case</strong></p>



<p>Use Case: Consider an e-commerce website where users can browse products, add them to their cart, and proceed to checkout. The website is made up of several components: a product catalog, a shopping cart, a user authentication system, and a payment gateway.</p>



<ul><li><strong>User Scenario:</strong> Test the interactions between these components to ensure they work as expected.</li><li><strong>Integration Test:</strong> Test the cart module, checkout module, etc. That is, adding multiple products to the cart and verifying the cart&#8217;s accuracy. Next, add a product to the cart, log out, and then log in again to ensure the cart items are retained. Then, add products to the cart, proceed to checkout, and verify that the payment gateway works correctly.</li><li><strong>Expected Outcome:</strong> The user should be able to browse products, add items to the cart, login, proceed to checkout, and complete the payment.</li></ul>



<h3 id="challenges"><span id="Challenges"><strong>Challenges </strong></span></h3>



<p>Let&#8217;s take a look at the challenges between integration testing vs functional testing,</p>



<p id="challenges-of-functional-testing"><strong>Challenges of Functional Testing</strong></p>



<ul><li>Designing comprehensive and effective test cases for all possible functional scenarios can be complex and time-consuming.&nbsp;</li><li>Functional testing can become complex when requirements change frequently, requiring constant updates to test cases and test data.</li><li>Functional changes or bug fixes in one area of the software can unintentionally impact other areas. Ensuring that new functional additions don&#8217;t break existing functionality requires robust regression testing. Get here the Comparison between <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/regression-testing-vs-integration-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Regression Testing vs Integration Testing</a></li><li>Defining clear test requirements for every change is difficult due to the detailed and measurable information they contain.</li><li>Keeping a simple report to decide whether something works or not with functional tests might not work well. This is because reports are divided based on features and defects.</li><li>It takes a long time to fix recurring issues and to set up the test environment.</li><li>Creating test metrics to analyze and improve applications is challenging due to software complexities and varying test requirements.</li></ul>



<p id="challenges-of-integration-testing"><strong>Challenges of Integration Testing</strong></p>



<ul><li>When you replace mock data with real modules, you might find new bugs.</li><li>It is time-consuming and needs good coding skills to create integration tests because programs and data required for testing are mocked. </li><li>It is difficult to understand the logic because the software code is written by multiple teams separately.</li><li>It is difficult to understand the code because it is written by different teams separately.</li><li>Testing integrated parts of the software is complicated because various things like the database, platform, and software environment affect the tests.</li><li>Choosing the right testing approach can become harder when you have multiple options to consider.</li><li>Integration testing gets even more complex when external features, tools, and libraries from different companies with their own dependencies are involved.</li></ul>



<p>Check here &#8211; <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/big-bang-integration-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Big Bang Integration Testing</a></p>



<h2 id="functional-testing-vs-integration-testing-core-differences"><span id="Functional_Testing_Vs_Integration_Testing_Core_Differences"><strong>Functional Testing Vs Integration Testing – Core Differences </strong></span></h2>



<p>The table below depicts the integration test vs functional test core differences,</p>



<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Functional Testing</strong></td><td><strong>Integration Testing</strong></td></tr><tr><td>Helps verify that the software is functioning as expected and meets the user&#8217;s requirements</td><td>Helps test how different software modules interact with each other</td></tr><tr><td>Executed by testers</td><td>Executed by testers and developers</td></tr><tr><td>Helps identify issues that might interrupt the application&#8217;s working</td><td>Helps identify issues that might occur while integrating different components</td></tr><tr><td>It is performed before integration testing</td><td>It is performed after unit testing and functional and before system testing</td></tr><tr><td>It is quite complex when compared to integration testing, as the entire application is tested.</td><td>It is less complex as we test the modules.</td></tr><tr><td>It uses the black-box technique.</td><td>It uses the gray box testing technique (both white box and black box testing)</td></tr><tr><td>Tools used &#8211; Testsigma, Selenium, Katalon, Tricentis, etc.</td><td>Tools used &#8211; Testsigma, Selenium, JUnit</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>



<h2 id="h-functional-testing-and-integration-testing-when-to-automate"><span id="Functional_Testing_and_Integration_Testing_8211_When_to_Automate"><strong>Functional Testing and Integration Testing</strong> &#8211; <strong>When to Automate?</strong></span></h2>



<p>You should automate the functional and integration testing if you repeatedly execute the same functional and integration tests, and you see an ROI on automating them. <a href="https://testsigma.com/automated-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Automated testing</a>, when planned and executed well, reduces the total time and effort required to perform testing, thus accelerating the time to market, and also provides an ROI.</p>



<p><a href="https://testsigma.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Testsigma</a> is a powerful test automation tool that lets you automate web, mobile, and desktop applications in the same place. It is an AI-driven platform that lets you create test cases in plain English, which makes the testing 10x faster.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image is-resized"><img loading="lazy" src="https://images.storychief.com/account_36412/image_94755119bdfe2d7dfa2cde9844b93e72_2000.png" alt="Functioanl Testing vs Integration Testing" width="840" height="399"/></figure>



<p>The following are some of the top benefits offered by Testsigma,</p>



<ul><li>It is a no-code test automation tool that lets you author simple and complex tests in simple English</li><li>It is very simple and easy to use</li><li>Also comes with a record and play feature to record user actions and later automate them as test cases on the cloud.</li><li><a href="https://testsigma.com/automated-cross-browser-testing-tool" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Automate cross-browser testing</a> across 3000+ real devices and 1000+ browser/OS combos.</li><li>A no-code test automation tool that does not require coding to write test scripts</li><li>Automate your web, mobile, desktop, and API tests in one place</li><li>Easy test maintenance on the cloud</li><li>No need to download any tools or frameworks</li><li>Supports parallel test execution</li></ul>



<p>Testsigma is also available as an open source and free version.Start automating your functional and integration tests with Testsigma Open Source</p>



<h2 id="h-wrapping-up"><span id="Wrapping_Up"><strong>Wrapping Up</strong></span></h2>



<p>Functional testing and integration testing are closely related to each other, but they are not the same. We hope that this article helped you understand them and their differences better.</p>



<h2 id="h-frequently-asked-questions"><span id="Frequently_Asked_Questions"><strong>Frequently Asked Questions</strong></span></h2>



<h3 id="h-is-functional-testing-manual-or-automation"><span id="Is_functional_testing_manual_or_automation">Is functional testing manual or automation? <strong></strong></span></h3>



<p>Functional testing can be both manual and automated. Manual functional testing involves human testers executing test cases manually to verify the software&#8217;s functionality. On the other hand, <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/automated-functional-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">automated functional testing</a> involves using automation testing tools to execute test cases and compare actual results with expected results. Automated functional testing is typically faster, more efficient, and repeatable than manual testing.</p>



<h3 id="h-is-integration-testing-the-same-as-uat"><span id="Is_integration_testing_the_same_as_UAT">Is integration testing the same as UAT? <strong></strong></span></h3>



<p>No, integration testing is not the same as user acceptance testing (UAT). They both serve different purposes in the <a href="https://aws.amazon.com/what-is/sdlc/#:~:text=The%20software%20development%20lifecycle%20(SDLC,expectations%20during%20production%20and%20beyond." target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">SDLC</a>. Integration testing is focused on verifying the interactions between different modules of the application, while UAT is focused on validating the software from the perspective of end-users.</p>



Integration testing vs End To End Testing
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Unit Testing vs Integration Testing
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Functional testing tools
https://testsigma.com/tools/functional-testing-tools/


Functional testing vs Non Functional Testing
<blockquote class="wp-embedded-content" data-secret="f9t0gZMp7N"><a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/functional-and-non-functional-testing/">Functional Testing VS Non Functional Testing &#8211; Key Differences</a></blockquote><iframe class="wp-embedded-content" sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);" title="&#8220;Functional Testing VS Non Functional Testing &#8211; Key Differences&#8221; &#8212; Testsigma Blog" src="https://testsigma.com/blog/functional-and-non-functional-testing/embed/#?secret=KoFBph8xOs#?secret=f9t0gZMp7N" data-secret="f9t0gZMp7N" width="500" height="282" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"></iframe>


Functional Testing Vs Integration Testing - Key Differences

Functional Testing Vs Integration Testing – Key Differences

How Testers can communicate Effectively in Today's Business World

How Testers can communicate Effectively in Today’s Business World

Introductory and Essential Performance Testing Guide to the Beginners

Performance Testing | What it is, Types & How to Perform?


<p>An application undergoes testing way more than it goes through the development and modification phases. First, developers perform <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/unit-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Unit testing</a>. Then after production is complete, QA verifies multiple aspects, including Performance, Functionality, Integration, Regression, UI, and more. Evidently, having a collective of software, test data, test drivers and stubs, and <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/automation-testing-tools/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">testing tools</a> to validate&nbsp;an application under varying conditions will simplify the testing process; this collection is called a Test Harness. Especially, test harness refers to drivers and stubs, which are programs that interact with the application under test (AUT). Often used synonymously with an <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/test-automation-frameworks/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">automated test framework</a>, a Test harness is a group of all the elements, tools, and data you require to check an application under test (AUT) in different situations. We outline this topic in the blog to help you understand why and how test harnesses are imperative for your business.</p>



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets"><p class="toc_title">Table Of Contents</p><ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#What_is_Test_Harness"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">1</span> What is Test Harness?</a></li><li><a href="#Why_Use_Test_Harness"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">2</span> Why Use Test Harness?</a></li><li><a href="#Benefits_of_Test_Harness"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">3</span> Benefits of Test Harness</a></li><li><a href="#Key_Features_of_the_Test_Harness"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">4</span> Key Features of the Test Harness</a></li><li><a href="#When_and_Where_to_Use_Test_Harness"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">5</span> When and Where to Use Test Harness?</a><ul><li><a href="#Automation_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">5.1</span> Automation Testing</a></li><li><a href="#Integration_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">5.2</span> Integration Testing</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Examples_of_Test_Harnesses"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">6</span> Examples of Test Harnesses</a></li><li><a href="#Test_Harness_vs_Test_Framework"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">7</span> Test Harness vs Test Framework</a></li><li><a href="#Wrapping_it_up"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">8</span> Wrapping it up!</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">9</span> Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)</a><ul><li><a href="#Why_is_it_called_a_test_harness"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">9.1</span> Why is it called a test harness?</a></li><li><a href="#What_is_the_context_where_the_test_harness_is_used"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">9.2</span> What is the context where the test harness is used?</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-what-is-test-harness"><span id="What_is_Test_Harness"><strong>What is Test Harness?</strong></span></h2>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter"><img src="https://images.storychief.com/account_36412/test-harness-image-1_061a27db45fc685c1f2ad9aacdcd572b_2000.jpg" alt="Test harness stages"/><figcaption><a href="https://www.tutorialspoint.com/what-is-a-test-harness-tools-examples" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Test harness stages</a></figcaption></figure></div>



<p>As mentioned earlier, a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_harness" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Test harness</a> is a collection of testing tools, test data, software, drivers, and more to facilitate the software test automation process. It consists of all the detailed equipment and elements a test automation process requires. Once the test automation is complete, the behavior and output of the application testing process are monitored. A subsequent report is also generated.</p>



<p>It is an essential part of the <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/software-testing-strategy/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">software testing strategy</a> that assists QAs in testing each application feature in detail. It includes executing automated test cases to generate the output and <a href="https://testsigma.com/reports" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">reporting</a> them to developers. Then, coders can analyze the reports to identify the issues and perform the necessary fixes.</p>



<h2 id="h-why-use-test-harness"><span id="Why_Use_Test_Harness"><strong>Why Use Test Harness?</strong></span></h2>



<p>The primary reason to use a test harness is that they are external to the AUT. And replicate the resources or elements that are still unavailable in the test environment. For instance, if you have an application with different modules that require connection with other systems, a test harness can help you out. If the external system is not yet available during the development phase, you should create a test harness as a replacement to continue with the testing process.</p>



<p>Another reason is that a&nbsp;test harness consists of the test execution engine and the test script repository. The former is the software that performs the test, and the test script repository is the location to store test scripts and cases. This way, you have all the necessary testing requirements in one place, which are all easily accessible.</p>



<h2 id="h-benefits-of-test-harness"><span id="Benefits_of_Test_Harness"><strong>Benefits of Test Harness</strong></span></h2>



<p>There are numerous benefits to using a test harness for the testing process. We list down a few of them here:</p>



<ul><li>It helps automate the testing process to simplify and improve overall productivity.</li><li>It contains all the necessary tools and data to execute test cases and suites in one place.</li><li>Developers receive a detailed report with all the relevant information to pinpoint the issues found during the automated testing process.</li><li>It helps developers to measure the test coverage at the code level with high accuracy.</li><li>Test harness&nbsp;in software testing helps to simulate and handle complex conditions to support testers in efficiently managing such situations.</li><li>It is instrumental in debugging and enhancing software quality.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-key-features-of-the-test-harness"><span id="Key_Features_of_the_Test_Harness"><strong>Key Features of the Test Harness</strong></span></h2>



<p>While the benefits of a test harness will aid you in understanding the necessity of the process, the key features will help you find the exact reason why you should opt for a test harness.</p>



<ul><li>Supports automation of tests</li><li>Monitors and record test results</li><li>Provides flexibility and support for debugging</li><li>It helps developers measure the test coverage</li><li>Execute test suites in the right testing framework</li><li>Manage and input data tests in the AUT</li><li>Supports test case optimization</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-when-and-where-to-use-test-harness"><span id="When_and_Where_to_Use_Test_Harness"><strong>When and Where to Use Test Harness?</strong></span></h2>



<p>There are multiple instances where you can use the test harness. But predominantly, there are two major tests that benefit mainly from using a test harness: Automation and Integration testing. Let&#8217;s discuss them one by one.</p>



<h3 id="h-automation-testing"><span id="Automation_Testing">Automation Testing</span></h3>



<p>In automation testing, test harness functions as a framework that consists of test scripts to run different tests and generate reports with the results of all the executions. Developers can analyze the report to identify the issues, if any, and make improvements.</p>



<p>Often, the right approach to automation testing is when there is a need for running repetitive tests, complex test scenarios, smoke testing, data-driven, and performance testing.</p>



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<p>One instance we can talk about is verifying the data before moving it to the testing tool and receiving proper reporting and analytics for the same. Testsigma data management, along with the feature to get the right report and analytics, allows you to add to your test harness system and improve the testing ability multifold.</p>



<h3 id="h-integration-testing"><span id="Integration_Testing">Integration Testing</span></h3>



<p>We know that Integration testing is validating the connection between two sub-systems of an application to check if they are logically working as per the requirement. And In Integration testing, many developers rely on stubs and drivers to complete the system for testing. Stubs/drivers take the place of the missing module to enable testers to continue the testing process. Without them, they would have to wait for developers to finish working on all the modules, integrate them, and then start the testing process. In case you have to combine the homepage with the login page and add a payment gateway, integration testing comes into the picture here.</p>



<p>First, you must logically connect all these separate elements and test the flow of data between them. Perform unit testing on the login page and check if it integrates logically with the payment feature. But if any of these two pages are missing, a part of the test harness can act as a stub or a driver to replace the modules and continue the testing.</p>



<p>Here, the test harness includes all the documents and tools for planning, designing, developing, and using stubs and drivers to perform Integration testing.</p>



<h2 id="h-examples-of-test-harnesses"><span id="Examples_of_Test_Harnesses"><strong>Examples of Test Harnesses</strong></span></h2>



<p>Let’s take some examples of test harnesses. </p>



<p>1. Consider an e-commerce application that offers users décor items. The website&nbsp;consists of several modules: homepage, product pages, cart, Wishlist, and payment gateway, to name a few. You need to test every feature of the site and ensure that no issues slip away. However, it is difficult to perform the entire testing process in one single shot. With Testsigma, you can run the test cases across 3000+ real devices and browsers. Your testers do not need to spend much time writing test cases and maintaining input data. Testsigma allows you no-code testing with test data management options. And you receive reports and analytics documents to share with all your stakeholders. You can also integrate our test automation tool with&nbsp;multiple bug-tracking tools, CI/CD software, and collaboration platforms. And all of these different aspects would come under test harness for this particular testing.</p>



<p>2. Another example is in terms of integration testing, which undertakes two or more elements to make a functioning system. We can take the example of a login page (of the above e-commerce website) that takes the user to a dashboard with their purchase history, settings, notifications, saved addresses, and more. First, you would need to establish a logical connection between all these modules and check how they are linked. Then, you must execute integration tests on all the features. The test harness, in this case, will include all the systems, requirement documents, test scripts, automation tools, and stubs/drivers corresponding to any missing modules.</p>



<p>3. Suppose you are doing Functional testing using Testsigma tool to organize, manage, execute, and monitor the scripts along with handling the test data. For this, the test harness would be Testsigma, test data, test cases, test scripts and their storage location, test results, and elements that compare and monitor test results. And you can handle all these attributes using Testsigma tool easily. </p>



<p>4. For Unit testing, developers execute the testing process on the code or module they worked on. The test harness for Unit testing would include the test code developers create, the tool they use to run the script, and the output they receive.</p>



<h2 id="h-test-harness-vs-test-framework"><span id="Test_Harness_vs_Test_Framework"><strong>Test Harness vs Test Framework</strong></span></h2>


<p style="padding-bottom:30px">While test harness and test framework are usually thought to be similar, they have small, visible differences. Here are some of the clear differences between a test harness and a test framework.</p>


<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Test Harness</strong></td><td><strong>Test Framework</strong></td></tr><tr><td>It is a collection of drivers and stubs that are a requirement in software testing</td><td>It is a set of procedures, processes, and test environments in the automation testing setting</td></tr><tr><td>Record &amp; Playback testing option is not available</td><td>Record &amp; Playback testing option is available</td></tr><tr><td>Covers all the relevant information for compiling, testing, and software deployment</td><td>It consists of information like test libraries, scripts, tools, test environment, and so on</td></tr><tr><td>Comes in two categories: automation and integration testing</td><td>Comes in multiple testing categories: data-driven, code-based, keyword-driven, hybrid, and more</td></tr><tr><td>It is specific to the testing</td><td>It is a generic process</td></tr><tr><td>Contains a collection of dummy programs to maintain a relation with application under test</td><td>Contains a collection of dummy programs to maintain a relation with application under test&nbsp;<br>Consists of logical concepts, environments, and so to design and run the tests&nbsp;</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>



<br><h2 id="h-wrapping-it-up"><span id="Wrapping_it_up">Wrapping it up!</span></h2>



<p>Testing an application requires data, test scripts, test environments, output recording and analysis, and integrations. And no matter how much you try, you cannot check all the aspects of your software in one shot. Having a test harness helps you to keep a collection of all the necessary features, tools, data, and more to make your testing process smooth and easy to conduct. All you have to do is gather the required materials and use them whenever the situation calls for it.</p>



<p>Your best bet to use a test harness for your software testing purpose is to use tools that support the process. Testsigma is a test automation tool that consists of several features ranging from test data management and <a href="https://testsigma.com/automated-data-driven-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">data-driven testing</a> to <a href="https://testsigma.com/regression-testing/automated-regression-testing-tool" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">regression testing</a> and report and analytics, which are all the essential parts of a test harness. Check out the tool demo <a href="https://testsigma.com/request-demo" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">here</a> and sign up for a <a href="https://testsigma.com/signup" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">free trial</a> to see our tool in action. </p>



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<br><h2 id="h-frequently-asked-questions-faqs"><span id="Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs">Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)</span></h2>



<h3 id="h-why-is-it-called-a-test-harness"><span id="Why_is_it_called_a_test_harness">Why is it called a test harness?</span></h3>



<p>Harness refers to a tool or equipment to control something. Test harness derives the meaning from the same idea. It means having a collection of tools or equipment in one place to perform the testing process.</p>



<h3 id="h-what-is-the-context-where-the-test-harness-is-used"><span id="What_is_the_context_where_the_test_harness_is_used">What is the context where the test harness is used?</span></h3>



<p>A test harness is used in two places for software testing: Automation testing and Integration testing. In automation testing, it is used for running test scripts and storing test data. In integration testing, the test harness uses stubs and drivers to replace missing modules.</p>


Test Harness in Software Testing Usage, Examples, and Benefits