Technology has revolutionized businesses&#8217; operations, and OCR is one of the most transformative advancements.&nbsp;



We are here to explore all about OCR, the OCR test in <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/software-testing/">software testing</a>, its benefits, and how to create and automate it for efficient and error-free data management.&nbsp;



This blog is a must-read for a detailed vision and valuable insights into OCR and the OCR test and its practical applications.&nbsp;



Let&#8217;s explore!



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#What_is_OCR_testing">1 What is OCR testing?</a></li><li><a href="#When_to_Use_Optical_Character_RecognitionOCR">2 When to Use Optical Character Recognition(OCR)?</a></li><li><a href="#How_OCR_Test_work">3 How OCR Test work?</a></li><li><a href="#How_to_Create_OCR_Tests">4 How to Create OCR Tests?</a><ul><li><a href="#Manual_OCR_Test">4.1 Manual OCR Test</a></li><li><a href="#OCR_Test_Automation">4.2 OCR Test Automation</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Benefits_of_OCR_Test">5 Benefits of OCR Test</a></li><li><a href="#Limitations_of_the_OCR_Test">6 Limitations of the OCR Test</a></li><li><a href="#How_to_Get_Started_with_OCR_Test_Automation_in_Testsigma">7 How to Get Started with OCR Test Automation in Testsigma?</a></li><li><a href="#Conclusion">8 Conclusion</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions">9 Frequently Asked Questions</a><ul><li><a href="#How_to_create_OCR_Text_Extraction">9.1 How to create OCR Text Extraction?</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-what-is-ocr-testing">What is OCR testing?</h2>



Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is the electronic or mechanical conversion of images of typed, handwritten, or printed text into machine-readable text format.



It is used in a wide range of applications, such as:



<ul><li>Converting scanned documents into editable text files</li><li>Extracting text from images for search and indexing</li><li>Transcribing handwritten notes and documents</li><li>Recognizing text on signs and labels</li><li>Automating data entry</li></ul>



Do you want to know how it works?



OCR works by first converting the image into a black-and-white bitmap. The OCR software then analyzes the bitmap to identify characters. This is done by comparing the pixels in the bitmap to a database of character templates. Once the characters have been identified, the OCR software converts them into a machine-encoded text format.&nbsp;



Let&#8217;s see how accurate this technique is.



The accuracy of OCR depends on many factors, including the quality of the image, the size and font of the text, and the complexity of the layout. In general, OCR is very accurate for typed and printed text. However, it can be more challenging to recognize handwritten text, especially if it needs to be better written.



In real life, how OCR can be used:



<ul><li>A business can use OCR to scan and convert paper invoices and receipts into electronic form. This can save time and money on manual data entry.</li><li>A library can use OCR to scan and digitize its collection of books and documents. This makes the collection more accessible to researchers and the public.</li><li>A school can use OCR to scan and grade student exams and essays. This can free up teachers&#8217; time to focus on other tasks.</li><li>A hospital can use OCR to scan and digitize patient records. This can make it easier for doctors and nurses to access patient information.</li></ul>



OCR is a versatile and powerful tool that can be used to improve efficiency and productivity in a wide range of industries.



<h2 id="h-when-to-use-optical-character-recognition-ocr">When to Use Optical Character Recognition(OCR)?</h2>



Text extraction from images is a challenging task, as OCR systems need to accurately recognize a wide variety of fonts, styles, and sizes of text, even in images with poor quality or complex backgrounds.&nbsp;



Use it to



<ul><li>Digitize physical documents: OCR can convert scanned documents, such as invoices, contracts, and receipts, into digital files that can be easily searched, edited, and shared.</li><li>Extract text from images: OCR can be used to <a href="https://www.imagetotext.io/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">extract text from images</a>, such as photos of signs, billboards, and product packaging. This can be useful for tasks such as data entry, research, and archiving.</li><li>Make images accessible: OCR can make images accessible to people with visual impairments by converting the text in the image to a machine-readable format.</li></ul>



Here are some specific examples:



<ul><li>To extract text from a scanned PDF file: You have a scanned PDF file of an important document, such as a contract or lease agreement. You need to be able to search and edit the text in the document, but the scanned PDF file is not searchable. You can use OCR to convert the scanned PDF file into a searchable PDF file.</li><li>To extract text from a photo of a sign: You are at a conference, and you see a sign with a list of speakers and their topics. You want to add the information to your calendar, but you want to type only some of it manually. You can use OCR to extract the text from the photo of the sign and then add it to your calendar.</li><li>To make a website accessible: You are developing a website and want to make it accessible to people with visual impairments. You can use OCR to convert the text on your website into a machine-readable format. This will allow screen readers to read the text to people who are blind or have low vision.</li></ul>



OCR technology has improved significantly in recent years, and it is now possible to extract text from images with high accuracy.



<h2 id="h-how-ocr-test-work">How OCR Test work?</h2>



OCR testing uses Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software to extract and convert data from physical documents into a digital format. We have previously read about the working under the how it works section. Here we can look in detail:



The OCR software analyzes the image of the document and identifies individual characters based on their shape and features. The software then outputs the extracted data in many formats, such as text, CSV, XML, and JSON.



OCR testing can be used to test a variety of documents, including invoices, purchase orders, contracts, and legal documents. It can also be used to test scanned images of handwritten documents.



Here are the steps involved in OCR testing:



<ol><li>Scan the document</li></ol>



The first step is to scan the physical document into a digital image. This can be done using a flatbed scanner, a document scanner, or a mobile device with a camera.



<ol start="2"><li>Load the image into the OCR software</li></ol>



Once the document has been scanned, it needs to be loaded into the OCR software. The software will then analyze the image and identify the individual characters.



<ol start="3"><li>Extract the data</li></ol>



The OCR software will then extract the data from the document and convert it into a digital format. The user can specify the format of the output data.



<ol start="4"><li>Verify the data&nbsp;</li></ol>



Once the data has been extracted, it is important to verify it to ensure accuracy. This can be done manually or by using a data validation tool.



OCR testing can be used to automate a variety of data entry tasks.&nbsp;



For example, an OCR testing script could automatically extract data from invoices and import it into an accounting system. We can quote many different examples according to the application.



OCR gives you a quick way.



Then, you have to&nbsp;



do a little bit of editing at the end.



<h2 id="h-how-to-create-ocr-tests">How to Create OCR Tests?</h2>



To create OCR tests, you can use a manual or automated approach. Let us look in detail at these two:&nbsp;



<h3 id="h-manual-ocr-test">Manual OCR Test</h3>



<ol><li>Prepare the image of the text you want to extract.</li><li>Use an OCR tool to get the text from the image.</li><li>Compare the extracted text to the expected text.</li></ol>



Here is an example of a manual OCR test:



Test case: Verify that the text &#8220;Hello, world!&#8221; is displayed on the screen.



Steps:



<ol><li>Take a screenshot of the screen.</li><li>Use an OCR tool to pull the text from the screenshot.</li><li>Compare the extracted text to the expected text (&#8220;Hello, world!&#8221;).</li><li>The test passes if the extracted text matches the predicted text. Otherwise, the test fails.</li></ol>



<h3 id="h-ocr-test-automation">OCR Test Automation</h3>



<ol><li>Choose an automation framework that supports OCR.</li><li>Record a test that extracts the text from the image and compares it to the expected text.</li><li>Run the test to verify that the extracted text is correct.</li></ol>



🧞Tips for creating better OCR tests:



<ul><li>Use high-quality images for the best results.</li><li>Ensure that the image&#8217;s text is clear and easy to read.</li><li>Use an OCR tool compatible with the type of text you are trying to extract.</li><li>Test the OCR tool on different images before using it in production.</li><li>Use a variety of test cases to cover different scenarios.</li></ul>



You can use manual or automated OCR tests; the best approach for you will depend on your specific needs and requirements.



<h2 id="h-benefits-of-ocr-test">Benefits of OCR Test</h2>



OCR tests can provide several benefits, including:



<ul><li>Improved accessibility: OCR tests can help to make text-based content more accessible to people with disabilities.&nbsp;</li></ul>



For example, OCR tests can convert scanned documents into text formats that screen readers can read.



OCR makes your job easy!



<ul><li>Improved accuracy: OCR tests can help to identify and correct errors in the text extracted from images and scanned documents. This can lead to improved accuracy in data entry and processing.</li></ul>



<ul><li>Reduced time &amp; costs: It can reduce the time and costs associated with manual data entry. This is because OCR tests can extract text from images and scanned documents much faster than humans. OCR tests can be automated, which can save time and money.</li></ul>



<ul><li>Increased efficiency: OCR tests can increase the efficiency of your testing process. This is because OCR tests can be run quickly and efficiently and can be used to test many images simultaneously.</li></ul>



<ul><li>Improved quality: OCR tests can help improve your application&#8217;s quality. This is because OCR tests can help identify and fix text errors, such as spelling and grammatical errors.</li></ul>



<ul><li>Enhanced security: OCR tests can be used to enhance the security of text-based data. For example, OCR tests can verify documents&#8217; authenticity and detect fraud.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-limitations-of-the-ocr-test">Limitations of the OCR Test</h2>



The three major limitations of OCR tests are:



<ol><li>Accuracy: OCR tests are not 100% accurate. The accuracy of an OCR test depends on many factors, including the quality of the image, the type of text being extracted, and the OCR tool being used.</li><li>Cost: OCR testing tools can be expensive, especially for enterprise-grade solutions.</li><li>Complexity: OCR testing can be complex, especially for applications that involve the extraction of text from complex images or documents.</li></ol>



Some other limitations of OCR tests include:



<ul><li>Handwritten text: OCR tests are not helpful when they pull text from handwritten documents.</li><li>Low-quality images: OCR tests could better extract text from low-quality images.</li><li>Complex layouts: OCR tests can have difficulty extracting text from documents with complex layouts, such as tables and charts.</li><li>Foreign languages: OCR tests could better pull text from documents written in foreign languages.</li></ul>



Despite these limitations, OCR tests can be a valuable tool for businesses and organizations. By automating the process of text extraction, OCR tests can improve accuracy, reduce costs, increase efficiency, and enhance security.



<h2 id="h-how-to-get-started-with-ocr-test-automation-in-testsigma">How to Get Started with OCR Test Automation in Testsigma?</h2>



Optical Character Recognition (OCR) testing can be used to <a href="https://testsigma.com/automated-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">automate testing</a> in automation tools like Testsigma for elements like Canvas and frameworks like Flutter that cannot be interacted with.



For example, Take the login page of any website. To automate the page, you must identify elements like username and password.&nbsp;



If you cannot inspect an element, you can take a screenshot of the entire page or pass the web element or the text on which you want to act. Now, use OCR to extract the text coordinates and then use the coordinates to interact with the elements.



Here is an example of a test case that uses an OCR addon to automate a website&#8217;s login page:



Test Case: Login to Website&nbsp;



Steps to create an OCR addon:



1. Take a Screenshot of the Login Page.



2. Extract Text Coordinates of Username Element



3. Click on Username Element



4. Type in Username



5. Extract Text Coordinates of Password Element



6. Click on Password Element



7. Type in Password



8. Click on the Login Button



This test case will take a screenshot of the login page, extract the text coordinates of the username and password elements, click on the elements, type in the username and password, and then click on the login button.



Testsigma <a href="https://testsigma.com/docs/addons/ocr-extraction/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">OCR extraction</a>:



In the GIF below, you can see how OCR test automation is done in Testsigma.&nbsp;



Steps:



<ol><li>Navigate to travel.testsigma.com</li><li>Choose the test data element (eg: ROUND).</li><li>Choose the system specifications and execute the test cases.</li><li>The test passes if the extracted text matches the expected text.&nbsp;</li><li>Otherwise, the test fails.</li></ol>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter"><img src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/0KK495nyXCV387taV6Qewc7hjpEmVRZ6NNBiuQow6nPddaz0WdKEiczEFVvOFRpLao0UYDc939b9CcSp8X3EA3sVqanJT4d2SmpUlSmHHLhTZUHBouvZe7sgDB_u8152qnKNagt3NvbN61TYE3fNFS8" alt="Testsigma - Test automation platform"/></figure></div>



 <button class="btn bg-primary cta-btn" style="margin: auto"><a href="https://testsigma.com/signup" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="color:#fff">Automate your OCR tests and other tests for your web, mobile and desktop applications, 10x faster, with Testsigma</a></button> 



<h2 id="h-conclusion">Conclusion</h2>



If you are considering using OCR tests, evaluating your needs and requirements is essential. You should also choose an OCR testing tool compatible with the type of text you are trying to extract and the images or documents you are working with.



OCR tests are a powerful tool that can help you to improve the quality of your software and to automate your testing processes.



<h2 id="h-frequently-asked-questions">Frequently Asked Questions</h2>



<h3 id="h-how-to-create-ocr-text-extraction">How to create OCR Text Extraction?</h3>



<ol><li>Use an OCR tool to extract the text from the image or scanned document.</li><li>Save the extracted text to a file or a variable.</li></ol>



You can then use the extracted text in your application or test case.

What is the OCR Test How to Create & Automate It

What is the OCR Test? | How to Create & Automate It?

Ah, Internet Explorer, the venerable browser that once reigned supreme in the World Wide Web.&nbsp;Though times have evolved, and Internet Explorer may have faded from the limelight, some businesses and organizations still use it.&nbsp;We discuss Internet Explorer and IE Testing in detail in this blog. Read on!



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#Internet_Explorer_8211_History_and_Versions">1 Internet Explorer &#8211; History and Versions</a></li><li><a href="#Internet_Explorer_Testing">2 Internet Explorer Testing</a></li><li><a href="#Why_is_it_Critical_to_Test_Your_Websites_on_Internet_Explorer">3 Why is it Critical to Test Your Websites on Internet Explorer?</a></li><li><a href="#How_do_I_Test_my_Website_on_Internet_Explorer_11_Browser">4 How do I Test my Website on Internet Explorer 11 Browser?</a></li><li><a href="#What_are_the_Advantages_Disadvantages_of_IE">5 What are the Advantages &amp; Disadvantages of IE?</a></li><li><a href="#Is_Internet_Explorer_no_longer_available">6 Is Internet Explorer no longer available?</a></li><li><a href="#When_and_How_do_you_go_Beyond_Testing_Internet_Explorer">7 When and How do you go Beyond Testing Internet Explorer?</a><ul><li><a href="#When_should_you_Stop_Testing_with_Internet_Explorer">7.1 When should you Stop Testing with Internet Explorer?</a></li><li><a href="#How_to_Move_Beyond_IE_Testing">7.2 How to Move Beyond IE Testing?</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Takeaway">8 Takeaway</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions">9 Frequently Asked Questions</a><ul><li><a href="#What_is_a_remote_Internet_Explorer_browser">9.1 What is a remote Internet Explorer browser?</a></li><li><a href="#Can_I_test_for_other_Internet_Explorer_IE_versions">9.2 Can I test for other Internet Explorer (IE) versions?</a></li><li><a href="#Can_I_use_macOS_or_Linux_to_test_on_IE">9.3 Can I use macOS or Linux to test on IE?</a></li><li><a href="#What_was_the_most_common_bug_in_the_Internet_Explorer_test">9.4 What was the most common bug in the Internet Explorer test?</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="internet-explorer-history-and-versions">Internet Explorer &#8211; History and Versions</h2>



Are you ready to dig in the sand and discover history?



Internet Explorer: A Brief History



Microsoft developed Internet Explorer (IE) as a web browser. It enjoyed a position of dominance among browsers for a long time but later lost its popularity with the advent of tough competition from Chrome, Firefox, and Safari.



Early Days and Dominance



First versions: The initial Internet Explorer versions were distributed as part of the Windows operating system installation, which ensured that millions of users had it set as their default browser.



Rise to dominance: IE captured a large share of the market during the late 1990s and early 2000s because of its bundling with Windows and contribution toward popularizing the Internet.



Decline and End of Life



Competition: The rise of open-source browsers like Firefox and the revolutionary Chrome further undermined IE&#8217;s market leadership.



Security issues:&nbsp; Trust in IE was flagged as it came under attack for its numerous security loopholes.



End of life: In June 2022, Microsoft officially ended support for Internet Explorer and encouraged all users to switch to the newer Microsoft Edge browser.



Key Internet Explorer Versions



Though there were many versions of Internet Explorer, some of the most notable ones are:



Internet Explorer 3: Added support for tables, frames, and JavaScript.



Internet Explorer 4: It was integrated with Windows 95 and introduced ActiveX controls.



Internet Explorer 6: The most widely used but heavily criticized in terms of security flaws.



Internet Explorer 7: Improves security and tabbed browsing.



Internet Explorer 8: Introduces compatibility mode and performance enhancements.



Internet Explorer 9: Provides significant performance improvements and support for HTML5.



Internet Explorer 10 and 11: Bring continued improvement but fail to regain the market share lost.



<h2 id="internet-explorer-testing">Internet Explorer Testing</h2>



Internet Explorer testing evaluates a website or web application to ensure its compatibility, functionality, and appearance in the “Internet Explorer” developed by Microsoft.&nbsp;



While IE is no longer actively developed, it is still used by some businesses and organizations, so testing on IE is essential to ensure a consistent and smooth user experience for all users.



Internet Explorer has had distinct features, rendering behaviors, and compatibility issues compared to other browsers, so testing on IE is crucial.&nbsp;Read here &#8211; <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/how-to-test-a-website-on-different-browsers-using-testsigma/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">How to Test a Website on Different Browsers</a>



This type of testing involves verifying that the website or application works as expected on Internet Explorer, the major aspects covered are:



<ul><li>Functions correctly</li><li>Displays as intended</li><li>Remains user-friendly</li></ul>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" width="558" height="381" src="https://testsigma.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/image-170.png" alt="Internet explorer testing" class="wp-image-35983" /></figure></div>



<h2 id="why-is-it-critical-to-test-your-websites-on-internet-explorer">Why is it Critical to Test Your Websites on Internet Explorer?</h2>



When testing on IE, you should test multiple IE versions on different devices with different settings and internet connections. Also, test for users with disabilities and those who are not familiar with computers.



Here are a few reasons why you should test your websites on Internet Explorer:



Certain organizations do require IE. 



Some organizations, like government agencies and large corporations, do require their employees to use IE. The reasons are most often security or compatibility.



IE has a different rendering engine from other browsers. 



IE does use a different engine than Chrome or Firefox and other browsers. This means, of course, that IE might generate your website differently than the others.



IE still has a big chunk of the market. 



Although its market share has dwindled in recent years, IE is still widely used in specific industries and regions, maintaining around 5% market share in the US.



IE supports a different set of features. 



This is because IE supports a different set of features from other browsers; thus, some features available in other browsers may not work in IE.



Your website might be more vulnerable to security attacks in IE. 



IE has not been kept pace with security patches as much as other browsers.



<h2 id="how-do-i-test-my-website-on-internet-explorer-11-browser">How do I Test my Website on Internet Explorer 11 Browser?</h2>



To test your website on the Internet Explorer 11 browser, you can follow these steps:



<ul><li><a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/local-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Local testing:</a> Install Internet Explorer 11 on your local machine and run the tests manually or in an automated way using Testsigma.</li><li><a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/cloud-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Cloud testing</a>: Platforms such as BrowserStack and LambdaTest let you manually execute your tests on browsers on the cloud. Use Testsigma to automate and execute your tests on these browsers on the cloud.</li></ul>



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<h2 id="what-are-the-advantages-disadvantages-of-ie">What are the Advantages &amp; Disadvantages of IE?</h2>



We should know both the advantages and disadvantages of IE:



Advantages of Internet Explorer



<ul><li>Integration with Windows</li><li>Legacy Support</li><li>Active Directory Integration</li><li>Compatibility with Older Technologies</li><li>Group Policy Management</li></ul>



Disadvantages of Internet Explorer



<ul><li>Security Vulnerabilities</li><li>Lack of Modern Web Standards Support</li><li>Performance Issues</li><li>Limited Extension Ecosystem</li><li>End of Support</li></ul>



<h2 id="is-internet-explorer-no-longer-available">Is Internet Explorer no longer available?</h2>



As of June 15, 2022, Microsoft has discontinued support for Internet Explorer, although it is still accessible. Microsoft Edge is now the preferred browser option. Although Internet Explorer may still be utilized for older applications, it lacks necessary updates and security enhancements, resulting in decreased safety and efficiency.



<h2 id="when-and-how-do-you-go-beyond-testing-internet-explorer">When and How do you go Beyond Testing Internet Explorer?</h2>



Remember to ask yourself the following two questions before you move past IE:



<h3 id="when-should-you-stop-testing-with-internet-explorer">When should you Stop Testing with Internet Explorer?</h3>



End of support: Internet Explorer has been officially discontinued, meaning no more security patches or updates.



Shrinking user base: The market is now dominated by such modern browsers as Chrome, Firefox, Safari and Edge.



Security risks: If you keep using IE, be ready that this will expose the users and your organization to some vulnerabilities.



Compliance issues: Many industry regulations require running up-to-date software.



<h3 id="how-to-move-beyond-ie-testing">How to Move Beyond IE Testing?</h3>



Prioritize modern browsers: Concentrate your testing efforts on Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge. These make up larger percentage of your users. Read here &#8211; <a href="https://testsigma.com/cross-browser-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Cross Browser Testing</a>



Use responsive design: Create sites that can tell what device or screen size it is viewed on and respond appropriately by displaying easy-to-navigate layouts without breaking or compromising the usability and user experience on different browsers.



Use browser compatibility tools: Carry out your compatibility tests by using tools such as <a href="https://testsigma.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Testsigma </a>to identify issues that may arise out of differences in browsers. Testsigma supports a wide range of browsers, ensuring thorough compatibility checks.



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Monitor user behavior: Track your browser usage analytics to gain a good understanding of your audience, which will help you make good decisions about testing.



Communicate end of support: Notify users about the end of IE support and encourage them to update their browsers.



Create a migration plan: Detail how to phase out IE support in a phased approach, along with providing replacement solutions (if needed) for legacy systems.



Consider incremental improvements: Build your site with basic browsers&#8217; capabilities first, then incrementally improve for modern browsers&#8217; features.



Invest in developer tools: Use browser developer tools for effective testing and debugging on multiple platforms.



Keep up with web standards: Observe modern web standards and best practices to ensure compatibility and performance.



Conduct user testing: Obtain feedback from actual users to be able to spot compatibility or usability problem areas. Read here &#8211; <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/compatibility-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">compatibility testing</a>



By following these guidelines, you can effectively steer clear of IE testing, enhance user experience and increase site security.



<h2 id="takeaway">Takeaway</h2>



Here we conclude!&nbsp;



This blog provides valuable insights on Internet Explorer testing. Internet Explorer testing is still essential for businesses that support legacy users and applications. By following the tips in this blog post, you can ensure that your website or web application is compatible with Internet Explorer.&nbsp;



By doing so, you can ensure that all users have a positive experience when visiting your website.



Happy Testing!



<h2 id="h-frequently-asked-questions">Frequently Asked Questions</h2>



<h3 id="h-what-is-a-remote-internet-explorer-browser">What is a remote Internet Explorer browser?</h3>



A remote Internet Explorer browser is a virtual browser that runs on a remote server, allowing you to test your website on Internet Explorer without installing it on your local machine.



<h3 id="h-can-i-test-for-other-internet-explorer-ie-versions">Can I test for other Internet Explorer (IE) versions?</h3>



Yes, you can test for other IE versions by using:



<ul><li>Emulators: Emulators simulate the behavior of a different browser on your local machine.</li><li><a href="https://azure.microsoft.com/en-in/resources/cloud-computing-dictionary/what-is-a-virtual-machine" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Virtual machines</a>: Virtual machines allow you to create a virtual computer on your local machine that can run a different operating system, such as Windows.</li><li><a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/most-popular-tools-for-cloud-automation-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Cloud-based testing platforms</a>: Cloud-based testing platforms provide access to a wide range of real devices and browsers, including different versions of Internet Explorer.</li></ul>



<h3 id="h-can-i-use-macos-or-linux-to-test-on-ie">Can I use macOS or Linux to test on IE?</h3>



No, Internet Explorer is not natively available on macOS or Linux. To test on IE, you need a Windows-based environment or cloud-based services.



<h3 id="h-what-was-the-most-common-bug-in-the-internet-explorer-test">What was the most common bug in the Internet Explorer test?</h3>



The most common bug in Internet Explorer tests was compatibility issues with the&nbsp; browser; i.e. the tests that ran successfully on other browsers, failed on Internet Explore. This was especially true for older versions of Internet Explorer.

Internet Explorer Testing How to Test Website on IE Browser

Internet Explorer Testing | What it is and How to Test ?

Guide to Validation Testing in Software Testing

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What is ADA Testing | Why it Matters & How to Perform?

The best way to ensure your code is bug-free is to have your buddy test it, right?



Buddy testing, or peer testing, is a <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/software-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">software testing</a> technique in which two individuals work together to test a software application. This approach has gained popularity in recent years due to its numerous benefits.



Don&#8217;t read this blog alone; drag your buddy along and hop on the ride to read!🤩



Together, we will explore the concept of buddy testing in more detail, discuss its advantages and disadvantages, and provide tips on implementing it successfully.



Let&#8217;s go!



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><ul><li><a href="#What_is_Buddy_Testing">0.1 What is Buddy Testing?</a></li><li><a href="#Importance_of_Buddy_Testing">0.2 Importance of Buddy Testing</a></li><li><a href="#When_TO_perform_Buddy_Testing">0.3 When TO perform Buddy Testing?</a></li><li><a href="#When_NOT_to_use_Buddy_testing">0.4 When NOT to use Buddy testing?</a></li><li><a href="#Buddy_Testing_Process">0.5 Buddy Testing Process</a></li><li><a href="#How_to_do_Buddy_Testing_in_Testsigma">0.6 How to do Buddy Testing in Testsigma?</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Benefits_of_Buddy_Testing">1 Benefits of Buddy Testing</a></li><li><a href="#Limitations_of_Buddy_Testing">2 Limitations of Buddy Testing</a></li><li><a href="#Conclusion">3 Conclusion</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions">4 Frequently Asked Questions</a><ul><li><a href="#What_is_the_difference_between_buddy_testing_and_pair_testing">4.1 What is the difference between buddy testing and pair testing?</a></li><li><a href="#What_is_the_meaning_of_the_Buddy_method">4.2 What is the meaning of the Buddy method?</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h3 id="h-what-is-buddy-testing">What is Buddy Testing?</h3>



Buddy testing is like having a second pair of eyes on your code. It&#8217;s a great way to catch bugs you might miss alone.



In my view, when two people (i.e., developer &amp; tester or two testers) work together closely on&nbsp;



<ul><li>the same module,&nbsp;</li><li>actively sharing ideas and</li><li>&nbsp;jointly identifying defects and bugs within the application</li></ul>



they ensure the quality of the product. This increases the efficiency rate of the work and even less time conception.



This approach has become increasingly popular in recent years due to its&nbsp;



<ul><li>numerous benefits,&nbsp;</li><li>improved collaboration,&nbsp;</li><li>efficiency, and</li><li>effectiveness in finding defects.&nbsp;</li></ul>



Buddy testing is now being used in various new and innovative ways.&nbsp;



For example, some teams use buddy testing to test artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) systems.



Did you know that buddy testing can help to improve the morale of software testing teams?&nbsp;



By working together and sharing ideas, buddy testers can feel more connected to their work and each other.



<h3 id="h-importance-of-buddy-testing">Importance of Buddy Testing</h3>



Buddy testing is essential because it can help improve software product quality.&nbsp;



By working together, buddy testers can identify more defects, reduce the risk of errors, and improve the overall efficiency of the testing process.



<ul><li>Improved collaboration and communication: Buddy testing fosters a collaborative environment where testers and developers can share ideas, learn from each other, and identify defects more effectively.</li></ul>



<ul><li>Increased efficiency and effectiveness: Buddy testing can reduce the time and resources required for testing while also improving the overall quality of the testing process.</li></ul>



<ul><li>Enhanced defect detection: By combining their perspectives and expertise, buddy testers are more likely to find defects that would otherwise be missed.</li></ul>



<ul><li>Improved software quality: By identifying and addressing defects early on, buddy testing can help ensure that the final software product is high quality.</li></ul>



<ul><li>Code deployed to a new environment: Buddy testing is a good way to test code before it is deployed to a new environment, such as production.</li></ul>



Sometimes, pairing up works, and sometimes, we are tied up with the wrong buddies. In the next section, we will read about when and when not to perform this buddy testing.



<h3 id="h-when-to-perform-buddy-testing">When TO perform Buddy Testing?</h3>



Buddy testing can be performed at any stage of the software development lifecycle, but it is most commonly performed during integration and system testing.&nbsp;



<ul><li>Buddy testing is particularly beneficial for&nbsp;<ol><li>testing complex or critical functionality,&nbsp;</li><li>new or unfamiliar code, and&nbsp;</li><li>code modified by multiple developers.&nbsp;</li></ol></li></ul>



Buddy testing can be a very effective way for new testers to learn the testing process and gain experience with different software products and technologies.



<h3 id="h-when-not-to-use-buddy-testing">When NOT to use Buddy testing?</h3>



There are times when buddy testing might not go right! Please do not do this testing during circumstances like:



<ol><li>Team members are optional if the product should undergo automation testing.&nbsp;</li><li>We can not do this test if there is a mismatch in the character or attitude of the two team members who do the testing. Pair testing should be avoided to prevent potential conflicts.&nbsp;</li><li>In cases where only structured test cases are available, a single tester will be sufficient.</li></ol>



<h3 id="h-buddy-testing-process">Buddy Testing Process</h3>



The steps involved in buddy testing:



<ol><li>Identify the primary tester and the buddy tester:</li></ol>



The primary tester is typically an experienced tester with a strong understanding of the software or system being tested. In contrast, the buddy tester may be a less professional or a subject matter expert with knowledge of the domain being tested.



<ol start="2"><li>Define the scope and objective:</li></ol>



The primary tester and the buddy tester should agree on the scope and <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/advice/0/how-do-you-define-scope-objectives-software-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">objectives of the testing</a>, including the certain features or functionality that will be tested and the expected results. This will help to make sure that the testing is focused and efficient.



<ol start="3"><li>Plan the testing:</li></ol>



The primary tester and the buddy tester should develop a testing plan of specific test cases and test scenarios that will be executed. As well as the resources and tools needed to complete the testing. This will help ensure the testing is complete and all relevant areas are covered.



<ol start="4"><li>Execute the testing:</li></ol>



The primary tester performs the testing while the buddy tester observes and provides assistance. The buddy tester may also document defects and issues identified during the testing. This collaborative approach can help to identify weaknesses and enhance the overall grade of the testing.&nbsp;



<ol start="5"><li>Review and debrief:</li></ol>



After the testing, the primary and buddy tester should review the results and debrief to discuss any issues or challenges. This will support identifying improvement areas and ensure the testing process is continually refined.&nbsp;



<h3 id="h-how-to-do-buddy-testing-in-testsigma">How to do Buddy Testing in Testsigma?</h3>



Buddy Testing is not possible directly in Testsigma but it does support review workflow which enables another tester to review the work done by the tester.



Let’s see how the review feature works in Testsigma:



Login to your Testsigma account before you get started.



First, you must enable the review management feature from the settings module.&nbsp;



The picture below explains it.



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/pLqHZ3vbtmIn9FrEkmwBHn6Xo2AX52X2ZWyUTaRWx9cuhJWIVJ-HWrXPtRjaqseq0yyVLR9BP-2qBHs3_01_Tkin8oioGYTg39KgpQOpD8xqcNuv4KuN90fLGHTGoitqrCt4foYo43tgSPzGNIYBudQ" alt="admin setting" /></figure>



For example, let us say Tester 1 sends his testcase for review to Tester 2. It looks like the following image.



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/9IEIw6oQzBgpn1m2rPqYJSisIs1kQG3RFFVjXXmy1RWKEmcayjXBQuZkRlZuCglOk4a_Ss18Zp_Qy59wKUzMY4Gm9CAMSDQjds6WRPRSD5G01Q1RH4mRtnpIM6jQ5WtqphdYffr7ff5VgUmU_g2x8ls" alt="submit review" /></figure>



After submitting for review, here&#8217;s an example of how the dashboard for Tester 1 will look.



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/Z06SoXOqyGs8wIJ_KNXfrh1NraGLTdnHHocdavT3om05oOdaWYoMOqcJugg-LGRncUV-sp4kWQc6_jTeHK8O0cnt4FwuDd0WUQAzRQfQqRHZRlaf0Zdy4RA2TFWaz75cGR-wFlhUlv9tpThw-LTeGXU" alt="Dashboard" /></figure>



After receiving a test case for review, this is how the Tester 2 dashboard will appear.



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/Cy8-GT0b4FePoIAWx3iJAXWZhKRLxjCMLKPkdPMkwSU7PQtfw2BCPqv5At37F3n3HU33_mI-I_5bf6u_7Rm9ajDQLurhvUI8R91d0QbiF1uMW7Q8CRP3A1SY-vhsy3p40wZd9pNz_nas2VlUYCKgxz0" alt="buddy testing testcase" /></figure>



This is how Tester 2 can review and mark a test case as done.



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/n9qt_qabuk48MvUefQF0aIQI5Bskf6IcRRbRFmbu0Xwv6d4d4ez-ZBL7BUUAoXW8HXDBIVZ_eHRAHOYCuAVhKqHvKXeKZN0-6AI9AUTG5dBQImXHecZp1L4-Vuv5qKg_4zncwK_yi6681ncFNAhy1Rg" alt="review status" /></figure>



I also have a workflow video in the link below to understand the process better.



<figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-vimeo wp-block-embed-vimeo wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper">
<iframe loading="lazy" title="Flonnect_2023-10-11_6bd0614e-0d23-41ac-925d-d9d5589c80c9" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/873269107?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963" width="500" height="281" frameborder="0" allow="autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture; clipboard-write"></iframe>
</div></figure>



 <h2 id="h-benefits-of-buddy-testing">Benefits of Buddy Testing</h2>



Major benefits are:&nbsp;



<ul><li>Improved quality: Buddy testing can help improve software product quality by identifying more defects and reducing the risk of errors. This is because two testers are more likely to find defects than one tester and can also help verify each other&#8217;s work.</li></ul>



<ul><li>Increased efficiency: Buddy testing can help increase the testing process&#8217;s efficiency. This is because two testers can work together to divide and conquer the testing workload. They can also help each other to learn and improve their testing skills.</li></ul>



<ul><li>Enhanced collaboration and communication: Buddy testing can enhance collaboration and communication between testers. Testers must work together to plan and execute the testing process. They must also communicate effectively to share their findings and resolve any disagreements.</li></ul>



<ul><li>Improved morale and motivation: Buddy testing boosts confidence and motivation by providing support, camaraderie, and opportunities for learning and career growth.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-limitations-of-buddy-testing">Limitations of Buddy Testing</h2>



While buddy testing has many benefits, it is also important to know its limitations. The limitations include:



<ul><li>Increased cost: Buddy testing can increase the cost of testing, as it requires two testers to be involved.</li></ul>



<ul><li>Reduced focus: If the two testers are well-matched, they may focus on the testing process.</li></ul>



<ul><li>Increased time commitment: Buddy testing can require a greater time commitment from testers, who must work together to plan and execute the testing process.</li></ul>



<ul><li>Increased reliance on another person: Buddy testing can increase reliance on another person, as the two testers must work together to be successful. If one tester is unavailable or unable to participate in the testing process, it can delay or disrupt the testing schedule.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-conclusion">Conclusion</h2>



Buddy testing is a collaborative software testing technique that offers many benefits, including improved defect detection, reduced testing time, improved communication and collaboration, and enhanced team morale.&nbsp;



If you want to improve the quality of your software testing process, buddy testing is a great option.



Related read: <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/adhoc-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://testsigma.com/blog/adhoc-testing/</a>&nbsp;



<h2 id="h-frequently-asked-questions">Frequently Asked Questions</h2>



<h3 id="h-what-is-the-difference-between-buddy-testing-and-pair-testing">What is the difference between buddy testing and pair testing?</h3>



Buddy testing involves pairing an individual from the development team with someone from the testing team, fostering cross-functional collaboration.&nbsp;



On the other hand, pair testing involves two quality assurance (QA) professionals with varying levels of expertise, promoting knowledge sharing and diverse perspectives.



<h3 id="h-what-is-the-meaning-of-the-buddy-method">What is the meaning of the Buddy method?</h3>



The Buddy method is also known as buddy testing. This method aims to improve testing quality by providing a support system and knowledge-sharing opportunities between testers.

Buddy Testing What it is, Why &amp; How to Do

Buddy Testing | What it is, Why & How to Do?

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Common Screen Resolutions | What are they & How to Test?

We understand how challenging it can be for businesses and organizations to keep up with the fast-paced and ever-changing world of software development. On-demand testing provides businesses with access to expert testers as and when needed.&nbsp;



&#8220;On-demand testing is the future of software testing.&#8221; &#8211; Gartner.



The traditional testing methods can be quite cumbersome and slow, making it challenging to stay on track. But On-demand testing eliminates the need for an in-house testing team. This a cost-effective and hassle-free solution for ensuring software quality.



Let us know more interesting things about On-demand testing through this blog.



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" width="553" height="538" src="https://testsigma.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/image-166.png" alt="on demand testing" class="wp-image-35601"/></figure></div>



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#What_is_on-demand_testing">1 What is on-demand testing?</a></li><li><a href="#Why_do_you_need_on-demand_testing">2 Why do you need on-demand testing?</a></li><li><a href="#What_are_the_types_of_on-demand_software_testing">3 What are the types of on-demand software testing</a><ul><li><a href="#Here_are_some_of_the_most_common_types_of_on-demand_software_testing">3.1 Here are some of the most common types of on-demand software testing:</a></li><li><a href="#Functional_Testing">3.2 Functional Testing</a></li><li><a href="#Non-functional_testing">3.3 Non-functional testing</a></li><li><a href="#Manual_testing">3.4 Manual testing</a></li><li><a href="#Automated_testing">3.5 Automated testing</a></li><li><a href="#System_testing">3.6 System testing</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Advantages">4 Advantages</a></li><li><a href="#When_to_choose_Testsigma">5 When to choose Testsigma?</a></li><li><a href="#Conclusion">6 Conclusion</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions">7 Frequently Asked Questions</a><ul><li><a href="#What_is_on-demand_in_software">7.1 What is on-demand in software?</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-what-is-on-demand-testing">What is on-demand testing?</h2>



On-demand testing is a type of <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/software-testing/">software testing</a> that is performed on an as-needed basis. It is also known as cloud-based testing or crowdsourced testing. On-demand testing providers have a pool of experienced testers available to test software on various devices and platforms.



For example, Startups developing new mobile apps often face the challenge of testing their apps on various devices and operating systems without breaking the bank.&nbsp;



On-demand testing providers like <a href="https://testsigma.com/">Testsigma </a>can help by providing startups access to various devices and operating systems as needed. This allows startups to test their apps thoroughly without investing in their testing infrastructure or team.



<h2 id="h-why-do-you-need-on-demand-testing">Why do you need on-demand testing?</h2>



There are several reasons why businesses may need to use on-demand testing, including:



<ul><li>To keep up with the pace of development: Modern software development cycles are fast-paced and agile, and traditional testing methods can be slow and cumbersome. On-demand testing allows businesses to test their software quickly and efficiently without sacrificing quality.</li><li>To scale their testing resources up or down as needed: On-demand testing is very flexible and can be scaled up or down to meet the needs of the business. This means that businesses can pay for the testing they need when they need it without having to commit to a long-term contract.</li><li>To access a broader range of testing expertise: On-demand testing providers typically have a team of experienced testers who are experts in testing disciplines. This means businesses can get the necessary testing and gain in-house expertise.</li><li>To save money: On-demand testing can be very cost-effective for businesses of all sizes. Businesses only pay for the testing they need and don&#8217;t have to invest in their in-house testing team.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-what-are-the-types-of-on-demand-software-testing">What are the types of on-demand software testing</h2>



<p id="h-on-demand-software-testing-can-be-performed-on-various-types-of-software-including-web-applications-mobile-apps-desktop-applications-and-enterprise-systems-it-can-also-be-used-to-test-different-aspects-of-software-including-functionality-performance-security-and-usability">On-demand software testing can be performed on various types of software, including web applications, mobile apps, desktop applications, and enterprise systems. It can also be used to test different aspects of software, including functionality, performance, security, and usability.



<h3 id="h-here-are-some-of-the-most-common-types-of-on-demand-software-testing">Here are some of the most common types of on-demand software testing:</h3>



<h3 id="h-functional-testing">Functional Testing</h3>



<p id="h-this-type-of-testing-verifies-that-the-software-meets-its-intended-functional-requirements-for-example-functional-testing-might-involve-testing-whether-a-user-can-successfully-log-in-to-a-website-add-a-product-to-a-shopping-cart-and-purchase-it">This type of testing verifies that the software meets its intended functional requirements. For example, functional testing might involve testing whether a user can successfully log in to a website, add a product to a shopping cart, and purchase it.



<h3 id="h-non-functional-testing">Non-functional testing</h3>



This type of testing assesses the software&#8217;s performance, reliability, security, usability, and other non-functional aspects.&nbsp;



<p id="h-for-example-non-functional-testing-might-involve-testing-whether-a-website-can-handle-many-users-simultaneously-whether-a-software-application-can-recover-from-a-crash-or-whether-a-database-is-secure-from-unauthorized-access">For example, non-functional testing might involve testing whether a website can handle many users simultaneously, whether a software application can recover from a crash, or whether a database is secure from unauthorized access.



<h3 id="h-manual-testing">Manual testing</h3>



Humans perform this type of testing without the use of automated tools. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manual_testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Manual testing</a> is often used to test complex or subjective aspects of software, such as usability or user experience.



<h3 id="h-automated-testing"><a href="https://testsigma.com/automated-testing">Automated testing</a></h3>



<p id="h-this-type-of-testing-is-performed-using-scripts-or-other-tools-to-automate-the-testing-process-automated-testing-is-often-used-to-test-repetitive-or-time-consuming-tasks-such-as-functional-testing">This type of testing is performed using scripts or other tools to automate the testing process. Automated testing is often used to test repetitive or time-consuming tasks, such as functional testing.



<h3 id="h-system-testing">System testing</h3>



This type of testing verifies that the software meets the overall system requirements and can be integrated with other systems.&nbsp;



For example, system testing might involve testing whether a new software application can communicate with an existing system or perform well in a production environment.



<h2 id="h-advantages">Advantages</h2>



On-demand testing can help businesses save money on software testing costs by eliminating the need to hire and maintain a dedicated in-house testing team. On-demand testing offers businesses many advantages, including:



<ul><li>Cost-effectiveness: Businesses can save money on software testing costs by eliminating the need to hire and maintain a dedicated in-house testing team.</li><li>Scalability: On-demand testing can be scaled up or down as needed, so businesses only pay for the necessary testing resources.</li><li>Flexibility: On-demand testing is very flexible and can be tailored to meet the specific needs of each business.</li><li>Expertise: On-demand testing providers have a team of experienced testers who are experts in testing disciplines.</li><li>Speed: On-demand testing can help businesses release their software faster by allowing them to test it on demand.</li><li>Quality: On-demand testing can help businesses improve their software quality by providing a complete and independent testing process.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-when-to-choose-testsigma">When to choose Testsigma?</h2>



If you are looking for a tool to automate your end-to-end tests for web, mobile, desktop applications and APIs, from the same place, then you should consider Testsigma. Below are few reasons why:



<ul><li>Powerful automation capabilities: Testsigma allows you to create and execute automated test cases for various applications, including web, mobile, API, and desktop &#8211; 10x faster and that too from the same place.&nbsp;</li><li>Ease of use: Testsigma&#8217;s user-friendly interface and simple NLP capabilities make it easy for anyone to create automated test cases, even without coding experience.</li><li>Comprehensive debugging tools: Testsigma&#8217;s built-in debugging tools, such as auto-healing and suggestions for failure, help you to quickly and easily identify and fix test case failures.</li><li>Easy integration with third-party tools: Testsigma integrates seamlessly with various third-party tools, such as CI/CD tools, bug tracking systems, and test management tools.</li><li>Support for multiple applications: Testsigma supports many applications, including web, mobile, API, and desktop.</li><li>Easy export and import: Testsigma makes exporting and importing test cases, test plans, and other data easy.</li></ul>



 <button class="btn bg-primary cta-btn" style="margin: auto"><a href="https://testsigma.com/signup" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="color:#fff">Get started with Testsigma</a></button> 



<h2 id="h-conclusion">Conclusion</h2>



To conclude, On-demand testing has numerous benefits for businesses of all sizes, such as cost-effectiveness, scalability, flexibility, expertise, speed, and quality.&nbsp;



If you want to streamline your software testing process and make it more efficient and effective, then on-demand testing is an option worth exploring.



<h2 id="h-frequently-asked-questions">Frequently Asked Questions</h2>



<h3 id="h-what-is-on-demand-in-software">What is on-demand in software?</h3>



In software, &#8220;on-demand&#8221; refers to a service or resource available and accessible immediately upon request or demand. This request can be from users, typically delivered via the internet or a network. It allows users to obtain specific functionalities or data whenever needed without requiring installation or setup on their local systems.

On Demand testing  | What it is and it can do for you?

Visual Diff | How Does this Algorithm Improve Visual Testing?

When I talk about machine learning, what pops out of your brain? We are frequently asked about the distinction between training and testing data. So, we decided to explain it in detail through this blog. Understanding the disparity between these two data types and utilizing them appropriately is essential.



Knowing the difference between these two data types ensures that the machine-learning model is reliable, accurate, and effective.



Read more about AI and ML in software testing here: <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/ai-and-ml-in-software-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://testsigma.com/blog/ai-and-ml-in-software-testing/</a>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" src="https://testsigma.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/image-153.png" alt="difference between training data and testing data" class="wp-image-34918" width="641" height="368"/></figure></div>



This blog post explores the primary purposes of training and testing data, the techniques used to prepare them, and the potential pitfalls that can arise when misusing them and about automation of the data.



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#What_is_Training_Data">1 What is Training Data?</a></li><li><a href="#What_is_Testing_Data">2 What is Testing Data?</a></li><li><a href="#Why_do_we_need_training_and_testing_data">3 Why do we need training and testing data?</a></li><li><a href="#Why_Knowing_the_Difference_is_Important">4 Why Knowing the Difference is Important?</a></li><li><a href="#How_Training_and_Testing_Data_Work_with_Example">5 How Training and Testing Data Work with Example?</a></li><li><a href="#Training_Data_vs_Testing_Data">6 Training Data vs. Testing Data</a></li><li><a href="#How_are_Training_and_Testing_Data_used_in_Test_Automation_Tools">7 How are Training and Testing Data used in Test Automation Tools?</a></li><li><a href="#Conclusion">8 Conclusion</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions">9 Frequently Asked Questions</a><ul><li><a href="#How_can_you_improve_the_training_and_testing_data">9.1 How can you improve the training and testing data?</a></li><li><a href="#How_do_you_separate_training_and_test_data_sets">9.2 How do you separate training and test data sets?</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-what-is-training-data">What is Training Data?</h2>



Do you know: The training data is always correct!



Machine learning algorithms learn from data in datasets. They find patterns in the data, develop an understanding of the data, make decisions based on the data, and evaluate the accuracy of their choices.



In machine learning, datasets are typically split into two subsets: training and testing data. The training data is used to train the machine learning algorithm. The testing data is used to evaluate the accuracy of the trained algorithm. The training data should represent the data the algorithm will encounter in the real world.&nbsp;



<h2 id="h-what-is-testing-data">What is Testing Data?</h2>



Testing data is like a box of chocolates. You never know what you&#8217;re going to get.



Once you have trained your machine learning model on a dataset, you must test it on unseen data to evaluate its performance. This unseen data is called the testing data. This is similar to the test data used in software testing, just the context is different here. In software testing, we use test data to ensure the software works well for given data. In machine learning, we use testing data to ensure the model works for the given testing data. The testing data should meet two criteria:



<ol><li>It should represent the actual dataset that the model will be used on. This means that the testing data should have the same distribution of features as the actual dataset.</li><li>It should be large enough to generate meaningful predictions. This means the testing data should be large enough to provide a statistically significant test of the model&#8217;s performance.</li></ol>



The testing data should be new, &#8220;unseen&#8221; data the model has not seen before. This is because the model will already have learned the patterns in the training data, so testing its ability to generalize to new data is essential.



The testing data can be used to evaluate the model&#8217;s accuracy, robustness, and fairness. It can also be used to identify areas where the model needs to be improved.



Splitting the data into 80% training data and 20% testing data is common in data science. This means that 80% of the data will be used to train the model, and 20% will be used to test the model.



<h2 id="h-why-do-we-need-training-and-testing-data">Why do we need training and testing data?</h2>



Here are some reasons why we need training and testing data in machine learning:



&#8220;Training data teaches a machine learning model how to behave while testing data evaluates how well the model has learned.&#8221;



1. Training data is used to teach the machine learning model how to make predictions or perform a desired task. It is typically labeled, which means that the model&#8217;s output is known for each data point. The model learns to identify the patterns in the data and make predictions based on those patterns. 



Examples could be call recordings from <a href="https://www.nextiva.com/blog/call-center-software.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">call center software</a> to train virtual agents on identifying customer needs and sentiment, or chat scripts paired with customer data to train chatbots on addressing common questions and resolving basic issues.



Training data is like the textbook that a student uses to learn a new subject. The book contains the information the student needs to know, and the student learns by reading the text and doing the exercises.



2. Testing data is used to evaluate the machine learning model&#8217;s performance. It is typically different from the training data and not labeled. This means the model&#8217;s output is unknown for each data point. The model&#8217;s ability to make accurate predictions on the testing data is evaluated.



Testing data is like the test that a student takes to assess their knowledge of the subject. The test contains questions that the student needs to answer, and the student&#8217;s performance on the test is used to evaluate their understanding.



By using training and testing data, we can ensure that the model can make accurate predictions on new data it has not seen before.



<h2 id="h-why-knowing-the-difference-is-important">Why Knowing the Difference is Important?</h2>



The difference between training data and testing data is that training data tells you how to build a model, and testing data tells you how to break it.



The difference between training data and testing data is important because it helps to prevent the model from overfitting. Overfitting occurs when the model learns the training data too well and is unable to generalize to new data. This can happen if the training data is too small or if it is not representative of the real world.



By using a separate testing data set, the model can be evaluated on data that it has not seen before. This helps to ensure that the model is able to generalize to new data and make accurate predictions.



<h2 id="h-how-training-and-testing-data-work-with-example">How Training and Testing Data Work with Example?</h2>



Here is an example of Training Data:



If you train a model to classify images of flowers and fruits, the training data would consists of image labeled as &#8220;flowers&#8221; or &#8220;fruits.&#8221; The model would learn to identify the features distinguishing flowers from fruits by looking at the labeled data.



Good quality of the training data is essential for the machine learning model&#8217;s performance. If the data is not representative of the real world, the model cannot make accurate predictions. The data should also be large enough to allow the model to learn the patterns in the data. 



Properly selecting and preparing training data is necessary for machine learning. This can enhance the performance of your models and ensure their readiness for real-world applications.



Let us see an example for Testing Data:



If you train a model to classify images of flowers and fruits, the testing data would consist of images the model has yet to see. The model would be evaluated on its ability to classify these images correctly.



The testing data quality is essential for the machine learning model&#8217;s performance, The data should represent the real world and be large enough to evaluate the model thoroughly.



Lеt mе еxplain to you with another simplе еxamplе:&nbsp;



Take testing data for a machine learning model that is used to predict the price of houses. The training data might consist of historical data on <a href="https://goldlineremovals.com.au/house-prices-and-moving-into-inner-west-suburbs/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">house prices</a>, such as the house size, the number of bedrooms, and the house&#8217;s location.



The testing data would consist of new data on house prices that the model has not seen before. The model would be evaluated on its ability to predict the prices of these houses.



<h2 id="h-training-data-vs-testing-data">Training Data vs. Testing Data</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td>Feature&nbsp;</td><td>Training Data&nbsp;</td><td>Testing Data</td></tr><tr><td>Purpose</td><td>Training data is used to train the machine-learning model. The more training data the model has, the better it can make predictions.</td><td>Testing Data is used to evaluate the performance of the model.&nbsp;</td></tr><tr><td>Exposure&nbsp;</td><td>The model can learn from the training data and improve its predictions.</td><td>The testing data is not exposed to the model before evaluation. This ensures the model cannot memorize the testing data and make perfect predictions.</td></tr><tr><td>Distribution</td><td>The distribution of the training data should be similar to the distribution of the real-world data that the model will be used.&nbsp;</td><td>The distribution of the testing data is entirely different from the real-world data.</td></tr><tr><td>Use</td><td>Training data is used to prevent overfitting.&nbsp;</td><td>The testing data is used to evaluate the model&#8217;s performance by making predictions on it and comparing the predictions to the actual labels.</td></tr><tr><td>Size</td><td>The training data is typically larger. This is because the model needs to see many examples of input data to learn how to make accurate predictions.</td><td>The size of the testing data is typically smaller than the training data because the testing data is used to evaluate the performance of the model that has been trained on the training data.</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>



<h2 id="h-how-are-training-and-testing-data-used-in-test-automation-tools">How are Training and Testing Data used in Test Automation Tools?</h2>



No wonder Training and Testing data are used in <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/automation-testing-tools/">Test automation tools</a>. This is to improve the accuracy and reliability of the tests.



Training data is used to train the test automation tool on the specific application or system that is being tested. This helps the tool to learn the expected behavior of the application and to identity any potential defects.



Testing data is used to evaluate the performance of the test automation tool. This helps to ensure that the tool is able to find defects and that it is not overfitting to the training data.



Here are some simple explanations of how training and testing data are used in test automation tools:



<ul><li>Training data teaches the test automation tool how to interact with the application or system under test. It should represent the real world and large enough to allow the tool to learn the patterns in the application&#8217;s behavior.</li><li>Testing data is used to evaluate the performance of the test automation tool. It should be different from the training data and not labeled. This ensures that the tool is balanced with the training data and can find defects in new data.</li></ul>



By using training and testing data, you can build test automation tools that are more accurate and reliable.



<h2 id="h-conclusion">Conclusion</h2>



As Andrew Ng said, &#8220;The training data is the food for the model, and the testing data is the dessert.&#8221;



Training data and Testing data are the most essential to understand to build accurate and reliable machine-learning models. By carefully selecting and preparing the data, you can improve your models&#8217; performance and ensure they are ready for real-world use.



<h2 id="h-frequently-asked-questions">Frequently Asked Questions</h2>



<h3 id="h-how-can-you-improve-the-training-and-testing-data">How can you improve the training and testing data?</h3>



<p id="h-improving-the-training-and-testing-data-can-be-done-by-increasing-the-diversity-of-the-data-sources-and-by-carefully-selecting-and-preprocessing-the-data-to-remove-any-biases-or-noise-also-incorporating-data-augmentation-techniques-can-help-generate-more-varied-and-representative-examples-for-training-and-testing">Improving the training and testing data can be done by increasing the diversity of the data sources and by carefully selecting and preprocessing the data to remove any biases or noise. Also, incorporating data augmentation techniques can help generate more varied and representative examples for training and testing.



<h3 id="h-how-do-you-separate-training-and-test-data-sets">How do you separate training and test data sets?</h3>



To separate training and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Training,_validation,_and_test_data_sets" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test data sets</a>, you can randomly split the data into two sets using a specific ratio, such as 70% for training and 30% for testing.



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Top difference between training data and testing data

Do you know the first testware was created in the 1950s?&nbsp;



In the early days of software development, testware was typically referred to handwritten test cases and test data. Yet, as software became more complex, it became difficult to manually test all the different features and functionalities. As a result, testware tools were developed to automate the testing process.



The first testware tool was a punch card-based system to test the early IBM mainframe computers.&nbsp;



Testware: An essential element for high-quality software testing!



This blog post will explore the definition, types, and examples of testware in software testing. We will also discuss the importance of testware in software development and how it can help improve the final product&#8217;s quality.&nbsp;



Also, I&#8217;ll highlight some popular testware tools used for <a href="https://testsigma.com/automated-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">automated testing</a>, such as <a href="https://testsigma.com/automated-web-application-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Testsigma</a>, Selenium, JUnit, and TestNG.&nbsp;



Come on, let&#8217;s dig in!



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#What_is_Testware">1 What is Testware?</a></li><li><a href="#Who_develops_testware">2 Who develops testware?</a></li><li><a href="#Types_of_Testware">3 Types of Testware</a><ul><li><a href="#1_Test_Plans">3.1 1. Test Plans</a></li><li><a href="#2_Test_Cases">3.2 2. Test Cases</a></li><li><a href="#3_Test_Scripts">3.3 3. Test Scripts</a></li><li><a href="#4_Test_Data">3.4 4. Test Data</a></li><li><a href="#5_Test_Tools">3.5 5. Test Tools</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Explaining_Testware_with_examples_8211_Manual_and_automated_approaches">4 Explaining Testware with examples &#8211; Manual and automated approaches</a></li><li><a href="#Role_of_Testware_in_Software_Testing">5 Role of Testware in Software Testing</a><ul><li><a href="#1_Efficiency">5.1 1. Efficiency</a></li><li><a href="#2_Accuracy">5.2 2. Accuracy</a></li><li><a href="#3_Consistency">5.3 3. Consistency</a></li><li><a href="#4_Traceability">5.4 4. Traceability</a></li><li><a href="#5_Quality_Assurance">5.5 5. Quality Assurance</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Testware_Development_And_Maintenance">6 Testware Development And Maintenance</a></li><li><a href="#Conclusion">7 Conclusion</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions">8 Frequently Asked Questions</a><ul><li><a href="#What_is_testware_in_manual_testing">8.1 What is testware in manual testing?</a></li><li><a href="#In_what_phase_is_the_handover_of_Testware_done">8.2 In what phase is the handover of Testware done?</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-what-is-testware">What is Testware?</h2>



Testware is a general term used in the software testing industry to encompass all software and hardware tools. This also covers the resources to plan, design, execute, and manage software tests. It includes test plans, test cases, test scripts, test data generators, test environment setup tools, defect tracking systems, and more.



Testware is essential to <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/software-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">software testing,</a> enabling testers to efficiently and effectively test software for quality and functionality. It helps automate repetitive tasks, reduce human error, and provide extended software coverage under test.



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" width="662" height="430" src="https://testsigma.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/image-149.png" alt="Testware" class="wp-image-34883" /></figure></div>



 



<h2 id="h-who-develops-testware">Who develops testware?</h2>



Testware is primarily crafted by skilled software testers and Quality Assurance (QA) professionals. They form a dedicated team comprising test managers, engineers, analysts, and testers. This group collaborates to meticulously develop and uphold essential Testware required for an effective testing process. 



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" width="742" height="522" src="https://testsigma.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/image-150.png" alt="who develops testware" class="wp-image-34886" /></figure></div>



<ul><li>Test managers: Test managers oversee the entire software testing process. They develop and manage test plans, allocate resources, and track progress. Test managers also work closely with other stakeholders, such as developers and product managers, to ensure the software meets the required quality standards.</li></ul>



<ul><li>Test engineers: Test engineers design and develop automated test scripts and frameworks. They also help to implement and maintain test automation tools. Test engineers typically have a strong background in software engineering and computer science.</li></ul>



<ul><li>Test analysts: Test analysts analyze the software requirements and develop test cases. They also work with test engineers to automate test cases and create test data. Test analysts typically have a strong understanding of the software testing process and the specific requirements of the software product under test.</li></ul>



<ul><li>Testers: Testers execute test cases and report the results. They also work with test engineers to debug test scripts and identify any defects in the software. testers typically understand the software testing process and the specific requirements of the software product under test.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-types-of-testware">Types of Testware</h2>



Testware is a broad term that encloses many tools and resources used to&nbsp;



<ul><li>plan,&nbsp;</li><li>design,&nbsp;</li><li>execute, and&nbsp;</li><li>manage software tests.&nbsp;</li></ul>



Each type of testware plays a unique role in the software testing process, helping testers to efficiently and effectively test software for quality and functionality.



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" width="640" height="427" src="https://testsigma.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/image-151.png" alt="Types of testware" class="wp-image-34888" /></figure></div>



<h3 id="h-1-test-plans">1. Test Plans</h3>



Test plans outline the scope, approach, and resources needed for a testing project. They also set the testing schedule and define the success criteria.



<h3 id="h-2-test-cases">2. Test Cases</h3>



Test cases are specific sets of conditions or variables testers use to determine if the software under test meets the requirements and works correctly. Test cases are the building blocks of the testing process, guiding testers through each step.



<h3 id="h-3-test-scripts">3. Test Scripts</h3>



Test scripts are detailed instructions that guide testers to test a specific process or functionality within the software. Test scripts are particularly useful for automating repetitive testing tasks.



<h3 id="h-4-test-data">4. Test Data</h3>



Test data is the specific data used to test the software. It can be input data that the system processes or produces output data. Test data is crucial for simulating real-world scenarios during testing.



<h3 id="h-5-test-tools">5. Test Tools</h3>



Test tools are software applications that facilitate the testing process. They can include automated testing tools, performance testing tools, and bug-tracking tools. Test tools streamline and enhance the testing process, making it more efficient and effective.



Some of the Test tools are Testsigma, Katalon, Selenium, Appium, Eggplant, etc.



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<h2 id="h-explaining-testware-with-examples-manual-and-automated-approaches">Explaining Testware with examples &#8211; Manual and automated approaches</h2>



Testware can be used to support both manual and automated testing approaches. Let me explain you in simple words here.



Manual Testing Testware



Manual testing testware typically includes the following:



<ul><li>Test cases: Detailed steps to be followed to test a particular software functionality.</li><li>Test plans: Documents outlining the scope, approach, resources, and schedule for testing activities.</li><li>Test data: Data used during manual testing to validate the correctness of the application&#8217;s functionality.</li><li>Traceability matrix: A matrix that traces test cases back to specific requirements to ensure all requirements are covered.</li></ul>



Automated Testing Testware



Automated testing testware typically includes the following:



<ul><li>Test scripts: Automated scripts written to perform specific testing actions within the software.</li><li>Test frameworks: Predefined guidelines and practices to efficiently organize and execute automated test scripts.</li><li>Test data generators: Tools or scripts that generate test data automatically for use in automated tests.</li><li><a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/automation-testing-tools/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Automation testing tools</a>: Software tools like Testsigma, Selenium, Katalon, etc., can assist in creating, executing, and managing automated test scripts.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-role-of-testware-in-software-testing">Role of Testware in Software Testing</h2>



Here are some of the key roles of testware in software testing:



<h3 id="h-1-efficiency">1. Efficiency</h3>



Testware can streamline and automate the testing process, making it more efficient and cost-effective. For example, automated test scripts can execute repetitive tests quickly and accurately. This liberates testers to focus on more complex and strategic testing tasks.



<h3 id="h-2-accuracy">2. Accuracy</h3>



Testware can help improve the testing process&#8217;s accuracy by providing a clear and structured framework for testers to follow. For example, test cases and plans can ensure that all aspects of the software are tested thoroughly and that the testing process is conducted systematically and repeatedly.



<h3 id="h-3-consistency">3. Consistency</h3>



Testware can ensure consistency in testing by providing all testers with a standard set of tools and resources. This helps to lower the risk of human error and confirms that the software is tested to the same high standards regardless of who is conducting the tests.



<h3 id="h-4-traceability">4. Traceability</h3>



Testware can help improve the test process&#8217;s traceability by recording all tests executed and the results obtained. This information can be used to track progress, identify areas of improvement, and troubleshoot any problems that may arise.



<h3 id="h-5-quality-assurance">5. Quality Assurance</h3>



Ultimately, software testing ensures that the software meets the required quality standards. Testware enables this process by providing the necessary tools and resources for extensive and effective testing.



<h2 id="h-testware-development-and-maintenance">Testware Development And Maintenance</h2>



Testware development and maintenance is an essential part of the software testing process, as it provides the tools and resources needed to ensure that the software is tested thoroughly and effectively.



&nbsp;A well-developed testware suite can help identify defects early on in the development process, reduce the time and cost of testing, and improve the software&#8217;s quality.



The following are some of the key steps involved in testware development and maintenance:



<ol><li>Understanding the requirements: The first step in testware development is to understand the requirements of the software application under test. This includes identifying the functional and non-functional requirements and the risks associated with the software.</li><li>Developing the test plan: Once the requirements have been understood, the test plan can be developed. The test plan should outline the scope of the testing, the test cases that will be executed, and the resources that will be required.</li><li>Developing the test cases: The next step is to develop the test cases. Test cases are detailed steps used to verify the functionality of the software application.</li><li>Developing the test data: The test data is the data that is used to execute the test cases. The test data should be representative of the real-world data that the software application will be used with.</li><li>Developing the test scripts: Test scripts are automated instructions for executing test cases. Test scripts can be written using a variety of programming languages and tools.</li><li>Maintaining the testware: The testware should be maintained throughout the development process to ensure that it is up-to-date and reflects the latest changes to the software application.</li></ol>



Here is an example of how testware development and maintenance might be implemented in a real-world scenario:



A software team is developing a new web application. The team begins by developing a test plan outlining the scope, approach, and resources needed to test the application. The team also develops test cases to cover the application&#8217;s functional and non-functional requirements.



As the application evolves, the team updates the test plan and test cases accordingly. The team also develops test scripts to automate the execution of repetitive test cases.



The team regularly executes the test cases and reports the results. If any defects are found, the team works with the development team to fix them before the application is released to production.



By investing in testware development and maintenance, the team can ensure that the web application is tested thoroughly and effectively before it is released to users.



<h2 id="h-conclusion">Conclusion</h2>



By investing in the right testware, teams can significantly improve their software testing process&#8217;s efficiency, accuracy, consistency, and traceability. This, in turn, helps to deliver high-quality software products to end users.



<h2 id="h-frequently-asked-questions">Frequently Asked Questions</h2>



<h3 id="h-what-is-testware-in-manual-testing">What is testware in manual testing?</h3>



Testware in manual testing is a collection of tools and artifacts used to plan, design, and execute manual tests. It helps testers to carry out <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/manual-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">manual testing</a> effectively.



<h3 id="h-in-what-phase-is-the-handover-of-testware-done">In what phase is the handover of Testware done?</h3>



The handover of testware is typically done in the test closure phase of the software development life cycle (SDLC). This phase occurs after the test execution phase and involves finalizing all test deliverables, such as test cases, test results, and test reports.&nbsp;



The testware is then handed over to the development or maintenance teams, depending on the project&#8217;s specific needs.

Testware in Software Testing What it is with Examples

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