Waterfall Model In Software Testing | What it is & Example?

Ultimate Guide to Enterprise Application Testing

A login page is important for any website/application to grant secure access to its customers. But do you know what is more important than that? A bug-free login page.&nbsp;



Certainly, no business wants an outsider to come in contact with the private data of other users. And if you run an enterprise that wants to avoid such issues, it&#8217;s important to focus on verifying the “password” and “forgot password” fields of the login page.&nbsp;



This exhaustive blog post on writing forgot password test cases is sure to assist you in the development of a login page for your upcoming projects.



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#Test_Cases_for_Password">1 Test Cases for Password</a></li><li><a href="#Test_Cases_For_Forgot_Password">2 Test Cases For Forgot Password</a></li><li><a href="#When_to_Automate_Test_Cases_For_Forgot_Password">3 When to Automate Test Cases For Forgot Password?</a></li><li><a href="#How_to_Automate_Test_Cases_For_Forgot_Password">4 How to Automate Test Cases For Forgot Password?</a></li><li><a href="#Conclusion">5 Conclusion</a></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-test-cases-for-password">Test Cases for Password</h2>



Although the password is one single field on the login page, you will realize how important it is to create password test cases so your customers are not left confused when they misplace the login credentials. Here is a list of test cases for the password field that you can follow:



<ul><li>Verify if a valid password is allowing users to successfully log in to their accounts.</li><li>Check if an invalid password entry is preventing users from logging into the account.</li><li>Check if an error message displays when the entered password is wrong.</li><li>Validate that the password field is case-sensitive.</li><li>Verify the size, font, and placement of the password input field on the page.</li><li>Check that the entered password is not visible at first and is hidden by some special characters (dots, asterisk, or such).</li><li>Test if the option to make the password visible (usually, Show Password) is present or not.</li><li>Test if clicking on the Show Password button makes the password visible to the user.</li><li>Validate that the character limit for the password field is accurate and within the range specified in the specification documents.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-test-cases-for-forgot-password">Test Cases For Forgot Password</h2>



Similar to test cases for the password field, there are many test cases for the forgot password option. Knowledge of these different tests will help you run the right cases and scripts to verify the forgot password functionality on the login page. It is an essential requirement that every user will use once. We recommend that you properly understand the value of the forgot password function before building or running the below tests.



<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td>Features under test</td><td>Test cases</td></tr><tr><td>Forgot password link</td><td>Check that the forgot password option is visible on the page. Verify that the forgot password link is clickable. Verify that clicking on the link takes the user to the forgot password page.</td></tr><tr><td>Forgot password functionality</td><td>Check if you receive an email with a password reset link with valid credentials. Check if an error message is displayed when you provide an invalid email address for forgot password. Verify that you get the password reset link for an already registered email. Login after resetting the password and see if you can successfully log in. Test that you receive a confirmation message or email after changing/resetting the password. Test if the password reset option ensures taking input that follows the guidelines of password creation. Check and see if the user gets blocked when they try to reset the password beyond a certain number of attempts. Verify that the reset password link is disabled after the new password is set. If there are any security questions, check if they are displayed right and take only valid answers. Verify that the password reset link email is sent only to the particular user’s email.</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>



<h2 id="h-when-to-automate-test-cases-for-forgot-password">When to Automate Test Cases For Forgot Password?</h2>



Both password and forgot password options have many test cases that call for thorough understanding and attention. Missing out on even one test or its result can prove to be fatal for the entire software. It may give access to an individual who is not the right user or deny entry to the owner of the account. To avoid any of such instances and more of a similar manner and intensity, automating the <a href="https://www.javatpoint.com/test-case" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test cases</a> for the password field along with forgot password option is an essential choice.



You should automate your test cases when:



<ul><li>There are numerous test cases that require immense manual effort and a high budget.</li><li>Your team has fewer members working on the project.</li><li>There are communication/collaboration issues when testing is done manually.</li><li>You want to avoid human-borne problems.</li><li>It is clear to you that opting for <a href="https://testsigma.com/automated-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test automation</a> will save you time, money, and the discomfort of working on the same thing again and again.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-how-to-automate-test-cases-for-forgot-password">How to Automate Test Cases For Forgot Password?</h2>



For forgot password testing, you can go through the test cases that we have listed above. Here, we will take the example of verifying if the user receives an email upon clicking on the password reset button with the valid email address, with Testsigma as the test automation tool. Below is the Testsigma login page with Forgot Password link.



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter"><img src="https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/bSOoxYtaZIWA9eIrTGOnTOBXFRsbaPqZVHjHrw6iPeuiC6BjC6JNydHjG_hb79hQ2BEDKF6wZxcxDhzlmUqRgb04qkEMgizZoHXsNnAYIK-vL5oKVukTC3jyf_B5vUqXplJ1JYH7MKRLf1WwrEWykcw" alt="Testsigma signup"/></figure></div>



This is the forgot password page we will request the link from:



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter"><img src="https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/BTkwxdE3eJ1H3NzFdy31FVqktxTXioTwBJiRfaF-uqYa164vnMY5Ja1nU835Ryl75A-jvOdRGsttwQFsgCM905IBPJjBKzCgTiMAc4h0ZHRavhqCPIR3-3y25VWxlgNq8sI5HMipUdtvSbiPSZk4uPg" alt="Test Cases For Forgot Password 2"/></figure></div>



Here are the steps on how you can automate the above-mentioned test case for forgot password with Testsigma tool:



Step 1:



Create a new test case with a name and navigation URL.



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter"><img src="https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/tA516tUgbRWoM0ellM7gbqMtGyNYoNgnoLfECgAYuet9g-uuthwHRhs603zP2QQUHhnJ6WmDRfhi_djUpjTwhaV-fsjCsYatcrchgsRm6gZfBGYFgC9kQy2jPznhSLbUi1EgOwlr37YLJwcromMTm1Y" alt="Test Cases For Forgot Password 3"/></figure></div>



Step 2:



Create the test steps using NLP dropdowns or the record option available in the tool. Testsigma provides multiple NLP options that you can choose to build the test steps in plain English without any coding.



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter"><img src="https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/H5GuXPK8LwyT4_tiJ-svV9IIUY9rJkT2nQIhq0Vyc0ZflTRO9xIQmew2fZYdd16mbJ6LmGZHngOJmVBiSz5aktWmEh585MbcGRX1INl6a9PU-kT_5z3VT7-7POlm6YEvMjOcZeqobFmA8Tm9iP9cA30" alt="Test Cases For Forgot Password 4"/></figure></div>



Step 3:



After you are done creating the tests, run them to see the pass and fail status. In this case, we have provided a valid email address to receive the password reset link, So the status would be Pass. You can also check screenshots and videos of the test to share with the team members.



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter"><img src="https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/NhvpdYdQoux8sLjdJEzceFQ9aB5jE9SgW4OIPdFCFQ-H7KQLUmLZ1ehKOtzXfM6NUn5Mj5hVJ_1uUQVHShkj_gBwBRVQsgWu7j0r905e7geaai97r1Ci4nwr9suFiU8X0Cy5EWDQXdcGHQxg3K-IAUE" alt="Test Cases For Forgot Password 5"/></figure></div>



Step 4:



Lastly, verify that you have received the email with the password reset link in your email. You can further check that the reset link is valid and works properly for you.



You can also check out how you can create <a href="https://testsigma.com/regression-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test cases for regression testing</a>, <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/test-cases-for-api-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">API testing</a>, and <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/what-types-of-test-cases-should-be-automated-for-efficient-cross-browser-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">cross-browser testing</a> blogs and guides to better understand Testsigma and its features.



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<h2 id="h-conclusion">Conclusion</h2>



A password is only as strong and safe as it is tested out to be. And if your application or system runs on data that needs proper authorization for user access, logging in with a username and password is intricate to your business. Here comes the need to verify password and forgot password fields with the right set of tests and automation tools.



Both these input fields ask for proper testing. We have listed almost all the necessary tests that you can follow to verify the fields. Also, check out the example we have highlighted with Testsigma and see how you can automate our web, application, and API within minutes without coding a single line.



How do you write a test case example?
A test case refers to a set of instructions that you need to run to verify certain features/functionality of the system. An example of a test case would be checking the search feature on a site by entering valid and invalid inputs.


How do you write a test case for a reset?
For a reset functionality, a test case would primarily look like checking the fields with valid and invalid input. Some of the tests would also be sending the right emails with proper reset links. We have discussed reset password test cases above in detail.


What are the possible test cases for the login page?
For the login page, test cases would include verifying the username and password functionality with positive and negative entries, checking the submit/login button, and validating successful login attempts.

How to Write Test Cases For Forgot Password and Password

How to Write Test Cases For Forgot Password and Password?

In today&#8217;s digital era, e-commerce websites have become an integral part of the retail industry. With the increasing number of online shoppers, it has become crucial for businesses to ensure that their e-commerce platforms are functioning seamlessly.&nbsp;



One of the key aspects of ensuring the quality and reliability of an e-commerce website is thorough testing.&nbsp;



In this article, we will explore the importance of testing e-commerce websites, provide a step-by-step guide on how to test them, discuss various test cases, and delve into the process of automating test cases for e-commerce websites.



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#Why_Test_E-commerce_Websites">1 Why Test E-commerce Websites?</a></li><li><a href="#How_to_Test_an_E-commerce_Website">2 How to Test an E-commerce Website?</a></li><li><a href="#Test_Cases_for_E-commerce_Website">3 Test Cases for E-commerce Website</a></li><li><a href="#When_to_Automate_Your_E-commerce_Website_Test_Cases">4 When to Automate Your E-commerce Website Test Cases?</a></li><li><a href="#How_to_Automate_Your_E-commerce_Website_Test_Cases">5 How to Automate Your E-commerce Website Test Cases:</a></li><li><a href="#Tools_for_Automating_E-commerce_Tests">6 Tools for Automating E-commerce Tests</a></li><li><a href="#Benefits_of_E-commerce_Testing">7 Benefits of E-commerce Testing:</a></li><li><a href="#Challenges_of_E-commerce_Testing">8 Challenges of E-commerce Testing:</a></li><li><a href="#Conclusion">9 Conclusion</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions">10 Frequently Asked Questions</a><ul><li><a href="#Q_What_should_I_test_on_an_e-commerce_website">10.1 Q: What should I test on an e-commerce website?</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-why-test-e-commerce-websites">Why Test E-commerce Websites?</h2>



By thoroughly testing an e-commerce website, businesses can enhance customer satisfaction, build trust, and increase conversion rates. Moreover, testing enables businesses to validate the functionality, usability, security, and performance of their platforms.



<h2 id="how-to-test-an-e-commerce-website">How to Test an E-commerce Website?</h2>



Testing an e-commerce website involves a systematic approach to cover all essential aspects. Here are the general steps to follow:



1. Identify Test Scenarios: Begin by understanding the different user actions and interactions that can occur on the website. This includes scenarios like user registration, product search, adding items to the cart, payment processing, and order placement.



2. Define Test Cases: Once the test scenarios are identified, create specific test cases for each scenario. Test cases should include inputs, expected outputs, and any preconditions or dependencies.



3. Prioritize Test Cases: Prioritize the test cases based on the criticality of the functionality being tested, user impact, and business requirements.



4. Execute Test Cases: Execute the defined test cases on the e-commerce website, following the test scripts and documenting the results.



5. Log and Track Defects: If any defects are found during the testing process, log them in a defect tracking system and track their resolution until they are fixed.



6. Retest Fixed Defects: After the identified defects are resolved, retest the affected areas to ensure the fixes are effective and have not introduced any new issues.



In addition to the above, please find below a diagram that showcases a few important things to test in an E-Commerce website.&nbsp;



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/5ckTO6MeRu8xgBNQuBxUZqsTq219Qb0BlvGM12bTTNoz-IXRnpbuCFOgMjOktyBBXuKnETZ-0F7e6vLxKcP_bRfdqlg2eAKIaofaFX20P7QsAojHSyIb1bIOwKtcKA1a4AZVOyU3Dk-A3ZfRCVDtYXI" alt="Testsigma - Test automation platform" /></figure>



 <h2 id="h-test-cases-for-e-commerce-website">Test Cases for E-commerce Website</h2>



<p id="test-cases-for-e-commerce-websitein-this-section-we-will-explore-various-test-cases-that-cover-different-areas-of-an-e-commerce-website-including-the-general-functionality-home-page-search-feature-payments-shopping-cart-address-book-and-registration-page-let-s-dive-into-each-of-these-categories-and-understand-the-key-test-cases-to-consider"> In this section, we will explore various test cases that cover different areas of an e-commerce website, including the general functionality, home page, search feature, payments, shopping cart, address book, and registration page. Let&#8217;s dive into each of these categories and understand the key test cases to consider: 



1. General Test Cases: 



&#8211; Verify that the website loads properly on different browsers and devices.



&#8211; Validate the responsiveness of the website design for mobile and tablet devices.



&#8211; Check if the website has a clear and consistent navigation menu for easy user browsing.



2. Home Page Test Cases: 



&#8211; Ensure that the homepage displays relevant and updated information.



&#8211; Verify that featured products, promotions, and banners are visible and functioning correctly.



&#8211; Test the search functionality on the homepage to ensure accurate results.



3. Search Test Cases: 



&#8211; Validate the search functionality by testing different search queries and ensuring relevant products are displayed.



&#8211; Check if the search filters and sorting options work as expected.



&#8211; Test the search autocomplete feature for efficiency and accuracy.



4. Payments Test Cases: 



&#8211; Test the different payment methods available on the website, such as credit cards, PayPal, or any other payment gateway.



&#8211; Validate that payment transactions are processed securely and without any errors.



&#8211; Verify that order confirmation emails are sent to customers after successful payment.



5. Shopping Cart Page Test Cases: 



&#8211; Verify that products are added and removed from the cart correctly.



&#8211; Test the quantity update feature in the cart.



&#8211; Validate the subtotal, taxes, and shipping calculations on the cart page.



6. Address Book Test Cases: 



&#8211; Test the address management feature, including adding, editing, and deleting addresses.



&#8211; Ensure that the addresses are correctly associated with the customer account.



&#8211; Validate that the selected shipping address is displayed accurately during the checkout process.



7. Registration Page Test Cases: 



&#8211; Test the user registration process, including form validation and error handling.



&#8211; Validate that user accounts are created successfully and can be logged in to.



&#8211; Verify that the account confirmation email is sent after registration.



In addition to the above test cases, it is equally important to understand the designing and techniques of the test cases. To have a thorough insight in the same, here is a recommended article by our team: <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/test-case-design-techniques/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Test Case Design Techniques in Software Testing</a>.&nbsp;



<h2 id="when-to-automate-your-e-commerce-website-test-cases">When to Automate Your E-commerce Website Test Cases?</h2>



Automating test cases for an e-commerce website can significantly increase efficiency and speed up the testing process. Automation is recommended in the following scenarios:



&#8211; High frequency of test execution: When there are <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/what-is-test-case/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test cases</a> that need to be executed frequently, automating them can help save time and effort.



&#8211; Complex workflows: If the e-commerce website has intricate workflows that involve multiple steps, automation can ensure accurate execution and reduce the chances of human error.



&#8211; Performance and load testing: Automating performance and load testing allows simulating heavy user traffic and identifying potential bottlenecks.



<h2 id="how-to-automate-your-e-commerce-website-test-cases">How to Automate Your E-commerce Website Test Cases: </h2>



To automate test cases for an e-commerce website, consider the following steps:



1. Choose a Test Automation Framework: Select a suitable <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/test-automation-frameworks/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test automation framework</a> that aligns with your project requirements and supports the technologies used in your e-commerce website.



2. Identify Test Cases for Automation: Prioritize test cases that are stable, repetitive, time-consuming to execute manually, and critical for the website&#8217;s functionality.



3. Select an Automation Tool: There are several automation tools available in the market, such as Testsigma, Selenium, Appium or TestComplete. Choose a tool that best fits your requirements and offers a user-friendly interface.



4. Develop Test Scripts: Write test scripts using the chosen automation tool, considering the test cases identified for automation. Ensure the test scripts cover various scenarios and validate the essential functionalities of the e-commerce website.



5. Execute and Maintain Test Scripts: Execute the automated test scripts on a regular basis and maintain them by updating them as the website evolves. Regularly review and enhance the test scripts to improve test coverage and accuracy.



Below is an example of how test cases for an ecommerce website can be automated with a no-code test automation tool, Testsigma.



1. Navigate to the homepage of the e-commerce website: This step involves opening the e-commerce website in a browser. In Testsigma, you can use a simple command like &#8220;Go to URL &#8216;https://www.yourwebsite.com'&#8221;.



2. Search for a specific product: This step involves entering the product name into the search bar and submitting the search. In Testsigma, you can use commands like &#8220;Type &#8216;Product Name&#8217; into &#8216;Search Bar'&#8221; and &#8220;Click on &#8216;Search Button'&#8221;.



3. Click on the product to go to the product details page: This step involves selecting the product from the search results to view its details. In Testsigma, you can use a command like &#8220;Click on &#8216;Product Link'&#8221;.



4. Click on the &#8220;Add to Cart&#8221; button: This step involves adding the product to the shopping cart. In Testsigma, you can use a command like &#8220;Click on &#8216;Add to Cart Button'&#8221;.



In each of these steps, &#8216;Search Bar&#8217;, &#8216;Search Button&#8217;, &#8216;Product Link&#8217;, and &#8216;Add to Cart Button&#8217; are placeholders for the actual identifiers of these elements on your website. You&#8217;ll need to replace them with the actual identifiers, which can be the name, ID, CSS selector, XPath, etc., depending on what&#8217;s available and reliable for your website.



Also, Testsigma allows the use of variables and data-driven testing. For example, you can store the product name in a variable and use it in the test steps. This allows you to easily change the product you&#8217;re testing without modifying the test steps.



Remember to save your test case after defining all the steps. You can then run this test case to verify the &#8220;Add to Cart&#8221; functionality of your e-commerce website.



By following these steps, you can effectively automate your e-commerce website test cases using the Testsigma automation tool.



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For more details refer to Testsigma documentation here: testsigma.com/docs



<h2 id="tools-for-automating-e-commerce-tests">Tools for Automating E-commerce Tests </h2>



When it comes to automating e-commerce tests, several reliable tools are available. Here are a few notable ones:



1. Testsigma: <a href="https://testsigma.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Testsigma </a>is a cloud-based test automation tool designed specifically for web and mobile application testing. It offers an intuitive interface, scriptless test automation, and integrations with popular CI/CD tools.&nbsp;



2. Selenium: Selenium is a popular open-source automation framework that supports multiple programming languages and browsers. It provides a wide range of features for automating web application testing.&nbsp;



3. Appium: Appium is an open-source tool for automating mobile applications, both native and hybrid. It supports various platforms, including iOS and Android, making it ideal for e-commerce websites with dedicated mobile apps.



4. TestComplete: TestComplete is a comprehensive commercial automation tool that supports web, mobile, and desktop application testing. It offers a user-friendly interface and extensive features for automating test cases.



<h2 id="benefits-of-e-commerce-testing">Benefits of E-commerce Testing: </h2>



Thorough testing of e-commerce websites offers several benefits, including:



1. Improved User Experience: Thorough testing ensures that the website functions seamlessly, providing users with a smooth and satisfying shopping experience.



2. Enhanced Security: Testing helps identify and fix security vulnerabilities, protecting customer data and preventing unauthorized access.



3. Higher Conversion Rates: A well-tested e-commerce website builds trust with customers, leading to increased conversion rates and higher sales.



4. Better Performance: Testing helps optimize website performance, ensuring fast loading times and smooth navigation.



<h2 id="challenges-of-e-commerce-testing">Challenges of E-commerce Testing:</h2>



Testing e-commerce websites comes with its own set of challenges, including:



1. Wide Range of Devices and Browsers: E-commerce websites need to be tested across multiple devices and browsers to ensure compatibility and a consistent user experience.



Thus, It is recommended to have a set of smoke or <a href="https://www.javatpoint.com/sanity-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">sanity tests</a> automated that can be automated and regularly executed on all supported devices.



2. Complex Business Logic: E-commerce platforms often involve intricate workflows and business rules that require thorough testing to ensure accurate functionality.



Thus, a proper focus on testing &#8211; both manual and automated &#8211; is recommended.



3. Data Management: Testing e-commerce websites requires managing large volumes of test data, including products, user accounts, and transaction data.



4. Dynamic Content: E-commerce websites frequently update product catalogs, promotions, and content, which poses a challenge in maintaining accurate and up-to-date test data.



Designing a test strategy that focuses on above points will ensure a high-quality ecommerce website at all times.



<h2 id="conclusion">Conclusion</h2>



Testing plays a crucial role in ensuring the quality, reliability, and security of e-commerce websites.&nbsp;



By following a systematic testing approach, identifying and executing relevant test cases, and considering automation where applicable, businesses can deliver exceptional user experiences, increase customer satisfaction, and drive the success of their online platforms.&nbsp;



With the availability of automation tools like Testsigma, the process of automating e-commerce test cases becomes more efficient and effective, allowing businesses to achieve faster time-to-market and maintain a competitive edge in the digital landscape.



<h2 id="frequently-asked-questions">Frequently Asked Questions</h2>



<h3 id="q-what-should-i-test-on-an-e-commerce-website">Q: What should I test on an e-commerce website? </h3>



Ans. When testing an e-commerce website, it is important to focus on various aspects such as:&nbsp;



<ul><li>Responsiveness</li><li>Navigation</li><li>search functionality</li><li>Payments</li><li>shopping cart</li><li>address management</li><li>user registration</li><li>website accessibility</li></ul>



Additionally, you should consider testing order placement, order tracking, customer reviews, and any other crucial features specific to your e-commerce platform.&nbsp;





Ecommerce Testing
<blockquote class="wp-embedded-content" data-secret="EwLDzvdeIQ"><a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/ecommerce-testing/">E-Commerce Testing &#8211; What, Why &amp; How You Should Do It?</a></blockquote><iframe class="wp-embedded-content" sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);" title="&#8220;E-Commerce Testing &#8211; What, Why &amp; How You Should Do It?&#8221; &#8212; Testsigma Blog" src="https://testsigma.com/blog/ecommerce-testing/embed/#?secret=ql05ODHadc#?secret=EwLDzvdeIQ" data-secret="EwLDzvdeIQ" width="500" height="282" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"></iframe>

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As software development becomes more complex, it is increasingly important to have effective testing strategies. One key part of that is using Test Artifacts. Developers and testers should be aware of various types of test artifacts to test software effectively.&nbsp;



This blog post will explore these different test artifacts and explain their significance in testing. You can be a software developer, tester, or project manager, and understanding the role of test artifacts in testing will undoubtedly improve the quality of your software.&nbsp;



So, let&#8217;s dive in and explore the world of test artifacts!



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#What_are_Test_Artifacts">1 What are Test Artifacts?</a></li><li><a href="#Reasons_for_Having_and_Not_Having_Test_Artifacts">2 Reasons for Having and Not Having Test Artifacts</a></li><li><a href="#Test_Artifacts_in_Test_Automation">3 Test Artifacts in Test Automation</a></li><li><a href="#Summary">4 Summary</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions">5 Frequently Asked Questions</a><ul><li><a href="#What_is_an_example_of_a_test_artifact">5.1 What is an example of a test artifact?</a></li><li><a href="#What_are_the_different_types_of_artifacts_in_DevOps">5.2 What are the different types of artifacts in DevOps?</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-what-are-test-artifacts">What are Test Artifacts?</h2>



Test artifacts(test deliverables) are documents and scripts created during software testing to ensure that the tested application meets the desired quality standards. These artifacts provide evidence of the testing process and valuable insights into the overall testing efforts.



There are various types of test artifacts, each serving a specific purpose. Test plans, test cases, and test scripts are some of the most common test artifacts used in software testing. Understanding the different types of test artifacts and their purpose is essential for effective software testing.



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter"><img src="https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/1L9lAxDjQD83IvUz3C0QrTKUcZWmL1U97jxO6O369eUsJsE3jnApB4WDCBNUtjarbxNzX6edJ3-7jWkCpo8Mya0xz1cHQR7m-G3sIQlo0uWG8knWIKu7flvC9PCji0A_y8tZhpT4OK_Pv4whUrvBBts" alt="Testsigma - Test automation platform"/></figure></div>



 <h2 id="h-reasons-for-having-and-not-having-test-artifacts">Reasons for Having and Not Having Test Artifacts</h2>



&nbsp;Several factors may influence the need for test artifacts:&nbsp;



1. Company rules: Some industries, like aerospace, nuclear power, or healthcare, are strict about testing and paperwork. They might need us to produce detailed reports.&nbsp;



2. Project needs: If we&#8217;re working on something that needs to be super good and reliable, we might need to make more test stuff than usual to ensure everything is covered.



3. What stakeholders want: Testers, Developers, Project managers, and Customers may all have different ideas about what they need from testing results. Developers might need detailed reports to understand and deal with issues, while the customers may want a summary of how good and reliable the product is.



4. What we&#8217;re trying to do: The <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/what-goals-software-testing-panorama-software-solutions" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">testing goals</a> also play a part in deciding how much we need from the testing results. We need more detailed and extensive testing results to find and fix as many problems as possible before the release. But if our goal is just to meet a basic level of quality, more detailed testing results might not be needed.



There are a few reasons why an organization might only need some test stuff for a project. Here are some factors that could affect this decision:&nbsp;



1. How complicated the project is: If it&#8217;s a pretty simple project with only a few features and not a lot of stuff going on, making all the test things you&#8217;d need for a bigger project might not be necessary.&nbsp;



2. What resources are available: If the organization has few resources, making all the test stuff you&#8217;d need for a super comprehensive testing effort might not make sense.



3. How risky the project is: If it is a high-risk project, it may be necessary to produce more test artifacts to thoroughly test the system and ensure it meets all required specifications.&nbsp;



When figuring out what test efforts are needed, it is also important to think about what you&#8217;re trying to accomplish. Don&#8217;t waste time on stuff that is not helping you reach your goals. Stick to the most important things.



<h2 id="h-test-artifacts-in-test-automation">Test Artifacts in Test Automation</h2>



Here we refer to using automated tools and technologies to streamline and enhance the creation, execution, and management of various test artifacts. As we discussed earlier about Test artifacts, now you know these are the essential elements in the software testing lifecycle that document different aspects of the testing process.&nbsp;



Let&#8217;s delve into each type of test artifact and explore how automation can benefit them:



1. Test Strategy: The <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/software-testing-strategy/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test strategy</a> outlines the overall approach and objectives for testing a software product or system. This test strategy can detail the process of test automation which can then be put to action.



2. Test Plan: A test plan provides a detailed roadmap for executing tests, including scope, resources, timelines, and entry/exit criteria. Automation tools can aid in generating test plans by automatically populating relevant information based on project parameters.



3. Test Scenario: A test scenario defines a specific situation or event that needs to be tested within an application or system. In certain conditions, it is recommended that these test scenarios be authored and executed using test automation tools. That is when automating these tests could help generate ROI in the long run.



4. Test Cases: <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/what-is-test-case/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Test cases</a> are detailed instructions specifying inputs, expected outputs, preconditions, and post-conditions for executing tests on specific functionalities or components of an application. Similar to test scenarios, there are certain conditions, when it is recommended that these test cases be automated using test automation tools.&nbsp;



5. Test Data: Test data encompasses all inputs required to execute tests effectively. This test data is useful when test cases and test scenarios are automated too.&nbsp;



6. Documentation: Automated documentation generation tools simplify creating comprehensive reports on testing activities such as requirements traceability matrices (RTMs), progress reports, and defect metrics.



7. Defect/Bug Report: There are test automation tools that integrate with various bug/<a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/defect-tracking-tools/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">defect tracking tools</a>. These tools create a bug report automatically when a bug is caught via automated test cases and test scenarios.



8. Summary Report: Summary reports overview the overall testing progress and key metrics such as test coverage, pass/fail rates, and defect trends. There are test automation tools that generate these summary reports automatically for the tests executed and their reports.



Here, we discussed some test artifacts that can also be created via <a href="https://testsigma.com/">automation tools</a> and technologies.



Testsigma is a no-code <a href="https://testsigma.com/qa-automation-tools" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test automation tool</a> that makes creation of test cases very easy by letting you create them in simple English.&nbsp;



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<h2 id="h-summary">Summary</h2>



In conclusion, to ensure product quality, it is sometimes essential to create all test artifacts.



These test artifacts are required to have a thorough testing process, but it is also important to prioritize and concentrate on the most significant and relevant artifacts.



<h2 id="h-frequently-asked-questions">Frequently Asked Questions</h2>



<h3 id="h-what-is-an-example-of-a-test-artifact">What is an example of a test artifact?</h3>



An example of a test artifact could be a test plan document. A test plan outlines the overall approach, objectives, and scope of testing for a specific project or software application. It includes details about the testing strategy, resources required, test environment setup, and the specific tests to be executed.



<h3 id="h-what-are-the-different-types-of-artifacts-in-devops">What are the different types of artifacts in DevOps?</h3>



DevOps has different types of artifacts, including source code, binaries, configuration files, and deployment scripts.

Test Artifacts Explained With Types

What are Non Functional Testing Types with Examples & Tools

Before buying any smartphone, do you usually give it a check as per your needs? A trial run is always the best idea if you wish to encounter no problems with the product during use.&nbsp;Similarly, prior to launching any mobile application (or a website, for that matter), field testing is important. It checks the ability of the application to function under real-life conditions before it is released to the users.



Let’s see how field testing is critical for testing every mobile application today.



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#What_is_Field_Testing">1 What is Field Testing?</a></li><li><a href="#Why_is_Field_Testing_Important">2 Why is Field Testing Important?</a></li><li><a href="#Who_Does_Field_Testing">3 Who Does Field Testing?</a></li><li><a href="#When_Does_Field_Testing_Happen">4 When Does Field Testing Happen?</a></li><li><a href="#Field_Testing_and_Test_Automation">5 Field Testing and Test Automation</a></li><li><a href="#How_to_Run_a_Field_Test">6 How to Run a Field Test?</a></li><li><a href="#Limitations">7 Limitations </a></li><li><a href="#Examples_of_Tests_that_Can_Be_Verified_in_Field_Test">8 Examples of Tests that Can Be Verified in Field Test</a></li><li><a href="#Best_Practices">9 Best Practices</a></li><li><a href="#Summary">10 Summary</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions">11 Frequently Asked Questions</a><ul><li><a href="#Which_testing_is_also_called_field_testing">11.1 Which testing is also called field testing?</a></li><li><a href="#What_is_the_primary_advantage_of_field_tests">11.2 What is the primary advantage of field tests?</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-what-is-field-testing">What is Field Testing?</h2>



Field testing refers to the process of testing and evaluating an application in real-world conditions outside of the controlled development environment. Testers deploy this approach for both web and mobile applications with the aim of gathering real-user feedback and identifying any issues or potential improvements before the official release.



In mobile, it involves deploying the app to actual devices and having users interact with it in their everyday environments. Typically, the testing is done on mobile networks only. It is a type of <a href="https://testsigma.com/mobile-testing">mobile testing</a>.



Field testing checks the app on various devices, operating systems, and network conditions to assess its performance, functionality, usability, and overall user experience. The goal is to uncover issues and collect feedback that went unnoticed during the development and testing phases.



One fascinating aspect of field tests is the discovery of unexpected user behaviors and usage patterns. Despite extensive testing during development, field testing often uncovers unique scenarios that developers may not have anticipated. These scenarios could include different network conditions, diverse device configurations, or user interactions that were not replicated in the testing environment. By conducting field testing, developers gain valuable insights into how their app performs in the hands of real users, allowing them to identify and address any issues or optimizations needed for a better user experience.



<h2 id="h-why-is-field-testing-important">Why is Field Testing Important?</h2>



Field tests are a perfect way of experimenting with your product before launching it to your customer base. The short time window between the final testing and the release date is when the field test is performed. The process allows you to:



<ul><li>Gain access to unhinged feedback from a small portion of users who interact with the application.</li><li>Develop products that are error-free and ready for launch.</li><li>Collect critical data that are essential to improve the application and its features.</li><li>Work on new features and upgrades for the future.</li><li>Use the test data from the users for other purposes, such as sales and marketing.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-who-does-field-testing">Who Does Field Testing?</h2>



Since field testing is done at the last stage of development, product managers, marketing managers, and the support team takes care of the process. They provide the application access to users and gain maximum insight from their feedback.



<h2 id="h-when-does-field-testing-happen">When Does Field Testing Happen?</h2>



Field testing in software testing occurs at the later stage of application development. It comes even after alpha and beta testing. And because the application is made available to only a few users, field testing is also called a limited release or soft launch. The right hierarchy of testing is given below:



Alpha testing -&gt; Beta testing -&gt; Field testing -&gt; Application launch -&gt; Support



<h2 id="h-field-testing-and-test-automation">Field Testing and Test Automation</h2>



Field testing involves a few users checking out the application before releasing it to all the customers. It’s like ‘playing the field’ before the main game starts. And because users interact with the app on their own, there is no room for automation in this scenario.



However, there might come instances after field testing is complete where you would need automation. That is when you receive feedback from the users, which requires you to address bugs or features that went unnoticed before. Such insights give rise to new test cases, which can be automated using the right tools to save time and cost. And surely, an effective approach here is to go for a test automation tool, such as <a href="https://testsigma.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Testsigma</a>, to run all the test cases.



It is a powerful, AI-powered tool that easily supports web and mobile application testing. The simple interface and <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/the-era-of-low-code-no-code-platforms-what-you-should-know/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">no-code testing</a> make the tool a go-to option for less complex tests that do not need many resources, which might often be the case after field testing. Testsigma provides a cloud-based testing platform that supports end-to-end test automation for mobile applications. It allows testers to create and execute test scripts across different devices, operating systems, and network conditions.



 <button class="btn bg-primary cta-btn" style="margin: auto"><a href="https://testsigma.com/signup" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="color:#fff">Automate your tests for web, mobile, desktops and APIs, 10x faster, with Testsigma</a></button> 



For instance, let&#8217;s consider a simple mobile application that involves searching and sorting products as per their category. Clothes go into apparel, laptops and mobiles are under electronics, medicine and household products are under essentials, and so on. With Testsigma, field tests for this application can be automated after you receive suggestions from the limited user base. You can design test scripts to run regression tests and validate the right sorting with their cost and usage.



<h2 id="h-how-to-run-a-field-test">How to Run a Field Test?</h2>



Like other user tests, field testing offers a multi-step approach that includes planning, designing, testing, and analyzing reports. Let’s look at these steps individually.



<ul><li>Planning: Clearly, every process begins with the planning phase. It consists of a simple and concise document outlining the goals, objectives, deadline, authority, and results of the project. This stage involves talking to the stakeholders, project managers, and developers; basically, everyone is involved in the process of creating the document.</li><li>Designing: In the designing phase, the document is shared with the responsible individuals of the teams who would be working on the project. They will understand the task and start developing the application with all the necessary resources.</li><li>Testing: This step comes after the designing/development when testers get involved in the project to validate the application for its authenticity and specifications. They perform their own set of tests, manual or automated, and share the finally passed product which undergoes field testing using a small portion of users.</li><li>Analyzing: The last phase analyzes testers&#8217; results after running the previous step. It includes assessing the success of the test and its implications and making recommendations for improvements, further tests, or next steps.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-limitations">Limitations </h2>



Field testing has several limitations that should be taken into consideration when planning and interpreting the results. Here are some common limitations associated with field testing:



<ul><li>Field tests can be challenging as it is conducted in real-world environments where conditions can be highly variable.</li><li>Field tests are resource-intensive and time-consuming, requiring a dedicated team of QAs to perform all the steps that include real-world scenarios.</li><li>It can be risky to make the mobile application available to the end-users, however small in portion, without offering them initial guidance about the features and functions of the app.</li><li>For most testers and businesses, procuring multiple devices of varying dimensions and software specifications to execute field testing can be challenging.</li></ul>



It is possible to mitigate all these issues. You need to carefully plan and prioritize field testing efforts from the beginning.



<h2 id="h-examples-of-tests-that-can-be-verified-in-field-test">Examples of Tests that Can Be Verified in Field Test</h2>



Suppose you are building an application that tracks stock prices and allows users to buy/sell them in real time. The functions of the app would include:



<ul><li>giving stock information,</li><li>adding money to the app wallet,</li><li>enabling the buying/selling option within seconds, and</li><li>making all the payments without any interruptions, as stock prices are quite volatile.</li></ul>



Not to mention that hundreds of thousands of users would simultaneously do all of these. Two of the field tests for this type of application would be checking the network and connectivity testing and performance testing.



Test the application&#8217;s performance and behavior for network and connectivity validation under different network conditions, such as 3G, 4G, Wi-Fi, or low signal strength areas. Verify that the application works properly and efficiently handles network interruptions.



For performance, you need to check if the application can withstand certain load/visitor limits. Testers usually do that by hitting the app with huge traffic. In field testing, that can be done by asking users to consistently open the app and perform some activities to see if the application is performing everything properly.



Some other field tests that you can conduct for this application are checking how it affects the battery and power consumption of the mobile and validating if the UI is displaying correctly on different devices with varying dimensions.&nbsp;



<h2 id="h-best-practices">Best Practices</h2>



Let’s look at some of the best practices for field testing that will make it easier for you to deliver an unexceptionally high-quality mobile application to your users:



<ul><li>Select a diverse set of devices representative of your target user base.</li><li>Test the app under various network conditions, including different signal strengths, network speeds (3G, 4G, Wi-Fi), and network providers. This helps assess the app&#8217;s performance and reliability across different connectivity.</li><li>Define specific test scenarios and use cases that cover a wide range of user interactions and workflows.</li><li>Perform field tests after all the <a href="https://testsigma.com/regression-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">regression tests</a> are complete, and you have a list of <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/what-is-test-case/">test cases</a> to support your testing process.</li><li>Be detailed and clear while logging the feedback to ensure no communication gap or confusion about how the app works.</li><li>Pay attention to the app&#8217;s impact on device resources such as battery life, CPU usage, memory, and data consumption.</li><li>Lastly, refine and enhance the app using the insights gained from field testing.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-summary">Summary</h2>



Any product becomes a hit when users accept it and like it. Same with mobile applications. But how do you make sure that users like the final product without releasing it to them? You launch the app for your users. Confused?



Field testing validates a mobile application in real-life conditions by making it available to a few potential customers. It helps product managers and stakeholders to gather critical insight into the functioning of the application before making it public for everyone to use.



<h2 id="h-frequently-asked-questions">Frequently Asked Questions</h2>



<h3 id="h-which-testing-is-also-called-field-testing">Which testing is also called field testing?</h3>



Field testing is also called Beta testing, which aims to select a group of users, known as beta testers, to evaluate the software in a real-world environment before its official release. During <a href="https://www.javatpoint.com/beta-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">beta testing</a>, the software is made available to a limited number of external users who represent the target audience or a specific user group, which is a similar approach to field testing.



<h3 id="h-what-is-the-primary-advantage-of-field-tests">What is the primary advantage of field tests?</h3>



Primary advantages of field testing in software testing include real-world user feedback, identifying usability issues, validating software performance in varying environments, uncovering unanticipated bugs, enhancing user experience, and gaining insights into user preferences.

What is Field Testing Explained With Examples

What is Field Testing? Explained With Examples

Did you find a bug? I mean in the software! Software bugs can be the bane of any software project, causing delays, disruption, or even software failures. Any software development project must pay close attention to bug identification and resolution. This blog looks at some of the most common bugs in software testing processes. We&#8217;ll also explore how they can be identified and solved quickly and effectively so software projects can stay on track and meet their goals.&nbsp;



By looking at these common bug types, we can better understand how to manage them and ensure that our software projects stay on course.



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter"><img src="https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/Gh8JZgvgg4QlHtNcD3nkOt2kA_H9b07vvVCeyA0Ut8AcjkhQxgAkxL2O26Tjrf5fjVHO9LL_iCFc2q8KQ_F698acYeBd2gtrT8RCnncsCQ64Q4MgpP-jp21xsVTqIHektmZXODHGPJagdyXCF2KArw" alt="find a bug
" /></figure></div>



Did you <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/how-to-find-bugs/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">find a BUG</a>?



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#What_is_a_Software_Bug">1 What is a Software Bug?</a></li><li><a href="#Different_Types_of_Bugs_in_Software_Testing">2 Different Types of Bugs in Software Testing:</a><ul><li><a href="#1_Functional_Bugs">2.1 1. Functional Bugs</a></li><li><a href="#2_Logical_Bugs">2.2 2. Logical Bugs</a></li><li><a href="#3_Workflow_Bugs">2.3 3. Workflow Bugs</a></li><li><a href="#4_Unit_Level_Bugs">2.4 4. Unit Level Bugs</a></li><li><a href="#5_System-Level_Integration_Bugs">2.5 5. System-Level Integration Bugs</a></li><li><a href="#6_Out_of_Bound_Bugs">2.6 6. Out of Bound Bugs</a></li><li><a href="#7_Security_Bugs">2.7 7. Security Bugs</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Common_Examples_of_Software_Bugs">3 Common Examples of Software Bugs</a></li><li><a href="#Impact_of_Software_Bugs">4 Impact of Software Bugs!</a></li><li><a href="#How_to_Find_Underlying_Software_Bugs">5 How to Find Underlying Software Bugs?</a></li><li><a href="#Identify_and_Resolve_Bugs">6 Identify and Resolve Bugs!</a></li><li><a href="#Conclusion">7 Conclusion</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions">8 Frequently Asked Questions</a><ul><li><a href="#What_is_the_most_common_type_of_software_bug">8.1 What is the most common type of software bug?</a></li><li><a href="#What_is_the_classification_of_a_bug_in_testing">8.2 What is the classification of a bug in testing?</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-what-is-a-software-bug">What is a Software Bug?</h2>



Software bugs are errors, flaws, deficiencies, or defects in a computer program or system that cause it to produce an incorrect or unexpected result or to behave in unintended ways.



<h2 id="h-different-types-of-bugs-in-software-testing">Different Types of Bugs in Software Testing:</h2>



Software bugs can be classified into multiple categories based on their nature and impact. Broadly speaking, these categories include Functional Bugs, Logical Bugs, Workflow Bugs, Unit Level Bugs, System-Level Integration Bugs, Out of Bound Bugs, and Security Bugs.



<h3 id="h-1-functional-bugs">1. Functional Bugs</h3>



Functional bugs refer to defects or issues in software applications that affect their intended functionality. These bugs can manifest in various ways, such as incorrect calculations, unexpected behavior, crashes, or unresponsive features. They can arise due to coding errors, inadequate testing, compatibility issues, or external factors like hardware limitations.



For example, for functional testing, let us consider a scenario wherein the user logs into their Testsigma account. The Email field within the login page fails to accept special characters like “@” and “.”, , triggering a functional defect in the form of an error message.



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/wGbyDNpHKGBOktYYYq2wMyll0XIcFXfg4LWN_kapKqUJVAXSmn2stEKc7tAad4haOOArZxCRYIrMgg5uXdFlCzVOLUPA40l3j_nEPsfJA6KyhtVztzKvVRDjVz2JfPTWIZ6HiFszuHC9" alt="Functional bug" /></figure>



 <h3 id="h-2-logical-bugs">2. Logical Bugs</h3>



Do you know Logical bugs are common in software development and can be quite challenging to identify and fix? Unlike syntax errors, which are relatively easy to spot due to their violation of the programming language&#8217;s rules, logical bugs occur when the code does not produce the expected output or behavior.



In the image shown below, the user&#8217;s action of clicking on the &#8220;Blog&#8221; page in Testsigma is depicted. It would be considered a logical bug if the user is redirected to the &#8220;Support&#8221; or any other page.



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/8VWWdDK-NnRIZnz_fvH_9X8PVMi8ZchO4aDjO2qubY_sn8FRRr9m2OxP93SmN5w2i8Dki2nPqoyeIzp3jjmN-yUYmkn9hJ-Qrv47waMbg8zPTK6oHhEFGFg1X3YQnp6U9SHgc89MCclT" alt="logical bug" /></figure>



 <h3 id="h-3-workflow-bugs">3. Workflow Bugs</h3>



This bug can be a major hindrance to productivity and efficiency in any organization. These bugs refer to glitches, errors, or bottlenecks within a workflow process, causing team members delays, confusion, and frustration.



Let&#8217;s consider an example to explain this concept. Upon accessing the website &#8211; <a href="https://testsigma.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Testsigma.com</a> on the below-mentioned page, the user is expected to be redirected to the documents page upon clicking the &#8220;Doc&#8221; icon. However, this expected behavior does not occur. In that case, it can be inferred that a workflow bug exists within the system.



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/dwZattff_0AEIj5jppiIfSGzL_degsZmZB3gGrwZnykDYfWGxuOseRip0I4ZJPlO4p9gzMN3pq2LsEKukFNqB9xuH6CgsiVj1DbOuIP4YmDLFSyX2UG1EgtFKk98mgBm9pTaXg4cQ5h2" alt="workflow bug" /></figure>



 <h3 id="h-4-unit-level-bugs">4. Unit Level Bugs</h3>



Unit-level bugs refer to the defects or errors at the smallest testable component of a software system, known as a unit. These units can be functions, methods, classes, or modules. When developers write code, they break it into smaller units to make it more manageable and easier to test.



Explaining a unit-level bug through an example is a simple task. The image shows no action after clicking the &#8220;Schedule a Demo&#8221; button. Based on this observation, it can be concluded that the issue is a unit-level bug, which pertains to a defect that occurs at the smallest unit of code &#8211; a module, function, or statement.



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/fbPBDCi5jceOODQXQioHzfyNS2COD3thQLwgN3raQ0KBauLxruHW3zVV4FxxvR7oqd0zgog6k7j99GzzTJj_rgbifo_6yvcLBuQR0c3rXWBHMjNGXWyPKxUS2OCkF8b1cibsiJO-otJq" alt="Unit level bug" /></figure>



 <h3 id="h-5-system-level-integration-bugs">5. System-Level Integration Bugs</h3>



System-level integration bugs refer to the issues that arise when different components or subsystems of a complex system fail to work together seamlessly. These bugs can occur for various reasons, such as incompatible interfaces, module miscommunication, or inadequate testing.



Consider an example scenario &#8211;



Suppose we have a web application with multiple modules like user registration, login,&nbsp; checkout and payment processing. Different teams develop each module, which must be integrated for the application to function correctly. The application throws an error when the user clicks on “Proceed to Payment” &#8211; means the system failed where the checkout was integrated with payment. This will be an example of a system-level integration bug.



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/gkAzt_acii0beOnuyoeZ6ZbdmTmvxNQ5TyYZuc89uIp3qT5w7oY_fc502y0co7bmkL9zxGktQ119UnfcVy9FvcsD52XwRLHT-mZggY5Yh0_iiqTj1cJWMSYy-nbiB2GxVcIA8_eLL7L4" alt="system level integration bug" /></figure>



 <h3 id="h-6-out-of-bound-bugs">6. Out of Bound Bugs</h3>



Out Of Bound Bugs occur with logical and arithmetic errors exceeding the allowable boundaries of a specified operation.



Consider the following scenario in which a user attempts to schedule a Demo in Testsigma. Upon navigating to the TimeSlot page, the user incorrectly selects a date one day before the current date, July 18th, 2023. As a result, the Demo gets scheduled for July 17th, 2023, which is outside the acceptable range of dates. This can be categorized as an out-of-bounds bug.



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/_g9aj1Y_TfZ3aNgVWjcD442fjWmmbrhmQXeCuU4fx2PlTGOe3HH5nkRv08eGB6cSgdv-HMkDH66Tnqhk3V10Na2fzxtiiXiqXs5fuaDjsDG2e3oRx_wELuhkdw8W16tioQ5kpwD-QO4K" alt="Out of bound bug" /></figure>



 <h3 id="h-7-security-bugs">7. Security Bugs</h3>



These are persistent and concerning issues in the world of technology. These bugs refer to vulnerabilities or flaws in software, hardware, or systems that malicious actors can exploit to gain unauthorized access, steal sensitive information, disrupt services, or cause other harmful consequences.



So, here is an example of a security flaw. Look at the image below where the user enters the wrong combination login on Testsigma login page, it lets the user in! This is a major software flaw because it exposes the site to security risks. This will enable anyone to log in to the application. It&#8217;s a security bug.



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/ef6W57VoQG4IXtsuMvJFK094mdCwa8m7lD82gX16rqiePA7fZzEhUAx0dCcs-ikSztVeTPgd2UwRpGJbmfRAaZuR178OvOPoy8UWM9yvf6krzbnKyy8ooPvagntod-G3pGkzTO7pU0-M" alt="Security bugs
" /></figure>



 <h2 id="h-common-examples-of-software-bugs">Common Examples of Software Bugs</h2>



Software bugs are flaws within a program that prevents it from performing correctly and can be caused by design or coding errors. Common examples of software bugs include:&nbsp;



<ul><li>Unexpected program crashes</li><li>Results that don&#8217;t match expectations,&nbsp;</li><li>The program encountering an infinite loop,</li><li>Incorrect calculations,&nbsp;</li><li>Data missing from a database</li><li>Malfunctioning user interface elements,</li><li>Unresponsive API&nbsp;</li><li>Security vulnerabilities&nbsp;</li><li>Errors with file permissions&nbsp;</li><li>Unnatural slowness&nbsp;</li><li>Compatibility issues</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-impact-of-software-bugs">Impact of Software Bugs!</h2>



<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_bug">Software bugs</a> can have far-reaching consequences on software systems, businesses, and users alike. The following points outline the primary effects of software bugs:



1. Extended Development Time: Software bugs can lead to a prolonged development period, as they need to be found, identified, and corrected.



2. Increased Cost: Investigating and fixing software bugs can be expensive and time-consuming, increasing development costs.



3. Reduced System Quality: Bugs may prevent a software system from functioning properly, decreasing system quality.



4. User Frustration: Software bugs can create confusion, frustration, and dissatisfaction, leading to a poor user experience.



5. Regulatory Compliance Violations: Software bugs can sometimes cause a business to violate the applicable regulatory standards.



<h2 id="h-how-to-find-underlying-software-bugs">How to Find Underlying Software Bugs?</h2>



Finding underlying software bugs can be a daunting process for developers, but it can be done if it is done systematically. To find the underlying software bug, the following steps should be taken:&nbsp;



<ol><li>Begin bug-hunting via exploration of the features of the software: Test each feature and identify underperforming or unexpected behaviors; for example, within Testsigma Web Application, if we are testing the “login feature” &#8211; test the logging in/out process, and note any errors in the loading/saving/validation of data. </li><li>Carefully study the user interface: Explore every menu, every button, every page, etc., and look for inconsistencies and unexpected features. For example, within if we are testing the registration page for Testsigma application, you need to analyze the user interface for that page and ensure that all input fields are validated correctly. </li><li>Set up test plans: Set up user scenarios for various functions the software should have and thoroughly test each scenario. For example, when testing the registration process in Testsigma Web Application, create a plan to register a user, log out, log in back, and verify the login credentials are correct. </li><li>Make use of existing automation tools. Executing existing automation scripts and verifying if the executables are returning expected output can be immensely helpful in uncovering unknown software bugs. For these, you should use a test automation tool that goes well with your application. Testsigma is a <a href="https://testsigma.com/qa-automation-tools" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test automation tool</a> that lets you automate your tests for web, mobile, desktop and APIs, from the same place. It is a no-code test automation platform that makes it very easy to automate your tests in simple English.</li></ol>



 <button class="btn bg-primary cta-btn" style="margin: auto"><a href="https://testsigma.com/signup" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="color:#fff">Automate your tests, 10x faster, with Testsigma</a></button> 



<h2 id="h-identify-and-resolve-bugs">Identify and Resolve Bugs!</h2>



Finding and fixing bugs can be annoying, and it takes time and effort to go through your code carefully. But it can also be pretty cool! You might even feel like a detective on the case.



Identifying and resolving bugs involves various steps, such as:&nbsp;



1. Isolating the source of the bug.&nbsp;



2. Running through the code and looking for possible errors.&nbsp;



3. Make sure all parameters are correct and rerun the code.&nbsp;



4. Refactoring the code to ensure optimal performance.&nbsp;



5. Testing the code again to find any new potential bugs.



<h2 id="h-conclusion">Conclusion</h2>



Bug testing is an essential part of the software development process and helps to ensure that software is properly tested prior to launch. Identifying and resolving bugs during development is important to deliver a successful and user-friendly product. With a better understanding of common bugs, developers can take preventive measures and improve software quality.



<h2 id="h-frequently-asked-questions">Frequently Asked Questions</h2>



<h3 id="h-what-is-the-most-common-type-of-software-bug">What is the most common type of software bug?</h3>



The most common type of software bug is coding errors, which are found in the code written to make the software operational. These errors may lead to crashed systems, unexpected errors, or incorrect output.



<h3 id="h-what-is-the-classification-of-a-bug-in-testing">What is the classification of a bug in testing?</h3>



Generally, bugs are classified as either major or minor, depending on their impact on the program. Major bugs should be prioritized and fixed immediately, while minor bugs may be addressed later.