
<p>In the dynamic landscape of software development, ensuring the quality of a product is paramount. Whether it&#8217;s a mobile application, a web platform, or enterprise software, quality assurance (QA) stands as the bedrock of user satisfaction and trust. Within the realm of QA, independent testing teams play a crucial role, offering a fresh perspective and an unbiased evaluation of the software&#8217;s performance, functionality, and usability. In this blog, we delve into why independent testing team is required in the software development lifecycle. The important question is to what extent being independent is acceptable? And what are the dangers of being independent and not embedded in an engineering team?</p>



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets"><p class="toc_title">Table Of Contents</p><ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#Suppliers_Vs_In-House_Team"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">1</span> Suppliers Vs In-House Team</a></li><li><a href="#How_Independent_can_one_be"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">2</span> How Independent can one be?</a></li><li><a href="#Independent_Test_Teams_and_Advantagesnbsp"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">3</span> Independent Test Teams and Advantages&nbsp;</a><ul><li><a href="#Ensuring_Objectivity_and_Impartiality"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">3.1</span> Ensuring Objectivity and Impartiality</a></li><li><a href="#Comprehensive_Test_Coverage"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">3.2</span> Comprehensive Test Coverage</a></li><li><a href="#Mitigating_Conflict_of_Interest"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">3.3</span> Mitigating Conflict of Interest</a></li><li><a href="#Specialized_Expertise"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">3.4</span> Specialized Expertise</a></li><li><a href="#Scalability_and_Flexibility"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">3.5</span> Scalability and Flexibility</a></li><li><a href="#Cost-effectiveness"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">3.6</span> Cost-effectiveness</a></li><li><a href="#Enhanced_Customer_Satisfaction"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">3.7</span> Enhanced Customer Satisfaction</a></li><li><a href="#Regulatory_Compliance_and_Risk_Mitigation"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">3.8</span> Regulatory Compliance and Risk Mitigation</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Conclusion"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">4</span> Conclusion</a></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-suppliers-vs-in-house-team"><span id="Suppliers_Vs_In-House_Team"><strong>Suppliers Vs In-House Team</strong></span></h2>



<p>I have worked in many companies till now where I have engaged a lot with supplier testing teams as well as teams that are in-house only. The important aspect to understand here is how independent should they be?&nbsp;</p>



<p>Let&#8217;s have a look at the differences between them. When you have in-house testing teams what I have noticed is that there are many times where collaboration is missing with other engineers, knowledge silos and teams not understanding the value of testers has been seen quite a lot.&nbsp;</p>



<p>When it comes to supplier testers and being independent, it can be a bit daunting too as they are new to the team, we have to make sure they are on boarded and expect them to work independently, however this has caused quite a lot of delays and issues such as IT requests needed to be made for them and the entire time waiting on tools to be set up, onboarding that was done may be something that suppliers start forgetting or missing vital points and delaying the overall project tasks.&nbsp;</p>



<p>Check here &#8211; <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/independent-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Independent Testing</a></p>



<p>I am not saying suppliers are not well equipped but as a company or team we should make sure they are settled well before we can make them independent.&nbsp;</p>



<p>In my opinion, its best to have one engineering team with all our testers in that team to help showcase the value we bring, the information we share and the excellent testing we do. It is easier to collaborate and even pair up with other engineers as well as other stakeholders.&nbsp;</p>



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<h2 id="h-how-independent-can-one-be"><span id="How_Independent_can_one_be"><strong>How Independent can one be?</strong></span></h2>



<p>We all know that there are many companies still keeping their <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/anatomy-of-a-high-performing-software-testing-team/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">testing teams</a> as independent, but we need to understand how independent they can be. I personally feel and have seen that it is good to always have someone communication between developers and testers so that vital details can be shared.&nbsp;</p>



<p>Independent testing teams can get on themselves but we should not forget them in important meetings. The testers can also struggle by having the same old <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/automated-test-suite/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test suite</a> and no new tests or edge cases checked if no one is updating the details to them.&nbsp;</p>



<p>Therefore, if you are working with independent testers, it is a good practise to keep them in loop too so that important factors get counted in and testers still showcase their value.&nbsp;</p>



<h2 id="h-independent-test-teams-and-advantages"><span id="Independent_Test_Teams_and_Advantagesnbsp"><strong>Independent Test Teams and Advantages&nbsp;</strong></span></h2>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" width="512" height="389" src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-production.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/26172014/Why-Independent-Testing-Team-is-Required.png" alt="Why Independent Testing Team is Required" class="wp-image-50374"/></figure></div>



<h3 id="h-ensuring-objectivity-and-impartiality"><span id="Ensuring_Objectivity_and_Impartiality">Ensuring Objectivity and Impartiality</span></h3>



<p>One of the primary advantages of independent testing teams is their objectivity. Unlike developers or in-house QA teams who may be closely involved in the project, independent testers bring an outsider&#8217;s perspective. They approach the software without preconceived notions or biases, evaluating it solely based on predefined criteria and industry standards. This objectivity helps uncover defects and usability issues that may have been overlooked by those deeply involved in the development process.</p>



<p>Check here &#8211; <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/usability-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Usability Testing</a></p>



<h3 id="h-comprehensive-test-coverage"><span id="Comprehensive_Test_Coverage">Comprehensive Test Coverage</span></h3>



<p>Independent testing teams are equipped to provide comprehensive <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/test-coverage/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test coverage</a> across various dimensions of software quality. From functional testing to performance, security, compatibility, and usability testing, they employ diverse methodologies and testing techniques to ensure that the software meets all requirements and specifications. By conducting thorough assessments, independent testers help mitigate risks and enhance the overall reliability of the software.</p>



<h3 id="h-mitigating-conflict-of-interest"><span id="Mitigating_Conflict_of_Interest">Mitigating Conflict of Interest</span></h3>



<p>In-house development teams often face conflicting priorities between meeting project deadlines and maintaining quality standards. This conflict of interest can compromise the thoroughness of testing and lead to the release of software with unresolved issues.&nbsp;</p>



<p>Independent testing teams, on the other hand, operate with a singular focus on quality. Their independence from development pressures enables them to prioritize rigorous testing without being influenced by project timelines or resource constraints.</p>



<h3 id="h-specialized-expertise"><span id="Specialized_Expertise">Specialized Expertise</span></h3>



<p>Independent testing teams bring specialized expertise and domain knowledge to the table. With experience across a wide range of industries and technologies, they possess insights into best practices, regulatory requirements, and emerging <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/software-testing-trends/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">trends in software testing</a>.&nbsp;</p>



<p>The specialized expertise allows them to tailor testing strategies to the unique needs of each project, leveraging industry-specific standards and frameworks to deliver optimal results.&nbsp;</p>



<p>Whether it&#8217;s healthcare, finance, e-commerce, or any other sector, independent testers adapt their approach to ensure compliance and mitigate sector-specific risks.</p>



<h3 id="h-scalability-and-flexibility"><span id="Scalability_and_Flexibility">Scalability and Flexibility</span></h3>



<p>Independent testing teams offer scalability and flexibility that may not be feasible with in-house resources alone. As project requirements evolve or deadlines approach, these teams can quickly scale up or down to accommodate changing needs.&nbsp;</p>



<p>Whether it&#8217;s ramping up testing efforts during peak development phases or providing <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/adhoc-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">ad-hoc testing</a> support for ongoing maintenance, independent testers offer the agility required to keep pace with the dynamic nature of software development projects.</p>



<h3 id="h-cost-effectiveness"><span id="Cost-effectiveness">Cost-effectiveness</span></h3>



<p>While some may perceive independent testing as an additional expense, it often proves to be cost-effective in the long run. By identifying and addressing defects early in the development cycle, independent testers help prevent costly rework and post-release issues. Moreover, outsourcing testing to specialized teams eliminates the need for investing in infrastructure, tools, and ongoing training, resulting in significant cost savings for organizations. When weighed against the potential losses due to software failures or customer dissatisfaction, the investment in <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/independent-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">independent testing </a>proves to be a prudent choice.</p>



<h3 id="h-enhanced-customer-satisfaction"><span id="Enhanced_Customer_Satisfaction">Enhanced Customer Satisfaction</span></h3>



<p>At the end of the day, the ultimate goal of software development is to deliver value to the end-users. Independent testing plays a crucial role in achieving this goal by ensuring that the software meets or exceeds user expectations.&nbsp;</p>



<p>By uncovering bugs, <a href="https://www.nomensa.com/blog/10-common-usability-problems-with-websites/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">usability issues</a>, and performance bottlenecks, independent testers contribute to a smoother user experience and higher customer satisfaction. This, in turn, fosters loyalty and positive word-of-mouth, driving user adoption and market success for the software product.</p>



<h3 id="h-regulatory-compliance-and-risk-mitigation"><span id="Regulatory_Compliance_and_Risk_Mitigation">Regulatory Compliance and Risk Mitigation</span></h3>



<p>In many industries, regulatory compliance is non-negotiable. Independent testing teams help organizations navigate complex regulatory landscapes by ensuring that the software adheres to industry standards and legal requirements. Whether it’s data privacy regulations like GDPR, security standards like ISO 27001, or industry-specific mandates such as <a href="https://www.scrut.io/solutions/hipaa" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">HIPAA compliance</a> in healthcare, independent testers verify that the software meets all relevant compliance criteria. By mitigating legal and regulatory risks, independent testing provides organizations with peace of mind and protects their reputation in the market.</p>



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<h2 id="h-conclusion"><span id="Conclusion"><strong>Conclusion</strong></span></h2>



<p>In conclusion, independent testing teams play a pivotal role in the software development lifecycle, offering objectivity, comprehensive test coverage, specialized expertise, scalability, cost-effectiveness, and regulatory compliance.&nbsp;</p>



<p>By partnering with independent testers, organizations can enhance the quality, reliability, and usability of their software products, driving customer satisfaction and mitigating risks.&nbsp;</p>


Why Independent Testing Team is Required ?

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Serenity vs Selenium | Top 10 Key Differences

Testcafe vs Cypress – Comparison & Which is Better?

Multi-Tenancy Testing: What it is & How to Perform It

Leapwork vs Playwright – Which One is Right for your Project?


<p>Building a desktop application requires a lot of effort as there are different types of platforms, such as Windows, Mac, Linux, etc. The Electron application is the modern way to create desktop applications using the Chromium engine and NodeJS. Just like any desktop application electron testing needs to be carried out for Electron applications.<gwmw style="display:none;"><gwmw style="display:none;"></gwmw></p>



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets"><p class="toc_title">Table Of Contents</p><ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#What_is_an_Electron_Application"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">1</span> What is an Electron Application?</a></li><li><a href="#What_is_Electron_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">2</span> What is Electron Testing?</a><ul><li><a href="#Examples_of_Electron_Applications"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">2.1</span> Examples of Electron Applications</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#How_to_Test_Electron_Applications"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">3</span> How to Test Electron Applications?</a><ul><li><a href="#Manual_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">3.1</span> Manual Testing</a></li><li><a href="#Automation_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">3.2</span> Automation Testing</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Code_or_No_Code_Automation_for_Electron"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">4</span> Code or No Code Automation for Electron?</a><ul><li><a href="#Code-based_automation"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">4.1</span> Code-based automation</a></li><li><a href="#Low-code_automation"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">4.2</span> Low-code automation</a></li><li><a href="#No-Code_automation"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">4.3</span> No-Code automation</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Why_Codeless_Automation_can_help_with_Electron_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">5</span> Why Codeless Automation can help with Electron Testing?</a></li><li><a href="#Challenges_of_Testing_Electron_Applications"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">6</span> Challenges of Testing Electron Applications</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQ"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">7</span> Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)</a><ul><li><a href="#Can_Selenium_be_used_for_Electron_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">7.1</span> Can Selenium be used for Electron Testing?</a></li><li><a href="#What_Test_framework_should_I_Choose_for_Electron_Test_Automation_and_Why"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">7.2</span> What Test framework should I Choose for Electron Test Automation and Why?</a></li><li><a href="#How_do_you_Unit_Test_Electron_Apps"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">7.3</span> How do you Unit Test Electron Apps?</a></li><li><a href="#Are_PWA8217s_and_Electron_Apps_are_Same"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">7.4</span> Are PWA&#8217;s and Electron Apps are Same?</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-what-is-an-electron-application"><span id="What_is_an_Electron_Application"><strong>What is an Electron Application?</strong></span></h2>



<p>The Electron applications are a type of desktop applications that are created using the open-source ElectronJS framework. Electron application uses the potential of a web application to create a desktop application. The front-end components are rendered using the powerful Chromium engine and uses the NodeJS in the backend. The Electron application can use CSS, HTML, Javascript, and other web application libraries.</p>



<h2 id="h-what-is-electron-testing"><span id="What_is_Electron_Testing"><strong>What is Electron Testing?</strong></span></h2>



<p>Electron Testing is the process of testing the Electron applications to ensure functionality across the platform. The Electron applications are built with ElectronJS. This utilizes the capability of Chromium and NodeJS along with web-based components such as HTML, CSS, JS, etc. Many modern application applications use the Electron. Some of the examples are MS Teams, Postman, Atom, VS Code, etc. Electron testing can be carried out using the popular automation framework like <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/playwright-vs-selenium/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Selenium or Playwright</a>.</p>



<h3 id="h-examples-of-electron-applications"><span id="Examples_of_Electron_Applications"><strong>Examples of Electron Applications</strong></span></h3>



<p>There are many applications written in Electron. As a user, you might be using them unknowingly. Below are some of the list of popular Electron applications</p>



<ul><li>Postman</li><li>Teams by Microsoft</li><li>Visual Studio Code by Microsoft</li><li>Atom</li><li>WebTorrent</li><li>WhatsApp Desktop</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-how-to-test-electron-applications"><span id="How_to_Test_Electron_Applications"><strong>How to Test Electron Applications?</strong></span></h2>



<p>Electron applications use web components, but they don’t render on a browser. The Electron application launches its own window on the desktop, which makes the Electron application complicated to test. However, thankfully, there are a few tools that support Electron app testing.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 id="h-manual-testing"><span id="Manual_Testing">Manual Testing</span></h3>



<p>The Electron application can be tested manually or through automation. The <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/manual-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">manual testing</a> requires the following steps</p>



<ul><li>Generate the Electron application build</li><li>Install the application on the desktop</li><li>Launch the Electron app</li><li>Test against the expected and actual behavior</li></ul>



<h3 id="h-automation-testing"><span id="Automation_Testing">Automation Testing</span></h3>



<p>There are only a few automation tools that support Electron Testing. Some of the tools are Selenium, Playwright, and WebdriverIO. Since selenium is the most widely used open-source automation framework, we have taken an example of Selenium and the Electron driver to test the Electron application.</p>



<p><strong>Steps to Test the Electron Applications</strong></p>



<ol><li><strong>Locate the electron app you want to test</strong></li></ol>



<p>The Electron applications are different from the web applications. The electron application contains the binaries. You need to prepare the electron app for testing.</p>



<ol start="2"><li><strong>Install the electron-chromedriver</strong></li></ol>



<p>The Electron Chrome driver helps to interact with Electron apps.</p>



<ol start="3"><li><strong>Install the selenium-webdriver</strong></li></ol>



<p>The Selenium webdriver functions just like any other application testing.&nbsp;</p>



<p>Once you get all required components installed proceed to the next step.</p>



<ol start="4"><li><strong>Create a driver instance</strong></li></ol>



<p>const webdriver = require(&#8216;selenium-webdriver&#8217;)</p>



<p>const driver = new webdriver.Builder()</p>



<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;// The &#8220;9515&#8221; is the port opened by ChromeDriver.</p>



<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;.usingServer(&#8216;http://localhost:9515&#8217;)</p>



<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;.withCapabilities({</p>



<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#8216;goog:chromeOptions&#8217;: {</p>



<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Here is the path to your Electron binary.</p>



<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;binary: &#8216;/Path-to-Your-App.app/Contents/MacOS/Electron&#8217;</p>



<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}</p>



<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;})</p>



<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;.forBrowser(&#8216;chrome&#8217;)</p>



<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;.build()</p>



<p>In the above code, we are creating the webdriver instance and then we are passing the electron driver port 9515. The binary path of your application is mentioned to launch the Electron App.</p>



<h2 id="h-code-or-no-code-automation-for-electron"><span id="Code_or_No_Code_Automation_for_Electron"><strong>Code or No Code Automation for Electron?</strong></span></h2>



<p>There are different approaches to address the <a href="https://testsigma.com/automated-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">automation testing</a> needs for Electron. As you can see from the above steps we have performed the automation testing by writing the code. There are different types of frameworks such as code, low code, and no code. Let&#8217;s understand one by one in detail.</p>



<p><br><img loading="lazy" width="602" height="222" src="https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-production.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/migrated_images/AD_4nXewXPQTADlbkAB1BZ5XryQ7RsIfmx0R8ba04im2lSlgc0XkFGS0KypK3tOfdkCkAJnwy9g1i2HeMB1UogsE6uLQKD-78fv4P-tl_5RmgF3BXVnKpSnUSVZwAQz9eOc1uPMjGECMT2lbkBpwV7JzXUf3pu_SL6EMO-SwpMSVKypejc7jF9x97iA_1748948869.png"></p>



<h3 id="h-code-based-automation"><span id="Code-based_automation">Code-based automation</span></h3>



<p>Code-based automation requires good technical knowledge. As you know automation is the simulation of user functionality. These simulations are performed by writing programming language/scripts such as Javascript, Java, C#, etc. The code-based automation tools are less expensive. Many code-based automation tools are open-sourced or free. But it requires time and effort to create a framework. Maintenance is a more challenging and time-consuming job. Depending on the feature or user interface changes, often requires rewriting or updating the automation scripts.</p>



<h3 id="h-low-code-automation"><span id="Low-code_automation">Low-code automation</span></h3>



<p>Low code uses the combination of drag and drop and programming. This means coding will be minimal but still requires you to code. Unlike code-based automation tools, it doesn&#8217;t require in-depth technical knowledge but requires basic technical knowledge to perform day-to-day tasks. These are useful if the application is complex and when drag-and-drop support is not completely available.</p>



<h3 id="h-no-code-automation"><span id="No-Code_automation">No-Code automation</span></h3>



<p>The no-code automation doesn&#8217;t require you to write any form of code. It is also known as codeless automation. All actions are performed using drag and drop or making some configuration changes. Tools like Testsigma offer no code automation to a great extent. One of the main advantages of no code automation is manual testers or people who have less technical knowledge can also contribute to the automation to make the process faster. Check here &#8211; <a href="https://testsigma.com/codeless-automation-testing-tools" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Codeless Testing Tools</a></p>



<h2 id="h-why-codeless-automation-can-help-with-electron-testing"><span id="Why_Codeless_Automation_can_help_with_Electron_Testing"><strong>Why Codeless Automation can help with Electron Testing?</strong></span></h2>



<p><a href="https://testsigma.com/codeless-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Codeless automation testing</a> is becoming popular nowadays as it requires less technical or programming knowledge. There are some advantages in codeless automation let&#8217;s understand them.</p>



<p id="h-faster-to-automate"><strong>Faster to automate</strong></p>



<p>Using the code-less automation tool anyone can contribute to automation. So no need for dedicated resources for testing. The team can collaboratively contribute to the automation and achieve good coverage. The QA typically requires less time to debug and fix the scripts.</p>



<p id="h-speed-up-the-release"><strong>Speed up the release</strong></p>



<p>As manual test cases can be easily converted to automation. The automation suite can be integrated into CI/CD pipelines which makes release faster.</p>



<p id="h-higher-productivity"><strong>Higher productivity</strong></p>



<p>The Codeless automation tools come with easy-to-debug features. The productivity increases as QAs can only focus on test cases rather than core framework features. Furthermore, the learning curve is very low which makes the entire time will be dedicated to automation.</p>



<h2 id="h-challenges-of-testing-electron-applications"><span id="Challenges_of_Testing_Electron_Applications"><strong>Challenges of Testing Electron Applications</strong></span></h2>



<p id="h-limited-tools-support"><strong>Limited tools support</strong></p>



<p>The Electron applications are supported by only limited automation tools. You need to choose between the available tools. The open-source tool may not be able to achieve complete testing coverage</p>



<p id="h-complex-to-set-up-the-framework"><strong>Complex to set up the framework</strong></p>



<p>The Electron applications are different from web application which runs on browser. To set up a robust framework requires a deep level of technical understanding.</p>



<p id="h-manual-testing-is-not-feasible"><strong>Manual Testing is not feasible</strong></p>



<p>As the application grows, it requires covering a large number of test cases. Completing the regression can take a couple of days to a week. So manual testing requires more effort and resources.</p>



<p id="h-cross-platform-testing"><a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/cross-platform-end-to-end-testing-explained-with-real-life-scenarios/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><strong>Cross Platform Testing</strong></a></p>



<p>Usually, the electron applications are built to support the cross-platform. As the automation tool itself is limited we need to choose the best-fit tools. Testing the cross-platform compatibility makes it even more complex in Electron as it requires infrastructure setup.</p>



<p>Many organizations are now switching to <a href="https://brainhub.eu/library/electron-app-examples" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Electron based desktop clients</a>. The ElectronJS makes desktop applications more powerful and provides a rich user experience. However, electron application testing has its own challenges. Automating electron application is a major challenge as it requires a complex setup and tools availability is limited. The No-code automation tools can make the automation faster and more reliable.</p>



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<h2 id="h-frequently-asked-questions-faq"><span id="Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQ"><strong>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)</strong></span></h2>



<h3 id="h-can-selenium-be-used-for-electron-testing"><span id="Can_Selenium_be_used_for_Electron_Testing">Can Selenium be used for Electron Testing?</span></h3>



<p>Yes, Selenium can be used for Electron Testing. However, you need to install the Electron-specific drivers and configure them in order to test the Electron apps. Once the pre-requisite is completed and the initial launch of the Electron app is done, then the testing of electron applications is just like testing any web-based applications.</p>



<h3 id="h-what-test-framework-should-i-choose-for-electron-test-automation-and-why"><span id="What_Test_framework_should_I_Choose_for_Electron_Test_Automation_and_Why">What Test framework should I Choose for Electron Test Automation and Why?</span></h3>



<p>The test framework for Electron Test automation should be chosen based on your requirements. Both commercial and open-source automation frameworks are available in the market. WebdriverIO, Selenium, and Playwright are some of the open-source test automation tools for the Electron App. There are many no-code automation tools in the market. The no-code automation tool helps to increase the automation test coverage swiftly.</p>



<h3 id="h-how-do-you-unit-test-electron-apps"><span id="How_do_you_Unit_Test_Electron_Apps">How do you Unit Test Electron Apps?</span></h3>



<p>The Unit testing Electron requires the installation of one of the unit testing frameworks for example Jest. Once you install the unit testing library you can start by creating specs. Each spec contains the set of unit tests for the Electron app. In unit tests create assertions for actual and expected results.</p>



<h3 id="h-are-pwa-s-and-electron-apps-are-same"><span id="Are_PWA8217s_and_Electron_Apps_are_Same">Are PWA&#8217;s and Electron Apps are Same?</span></h3>



<p>Progressive Web Applications (PWA) are web applications that operate in the browser and provides the native platform experience, On the other hand, Electron apps are just like desktop application they need to be installed. PWA&#8217;s doesn&#8217;t require any installation. Electron apps can interface with parts of your machine but PWA&#8217;s cannot do that. Some&nbsp; examples of PWA&#8217;s are Starbucks, Twitter, BMW, etc.</p>


Electron Testing | What it is and How to Perform?

How to Write Test Cases for Hotel Booking


<p>If you have a vast library with hundreds and thousands of books, managing them could be a tedious task if done manually in a register. Even when automated, there are chances of oversight if the librarian does not understand the system well or the system itself comes with faults. In all this, you can repair the former by providing the right assistance to the user and fix the latter by carefully and thoroughly running the right list of test cases for library management systems.</p>



<p>We bring you the library management system <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/what-is-test-case/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test cases</a> that will guide you through the software testing.</p>



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets"><p class="toc_title">Table Of Contents</p><ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#What_is_a_Library_Management_System"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">1</span> What is a Library Management System?</a></li><li><a href="#Why_Test_a_Library_Management_System"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">2</span> Why Test a Library Management System?</a></li><li><a href="#Basic_Functionality_In_The_Library_Management_System"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">3</span> Basic Functionality In The Library Management System</a></li><li><a href="#Test_Cases_For_Library_Management_System"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">4</span> Test Cases For Library Management System</a><ul><li><a href="#Login_Interface"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">4.1</span> Login Interface</a></li><li><a href="#User_Account_Interface"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">4.2</span> User Account Interface</a></li><li><a href="#Book_Issue_Interface"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">4.3</span> Book Issue Interface</a></li><li><a href="#Book_Return_Interface"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">4.4</span> Book Return Interface</a></li><li><a href="#Search_Functionality_Test_Cases_for_Library_Management_System"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">4.5</span> Search Functionality Test Cases for Library Management System</a></li><li><a href="#Resources_Inventory_Test_Cases_for_Library_Management_System"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">4.6</span> Resources Inventory Test Cases for Library Management System</a></li><li><a href="#Non-Functional_Test_Cases_for_Library_Management_System"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">4.7</span> Non-Functional Test Cases for Library Management System</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Conclusion"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">5</span> Conclusion</a><ul><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">5.1</span> Frequently Asked Questions</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-what-is-a-library-management-system"><span id="What_is_a_Library_Management_System"><strong>What is a Library Management System?</strong></span></h2>



<p>A Library Management System is a software application designed to automate and streamline library operations and services. It helps librarians and library staff manage tasks such as cataloging, circulation, patron management, acquisitions, and reporting.&nbsp;</p>



<p>Library Management Systems typically include features for cataloging library materials, tracking borrowing and returns, managing patron accounts, generating reports, and facilitating online access to library resources. These systems are mostly web-based and require an automated web application testing approach.</p>



<p>A popular example of a Library Management System is <a href="https://koha-community.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Koha</a>, an open-source library automation system used by libraries worldwide to manage their collections, circulation, and patron services efficiently. Koha allows librarians to catalog and classify library materials, track item availability, manage patron accounts, and provide online access to library resources through a user-friendly interface.</p>



<h2 id="h-why-test-a-library-management-system"><span id="Why_Test_a_Library_Management_System"><strong>Why Test a Library Management System?</strong></span></h2>



<p>Testing a Library Management System is essential to ensure its functionality, reliability, and usability. These systems play a critical role in managing library operations and providing services to patrons.&nbsp;</p>



<p>Testing helps identify and resolve defects, errors, and inconsistencies in the system, ensuring accurate cataloging, efficient circulation, secure patron transactions, and seamless access to library resources. Additionally, you can verify compliance with requirements, standards, and regulations, ensuring that the Library Management System meets the needs and expectations of library staff and patrons.</p>



<p>Let’s look at some basic functions of the system that you would need to test.</p>



<h2 id="h-basic-functionality-in-the-library-management-system"><span id="Basic_Functionality_In_The_Library_Management_System"><strong>Basic Functionality In The Library Management System</strong><gwmw style="display:none;"></span></h2>



<p>Once you have a list of functional test cases and non-functional test cases, you can combine them to form the list of basic test cases. So, for that, let’s look at the basic functionality of Library Management Systems.</p>



<ul><li><strong>User Registration and Authentication:</strong> Users should be able to register for an account with the Library Management System. Authentication mechanisms should be in place to ensure secure access to user accounts.</li><li><strong>Cataloging and Inventory Management:</strong> The system should allow librarians to catalog library materials such as books, journals, DVDs, etc. It should also manage the inventory by tracking the availability, location, and status of each item.</li><li><strong>Borrowing and Lending:</strong> Users should be able to borrow library materials using their account. The system should manage loan periods, due dates, and renewals. Librarians should be able to check out and check in items efficiently.</li><li><strong>User Management:</strong> Librarians should have the ability to manage user accounts, including adding new users, updating user information, and handling user requests such as password resets or account deactivation.</li><li><strong>Search and Discovery:</strong> Users should be able to search for library materials by title, author, subject, or keywords. The system should provide accurate search results and allow users to refine their searches.</li><li><strong>Reservations and Holds:</strong> Users should have the option to place holds or reservations on items that are currently checked out. The system should notify users when reserved items become available for pickup.</li><li><strong>Fines and Fees Management:</strong> The system should calculate fines or fees for overdue items and manage payments from users. It should generate alerts for users with outstanding fines and provide options for payment.</li><li><strong>Reporting and Analytics:</strong> The system should generate reports on library usage, circulation statistics, inventory levels, and other relevant metrics. These reports can help librarians make informed decisions about collection management and resource allocation.</li><li><strong>Communication and Notifications:</strong> The system should facilitate communication between users and librarians through messaging or notification features. Users should receive alerts for due dates, overdue items, reservation statuses, and other important updates.</li><li><strong>Accessibility and Usability:</strong> The system should be user-friendly and accessible to users of all abilities. It should comply with accessibility standards and provide options for customization to meet individual user preferences.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-test-cases-for-library-management-system"><span id="Test_Cases_For_Library_Management_System"><strong>Test Cases For Library Management System</strong><gwmw style="display:none;"></span></h2>



<p>Here comes the part we all have been looking forward to—test cases for library management systems. Let’s look at some basic and advanced test cases types you should create and run for such software.&nbsp;</p>



<p>Don’t forget to look into <a href="https://testsigma.com/test-management-software" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test management tools</a> that provide an extra layer of support to your testing efforts while you run these tests.<gwmw style="display:none;"></p>



<h3 id="h-login-interface"><span id="Login_Interface"><strong>Login Interface</strong></span></h3>



<ul><li>Verify that the login page is accessible.</li><li>Verify that the username and password fields are present.</li><li>Check that the &#8220;Login&#8221; button is present.</li><li>Test that a user can successfully login with valid credentials.</li><li>Verify that an error message is displayed for invalid login attempts.</li><li>Validate that the &#8220;Forgot Password&#8221; link is functional.</li><li>Test that the &#8220;Create Account&#8221; link is functional.</li><li>Test that the system redirects to the appropriate page after successful login.</li><li>Verify that the system displays appropriate error messages for missing credentials.</li><li>Ensure if the system allows logged in users to login again using the right credentials.</li></ul>



<p>Login functions work almost in a similar manner on every platform. Check out our blog for an elaborate list of <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/test-cases-for-login-page/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test cases for login functionality</a> you can apply here as well.</p>



<h3 id="h-user-account-interface"><span id="User_Account_Interface"><strong>User Account Interface</strong></span></h3>



<ul><li>Verify that user profile information is displayed correctly upon successful login.</li><li>Verify that users can update their profile information.</li><li>Check if the users can change their password within the account settings.</li><li>Check that users can view their borrowing history.</li><li>Verify that users can view their fines and fees status.</li><li>Ensure that users can renew borrowed books and the system updates this information automatically.</li><li>Test if the users can place holds or requests for books.</li><li>Test that users can pay fines and fees online if they are late on returning a book</li><li>Verify if the users can request to extend the book return deadline through their account.</li><li>Verify that users can logout from their account.</li><li>Verify that users receive appropriate notifications for overdue books or holds.</li><li>Validate if the users can renew their library card or any other form of membership through the account.</li></ul>



<h3 id="h-book-issue-interface"><span id="Book_Issue_Interface"><strong>Book Issue Interface</strong></span></h3>



<ul><li>Verify that librarians can search for books by title, author, or ISBN and get the right information displayed.</li><li>Verify that librarians can view detailed book information.</li><li>Check if the librarians can check the availability of books based on its status.</li><li>Validate that librarians can issue books to users.</li><li>Validate that librarians can set due dates for issued books.</li><li>Check that librarians can generate and print receipts for book issues.</li><li>Check that librarians can handle holds or requests for books.</li><li>Test that librarians can override issue limits or restrictions.</li><li>Verify that librarians can handle special cases such as lost or damaged books.</li><li>Verify that the system updates inventory and user records accurately after book issuance.</li><li>Test if librarians receive notifications for overdue books and requests raised from user accounts.</li><li>Test if the staff members have complete admin access.</li></ul>



<h3 id="h-book-return-interface"><span id="Book_Return_Interface"><strong>Book Return Interface</strong></span></h3>



<ul><li>Verify that users can select and initiate the book return process.</li><li>Check if the users can view return due dates for borrowed books.</li><li>Check that users receive notifications for overdue book returns.</li><li>Test that users can return multiple books in a single transaction.</li><li>Test that users can pay fines or fees associated with late returns.</li><li>Check that the system updates user records accurately after book returns.</li><li>Check that the system updates book availability status after returns.</li><li>Verify that users receive confirmation of successful book returns.</li><li>Verify that users receive reminders for pending book returns.</li><li>Ensure that users cannot return books that are already returned.</li><li>Test that users receive a confirmation prompt before completing the return process.</li><li>Test that the return process is logged in the system for auditing purposes.</li><li>Ensure that users receive notifications for successful book returns.</li><li>Verify that users can provide feedback or comments during the return process.</li><li>Test that the returned books are correctly shelved or sorted back into inventory.</li><li>Verify that users can view their complete borrowing history, including returned books.</li></ul>



<h3 id="h-search-functionality-test-cases-for-library-management-system"><span id="Search_Functionality_Test_Cases_for_Library_Management_System"><strong>Search Functionality Test Cases for Library Management System</strong></span></h3>



<p>Another one of the important features of the Library Management System is the search functionality. Let’s look at some of the <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/test-cases-for-search-functionality/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test cases for the search functionality</a> you can create and run.<gwmw style="display:none;"></p>



<ul><li>Verify that users can search for books by title, by author, and by ISBN.</li><li>Test that users can search for books by category or genre.</li><li>Test if the users can perform an advanced search with multiple criteria and filters.</li><li>Check if the search results are displayed accurately and relevantly.</li><li>Verify that users receive the right notification or feedback for no search results found.</li><li>Test if the search functionality is case-insensitive.</li><li>Check that the search functionality supports partial or wildcard searches.</li><li>Test if a blank search provides an appropriate message.</li></ul>



<h3 id="h-resources-inventory-test-cases-for-library-management-system"><span id="Resources_Inventory_Test_Cases_for_Library_Management_System"><strong>Resources Inventory Test Cases for Library Management System</strong></span></h3>



<p>Let’s look at the resources inventory test cases for the Library Management System:</p>



<ul><li>Test that the inventory includes all available books in the library.</li><li>Test that each book in the inventory has accurate metadata (title, author, ISBN, etc.).</li><li>Check if the inventory accurately reflects the availability status of each book (available, checked out, on hold, etc.).</li><li>Verify that the inventory is updated in real-time when books are added or removed.</li><li>Verify that the inventory is organized logically by categories, genres, or sections.</li><li>Ensure that the inventory includes non-book resources such as DVDs, CDs, or magazines.</li><li>Ensure that the inventory management system supports bulk updates or imports.</li><li>Check that librarians can easily locate and access items in the inventory.</li><li>Check if the inventory system generates accurate reports on stock levels, usage, and trends.</li><li>Verify that the inventory system integrates with other library management modules seamlessly.</li></ul>



<h3 id="h-non-functional-test-cases-for-library-management-system"><span id="Non-Functional_Test_Cases_for_Library_Management_System"><strong>Non-Functional Test Cases for Library Management System</strong></span></h3>



<ul><li>Check if the system performance meets acceptable response times for search queries.</li><li>Check if the system can handle concurrent user loads without degradation in performance.</li><li>Verify that the system is accessible and usable for users with disabilities (ADA compliance).</li><li>Verify that the system is secure and protects sensitive user data from unauthorized access or breaches.</li><li>Test if the system is scalable and can accommodate future growth in users or resources.</li><li>Check if the system is reliable and minimizes downtime or disruptions in service.</li><li>Check if the system is compatible with different web browsers and devices.</li><li>Verify that the system meets regulatory compliance requirements for data privacy and security.</li><li>Verify that the system provides adequate logging and auditing capabilities for monitoring user activity.</li><li>Ensure that the system is user-friendly and intuitive, requiring minimal training for users.</li><li>Verify that the system complies with data protection regulations such as GDPR.</li><li>Ensure that the system supports multiple languages for international users.</li><li>Ensure that the system provides adequate error handling and graceful degradation under load.</li><li>Verify that the system&#8217;s UI is responsive and renders correctly on various screen sizes and resolutions.</li><li>Verify that the system&#8217;s performance is consistent across different network conditions (e.g., low bandwidth).</li></ul>



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<h2 id="h-conclusion"><span id="Conclusion"><strong>Conclusion</strong></span></h2>



<p>A Library Management System relies heavily on proper functioning to keep the students/users aligned with the librarians and staff members. The right testing of such systems ensures that the library functions smoothly without delays in book issuance or returns. And if any issues arrive, the system is equipped with the right mechanisms to deal with them appropriately.</p>



<p>An end-to-end testing of the Library Management System is necessary when you think about the consequences of faults. Choose an <a href="https://testsigma.com/automated-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">automated testing approach</a> to get the optimum output in less time.</p>



<p>Checkout how Testsigma can support your testing efforts with automation.[Try for free]</p>



<h3 id="h-frequently-asked-questions"><span id="Frequently_Asked_Questions"><strong>Frequently Asked Questions</strong></span></h3>



<div class="schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block"><div class="schema-faq-section" id="faq-question-1754476046536"><strong class="schema-faq-question"><strong>How to create a test plan document for a Library Management System?</strong></strong> <p class="schema-faq-answer">To create a test plan document for a library management system, start by defining the objectives, scope, and testing approach. Identify test scenarios, including functional and non-functional requirements, user interactions, and system integrations. Specify testing techniques, resources, and responsibilities. Detail test schedules, milestones, and deliverables. Finally, include risk management strategies, mitigation plans, and acceptance criteria to ensure thorough testing and successful system deployment.</p> </div> </div>
