Compliance Testing Everything You Need to Know in 2023

Compliance Testing: Everything You Need to Know


<p>Let&#8217;s talk about something important in the realm of software testing: Robustness testing. ISTQB states, “Robustness testing is the degree to which a component or system can function correctly in the presence of invalid inputs or stressful environmental conditions.&#8221;This is when we test a system or program to see how well it can handle unexpected scenarios and mishaps. </p>



<p>We want to ensure that our software can keep soldiering even if it encounters unexpected situations, like a power outage or memory overload. Nobody wants their system crashing during an important project! </p>



<p>So, in this blog, let&#8217;s look at this testing technique in detail and why it matters so much in ensuring top-notch performance from our software applications.</p>



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets"><p class="toc_title">Table Of Contents</p><ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#What_is_Robustness_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">1</span> What is Robustness Testing?</a><ul><li><a href="#Why_is_Robustness_Testing_important"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">1.1</span> Why is Robustness Testing important?</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Types_of_Testing_to_Ensure_Robustness_of_Test_Suites"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">2</span> Types of Testing to Ensure Robustness of Test Suites</a></li><li><a href="#Robustness_Testing_Scenarios"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">3</span> Robustness Testing Scenarios</a></li><li><a href="#Should_Robustness_Testing_be_Automated"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">4</span> Should Robustness Testing be Automated?</a></li><li><a href="#Robustness_Testing_Tools"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">5</span> Robustness Testing Tools</a></li><li><a href="#Benefits_of_Robustness_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">6</span> Benefits of Robustness Testing</a></li><li><a href="#Summary"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">7</span> Summary</a><ul><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">7.1</span> Frequently Asked Questions</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-what-is-robustness-testing"><span id="What_is_Robustness_Testing"><strong>What is Robustness Testing?</strong></span></h2>



<p>Robustness testing is software testing that evaluates the capability of a system to operate correctly in unexpected or abnormal conditions. This type of testing is designed to identify possible failures due to unexpected inputs or errors, such as invalid data, network interruptions, or power failures. The goal of robustness testing is to ensure that the system can handle errors and maintain its functions without crashing or becoming unstable, thereby maximizing the software&#8217;s reliability and reducing the risk of failure.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-why-is-robustness-testing-important"><span id="Why_is_Robustness_Testing_important"><strong>Why is Robustness Testing important?</strong></span></h3>



<p>Here are ten important reasons why robustness testing is important: </p>



<p>1. It uncovers hidden bugs that can cause malfunctions. </p>



<p>2. Improves the reliability and quality of software. </p>



<p>3. Increases customer satisfaction by preventing software crashes. </p>



<p>4. Helps to predict real-world scenarios for better preparedness. </p>



<p>5. Validates the security features of the software. </p>



<p>6. Identifies code weaknesses and restrictions that can be optimized. </p>



<p>7. Enhances the overall software performance across various platforms. </p>



<p>8. Helps to save time and money by avoiding costly bug fixes. </p>



<p>9. Promotes software longevity since it can withstand changes in operating environments. </p>



<p>10. Boosts user confidence in the software by assuring stable and consistent performance.</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-types-of-testing-to-ensure-robustness-of-test-suites"><span id="Types_of_Testing_to_Ensure_Robustness_of_Test_Suites"><strong>Types of Testing to Ensure Robustness of Test Suites</strong></span></h2>



<p>Different types of testing must be done to ensure the robustness of test suites. Here we give you a list:</p>



<ol class="wp-block-list"><li><strong>Functional testing </strong>&#8211; Verifies the software&#8217;s desired behavior under various scenarios. Functional testing conducts numerous tests that examine all software functionalities.</li><li><strong>Regression testing </strong>&#8211; Ensures that software changes do not result in unexpected outcomes in previously tested functionality. Regression testing ensures the software application works correctly even after changes or updates.</li><li><strong>Load testing </strong>&#8211; Examines software performance under various loads and conditions to ensure it can support expected user volume. So this type of testing simulates production loads by subjecting software to a series of tests to ensure it can handle expected traffic.</li><li><strong>Fuzz testing</strong>(Fuzzing Test) &#8211; Sends malicious input to the software to discover vulnerabilities and unexpected behaviors. After conducting fuzz testing, the program is observed for crashes, failed code assertions, and possible memory leaks.</li><li><strong>Mutation testing </strong>&#8211; Changes the software&#8217;s code to see if the test suite can detect these changes and identify issues. Mutation testing aims to detect coding or input flaws that can result in incorrect program output.</li><li><strong>Black-box testing</strong> &#8211; Tests the software&#8217;s external behavior without knowing its internal workings. The tester knows the intended output of the software but lacks knowledge of its internal workings. Functionalities, user interface usability, and conformity with external standards can all be tested using black-box testing.</li><li><strong>Security testing</strong> &#8211; Verifies the software&#8217;s resistance to attacks and potential vulnerabilities. Conducting security testing can help in identifying probable security threats.</li><li><strong>Use case testing</strong> &#8211; Examines the software&#8217;s functionality from the perspective of user scenarios. Conducting Use case testing can help in identifying potential usability issues.</li><li><strong>Negative testing </strong>&#8211; Tests how the software behaves when presented with invalid inputs and unexpected situations. It can reveal input handling or validation mistakes that may result in data loss or leave security gaps.</li><li><strong>Stress testing</strong> &#8211; Evaluate the software&#8217;s increased workload capabilities under heavy load and usage. So, it can detect concerns during intense pressure or heavy workload.</li></ol>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-robustness-testing-scenarios"><span id="Robustness_Testing_Scenarios"><strong>Robustness Testing Scenarios</strong></span></h2>



<p>Specific scenarios can cause software failure due to a lack of software robustness. The scenarios that can be tested are:</p>



<p>1. Test for handling large amounts of data. </p>



<p>2. Test for unexpected inputs and edge cases. </p>



<p>3. Test for system failures and recovery. </p>



<p>4. Test for long periods of sustained usage. </p>



<p>5. Test for compatibility with various hardware and software environments.</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-should-robustness-testing-be-automated"><span id="Should_Robustness_Testing_be_Automated"><strong>Should Robustness Testing be Automated?</strong></span></h2>



<p>The robustness of an application should be tested. But should you automate those tests? Only when you know, automation helps you in some way &#8211; it could be to save efforts, time, or resources.</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-robustness-testing-tools"><span id="Robustness_Testing_Tools"><strong>Robustness Testing Tools</strong></span></h2>



<p>One of the most important factors for achieving an ROI on test automation is the tool used for test automation. Robustness testing tools are <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/best-software-testing-tools-qas-are-using-in-2022/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">software testing tools</a> that help automate the robustness tests for an application. Examples of such tools include:</p>



<ul><li><strong>Testsigma</strong> is a <a href="https://testsigma.com/automated-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">cloud-based test automation</a> platform that enables teams to automate their tests for web, mobile, APIs, and desktop applications. With Testsigma, teams can easily create and edit automated tests using simple English. Thus, It allows testers to focus on testing and defect hunting while the automated tests run in the background. Testsigma offers enhanced security, an extensive test lab, project and review management, powerful reporting capabilities, and more. It also offers a range of features for test management, including test case management, test suite creation, and test execution reporting. </li><br>
<li><strong>JMeter</strong> is an open-source load-testing tool that helps create web application test plans. It simulates a heavy load on a server, network, or object to test its performance under different conditions. JMeter can measure the performance of static resources such as HTML and dynamic resources such as JSP, Servlets, and AJAX. It supports various platforms like Windows, Mac OS X, Linux/Unix, etc. With the help of the JMeter approach, users can create test plans with multiple threads and configure them to run at different intervals. This helps in analyzing the application&#8217;s performance under varying loads and conditions.</li><br><li><strong>Selenium</strong> is an open-source automation testing tool used to test web applications. It can automate user interactions with a web application by clicking buttons, entering text into forms, and verifying its output. Selenium supports multiple programming languages and platforms, including Java, JavaScript, Ruby, Python, and C#. Using Selenium&#8217;s APIs and libraries, testers can create automated tests for their web applications that can be run repeatedly without manual intervention.</li><br><li><strong>Appium</strong> is an open-source test automation framework for mobile applications. It allows developers to write automated tests for their apps on multiple mobile platforms, including Android and iOS. Appium supports many devices and provides an intuitive API that makes setting up and running tests quickly easy. With Appium, developers can write tests in any language they prefer, such as Java, Python, Ruby, or JavaScript.</li><br><li><strong>Loadmeter</strong> is a cloud-based platform that provides an efficient approach to helping organizations monitor their application performance. It helps organizations identify and address potential issues before they become critical. Loadmeter supports various platforms, including Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, and Android. With its intuitive interface and powerful analytics capabilities, Loadmeter helps organizations reduce downtime and improve the overall performance of their applications.</li></ul>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-benefits-of-robustness-testing"><span id="Benefits_of_Robustness_Testing"><strong>Benefits of Robustness Testing</strong></span></h2>



<p>1. <strong>Ensures software reliability</strong>: Robustness testing identifies potential weaknesses in the system, making it more reliable and less prone to crashes or failures. </p>



<p>2.<strong> Enhanced user experience</strong>: Robustness testing ensures the software can withstand unexpected inputs and deliver optimal performance, improving user experience. </p>



<p>3. <strong>Reduced maintenance costs</strong>: Robustness testing helps identify potential issues early in the development process, thereby reducing maintenance costs. </p>



<p>4.<strong> Prevents data corruption</strong>: Robustness testing ensures the software can handle unexpected input data and prevent data corruption. </p>



<p>5.<strong> Increased security</strong>: Robustness testing ensures that the software can withstand security attacks, preventing unauthorized access or manipulation of data.</p>



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<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-summary"><span id="Summary"><strong>Summary</strong></span></h2>



<p>In summary, this blog post on robustness testing provides valuable insights into various practical aspects such as executing tests, defining stress and load testing scenarios, and its benefits in bringing reliability and stability to software systems. A well-executed robustness testing improves the quality and instills confidence among the users while using critical applications.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-frequently-asked-questions"><span id="Frequently_Asked_Questions"><strong>Frequently Asked Questions</strong></span></h3>



<div class="schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block"><div class="schema-faq-section" id="faq-question-1753253281350"><strong class="schema-faq-question"><strong>What tests the robustness of a test?</strong></strong> <p class="schema-faq-answer">The robustness of a test refers to its ability to perform consistently and accurately under various conditions, including different sample sizes, types of data, and potential measurement errors. To evaluate the robustness of a test, it must be subjected to several tests.</p> </div> <div class="schema-faq-section" id="faq-question-1753253300225"><strong class="schema-faq-question"><strong>What is an example of robustness testing?</strong></strong> <p class="schema-faq-answer">Test an application&#8217;s ability to handle incorrect user input.<br/>A user enters an<strong> invalid date</strong> format into a date field,(If the required format is &#8220;mm-dd-yyyy&#8221; and the user enters &#8220;dd-mm-yyyy&#8221; ). For example, the user enters the date field as 03-30-2023 instead 30-03-2023, and the application should be able to recognize this as an error.<br/>Robustness testing ensures the application can handle any unexpected input without crashing or losing data.</p> </div> </div>


Robustness Testing in Software Testing - An Overview

Robustness Testing in Software Testing – An Overview

Test Coverage How to increase test coverage using Testsigma

Test Coverage – What it is & Improve it Using Testsigma


<p>Can you test 100% of your application? Or can you cover every possible testing scenario? And how much time and resources should you allocate to make the software bug-free? There are multiple questions, and all their answers lie in Test coverage techniques.</p>



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  <p id="hero-banner-para">Test coverage is a metric that measures how much of the application (or code) has been exercised by tests.</p>
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<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets"><p class="toc_title">Table Of Contents</p><ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#What_are_Test_Coverage_Techniques"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">1</span> What are Test Coverage Techniques?</a></li><li><a href="#Why_Are_Test_Coverage_Techniques_Important_for_Test_Automation"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">2</span> Why Are Test Coverage Techniques Important for Test Automation?</a></li><li><a href="#Test_Coverage_Techniques_You_Should_Know"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">3</span> Test Coverage Techniques You Should Know</a><ul><li><a href="#Product_Coverage"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">3.1</span> Product Coverage</a></li><li><a href="#Risk_Coverage"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">3.2</span> Risk Coverage</a></li><li><a href="#Requirements_Coverage"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">3.3</span> Requirements Coverage</a></li><li><a href="#Boundary_Value_Coverage"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">3.4</span> Boundary Value Coverage</a></li><li><a href="#Compatibility_Coverage"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">3.5</span> Compatibility Coverage</a></li><li><a href="#AI-Aided_Test_Automation"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">3.6</span> AI-Aided Test Automation</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Benefits_of_Test_coverage_techniques"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">4</span> Benefits of Test coverage techniques</a></li><li><a href="#How_Test_Management_by_Testsigma_Improves_Test_Coverage"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">5</span> How Test Management by Testsigma Improves Test Coverage?</a></li><li><a href="#Key_Takeaway"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">6</span> Key Takeaway</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">7</span> Frequently Asked Questions</a></li></ul></div>
<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-what-are-test-coverage-techniques"><span id="What_are_Test_Coverage_Techniques"><strong>What are Test Coverage Techniques?</strong><gwmw style="display:none;"></span></h2>



<p>Test coverage helps QA teams:</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Identify untested or risky areas of the product</li><li>Measure testing effectiveness</li><li>Improve confidence in product quality</li><li>Optimize testing efforts by focusing on critical areas</li></ul>



<p>It ensures no significant functionality is overlooked before release.</p>



<p><strong>Formula to Calculate Test Coverage:</strong><gwmw style="display:none;"><gwmw style="display:none;"></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1600" height="230" src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-production.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/22161640/image-29-1.png" alt="Calculate Test Coverage" class="wp-image-63364" srcset="https://s3.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-production.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/22161640/image-29-1.png 1600w, https://s3.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-production.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/22161640/image-29-1-768x110.png 768w, https://s3.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-production.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/22161640/image-29-1-1536x221.png 1536w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px" /><figcaption><gwmw style="display:none;"></figcaption></figure>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-why-are-test-coverage-techniques-important-for-test-automation"><span id="Why_Are_Test_Coverage_Techniques_Important_for_Test_Automation">Why Are Test Coverage Techniques Important for Test Automation?</span></h2>



<p>Automated testing makes use of tools and test scripts to validate the application. The only manual intervention in automated testing is when testers write and run the scripts. Translating the manual cases to automation covers many scenarios to test the application in lesser time. </p>



<p>Thus, better <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/test-coverage/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test coverage</a> can be achieved sooner. With test automation, you can also focus on areas that are easily missed or difficult to test manually. For instance, checking UI changes manually might seem easy, but pixel-by-pixel comparison and the right font and size can be accurately validated using visual test automation. You can use test coverage techniques and automation to analyze the priority of the test case and run them to get results. </p>



<p>One example of this could be an application that consists of multiple research papers, but only users with valid credentials can access them. In that case, identifying the correct logins and sessions per user is a critical task that is difficult to check with <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/manual-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">manual testing</a>. Combining test coverage techniques with automation will clearly determine the areas that need attention and also provide quick testing of the complete scenario. </p>



<p>For automated testing, choose tools that support the implementation of test coverage techniques we are about to discuss in this blog. Testsigma is an AI-based test automation tool that automates your test cases using these techniques, which we will discuss in later sections.</p>



<p>Read here &#8211; <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/test-coverage-metrics/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Test Coverage Metrics</a></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-test-coverage-techniques-you-should-know"><span id="Test_Coverage_Techniques_You_Should_Know">Test Coverage Techniques You Should Know</span></h2>



<p>Test coverage is a metric to determine how much of your software application has been tested. It helps QA teams identify untested areas, measure testing effectiveness, and ensure better product quality. A higher test coverage percentage generally indicates that more parts of the code, features, or requirements have been verified through tests. However, 100% coverage doesn’t always mean the software is defect-free; tests have exercised all defined parts.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-product-coverage"><span id="Product_Coverage">Product Coverage</span></h3>



<p>A Product coverage measures the extent to which all product features, modules, and user flows have been tested. It ensures that every critical part of the application, whether it’s a login page, shopping cart, or dashboard, is validated. Teams can track this using feature-based test matrices or by automating repetitive tests across functionalities.<gwmw style="display:none;"></p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-risk-coverage"><span id="Risk_Coverage">Risk Coverage</span></h3>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="2400" height="1260" src="https://testsigma.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/Slide-16_9-51.png" alt="Test coverage technique - Risk coverage" class="wp-image-29264"/></figure>



<p>Risk coverage focuses on testing areas with the highest potential for failure or business impact. Instead of testing everything equally, QA teams identify high-risk features (e.g., payment processing, authentication) and prioritize them. This technique helps maximize the testing ROI by ensuring the product&#8217;s critical parts are thoroughly verified.<gwmw style="display:none;"></p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-requirements-coverage"><span id="Requirements_Coverage">Requirements Coverage</span></h3>



<p>Requirements coverage measures how many of the software’s defined requirements both functional and non-functional have been validated by at least one test case. It ensures that all customer and business needs outlined during the requirements phase are tested and met before release.<gwmw style="display:none;"></p>



<p><strong>How It Works</strong><strong><br></strong>QA teams map each requirement to one or more test cases, typically using a Requirements Traceability Matrix (RTM). This mapping helps ensure there are no missing tests for any requirement and that all features behave as intended.</p>



<p>If your application has 50 documented requirements and 45 of them have corresponding test cases executed successfully, your requirements coverage is 90%.</p>



<p><strong>Why It Matters:</strong></p>



<ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Ensures full traceability from requirements to tests</li><li>Reduces risk of missing critical functionality</li><li>Helps validate that the software aligns with stakeholder expectations<strong>.</strong></li></ul>



<p>Regularly update your RTM when new requirements are added or changed to keep your coverage metric accurate.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-boundary-value-coverage"><span id="Boundary_Value_Coverage">Boundary Value Coverage</span></h3>



<p>Boundary value coverage focuses on testing at the edges of input ranges values just inside, on, and just outside defined boundaries.<gwmw style="display:none;"></p>



<p>It helps uncover defects that often occur at boundary conditions, where systems are more likely to behave unexpectedly. For each input field or parameter, define the valid input range and test around its limits.&nbsp;</p>



<p>For example, if a system accepts values from 1 to 100, the test cases should include 0, 1, 100, and 101. Suppose there are 20 boundary value test cases planned, and 18 have been executed. Your boundary value coverage = (18 ÷ 20) × 100 = 90%.</p>



<p><strong>Why It Matters:</strong></p>



<ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Detects off-by-one and edge-related defects</li><li>Improves the robustness and reliability of the software</li><li>Helps ensure input validation and error-handling logic are correctly implemented.</li></ul>



<p>Pair boundary testing with equivalence partitioning to optimize test effort, this way, you cover both typical and edge scenarios effectively.<gwmw style="display: none; background-color: transparent;"><gwmw style="display:none;"></gwmw><gwmw style="display:none;"></p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-compatibility-coverage"><span id="Compatibility_Coverage">Compatibility Coverage</span></h3>



<p>Compatibility coverage measures how well your application performs across different environments such as browsers, operating systems, devices, and screen resolutions. It ensures users have a consistent and functional experience regardless of the platform they use.<gwmw style="display:none;"></p>



<p>Identify all environment combinations relevant to your users for instance, Chrome on Windows, Safari on macOS, or Android vs iOS devices.</p>



<p>Then track how many of these have been tested successfully.</p>



<p>If your target matrix includes 10 browser OS combinations and you’ve tested 8 of them, your compatibility coverage is 80%.</p>



<p><strong>Why It Matters:</strong></p>



<ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Prevents environment-specific bugs that can affect user experience</li><li>Ensures cross-platform consistency and accessibility</li><li>Crucial for responsive web and mobile apps with diverse user bases.</li></ul>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-ai-aided-test-automation"><span id="AI-Aided_Test_Automation">AI-Aided Test Automation<gwmw style="display:none;"></span></h3>



<p>AI-aided test automation leverages artificial intelligence to optimize and expand test coverage automatically. AI can identify untested areas, generate missing test cases, self-heal broken tests, and continuously update test suites.<gwmw style="display:none;"></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="benefits-of-test-coverage-techniques"><span id="Benefits_of_Test_coverage_techniques"><strong>Benefits of Test coverage techniques</strong></span></h2>



<p>Implementing test coverage techniques helps QA teams measure, optimize, and communicate the effectiveness of their testing efforts.</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list"><li><strong>Detect Untested or Risky Areas &#8211; </strong>Highlights parts of the application that haven’t been tested, helping QA teams focus on high-risk or high-impact modules before release.</li><li><strong>Improve Product Quality and Reliability &#8211; </strong>Ensures every feature, requirement, and edge case is validated, reducing the chance of defects slipping into production.</li><li><strong>Ensure Requirement Traceability &#8211; </strong>Links each requirement to test cases, confirming that all business goals and user expectations are thoroughly tested.</li><li><strong>Optimize Testing Efforts &#8211; </strong>Prevents redundant testing and directs QA focus toward areas with low coverage or higher risk, improving efficiency and test ROI.</li><li><strong>Build Stakeholder Confidence &#8211; </strong>Provides measurable QA metrics that increase transparency and trust between development, QA, and management teams.</li><li><strong>Enable Data-Driven QA Decisions &#8211; </strong>Offers factual insights to guide prioritization, resource allocation, and release readiness decisions instead of relying on intuition.</li></ul>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="how-test-management-by-testsigma-improves-test-coverage"><span id="How_Test_Management_by_Testsigma_Improves_Test_Coverage"><strong>How Test Management by Testsigma Improves Test Coverage?</strong></span></h2>



<p>Test Management by Testsigma is an agentic test management platform designed for speed, scale, and simplicity. It empowers teams to manage the entire testing lifecycle in one unified platform while significantly improving test coverage.<gwmw style="display:none;"></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1201" height="676" src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-production.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/13164751/AI-native-TMS.png" alt="Ai TMS" class="wp-image-60770" srcset="https://s3.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-production.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/13164751/AI-native-TMS.png 1201w, https://s3.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-production.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/13164751/AI-native-TMS-768x432.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1201px) 100vw, 1201px" /></figure>



<p>What sets Testsigma apart is its intelligent AI core, Atto, your dedicated QA coworker. Atto uses specialized agents to enhance coverage across all phases of testing from planning to execution and bug reporting adding speed, intelligence, and agility to your QA processes.</p>



<p><strong>Here’s how each agent boosts test coverage</strong></p>



<ul class="wp-block-list"><li><strong>Sprint Planner Agent &#8211; </strong>Automatically plans tests as Jira sprints begin, ensuring that all planned features and requirements have corresponding tests from the start.</li><li><strong>Generator Agent &#8211; </strong>Generates test cases from Jira, Figma, Xray, documentation, images, and videos. It intelligently suggests edge cases, helping teams achieve near-complete test coverage quickly and efficiently.</li><li><strong>Runner Agent &#8211; </strong>Enables instant execution of manual test cases in the browser without scripting. Perfect for sanity checks and rapid validation, it ensures key functionalities are consistently tested.</li><li><strong>Bug Reporter Agent &#8211; </strong>Captures detailed bug reports with reproduction steps, logs, and screenshots, and files them directly into tools like Jira. This reduces the chance of missed defects, indirectly improving coverage by ensuring every failing scenario is logged and addressed.</li></ul>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-key-takeaway"><span id="Key_Takeaway">Key Takeaway</span></h2>



<p>Testing is important, but how much testing is important? What parameters exist to help you understand if you are testing the application enough? It&#8217;s test coverage. It measures the lines of code that have been tested against the total lines of code. The idea is to ensure that you know how much testing is over and how much is still left. And for that, you follow several test coverage techniques that we have mentioned in this blog.</p>



<p>From risk coverage and product coverage to automation and boundary-level evaluation, all these techniques will help you assess your testing efforts. And for everything automation, you already have Testsigma to assist you in no-code testing with all the benefits of test coverage. Explore our website for more information, and sign up for the free demo.</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="frequently-asked-questions"><span id="Frequently_Asked_Questions"><strong>Frequently Asked Questions</strong></span></h2>



<div class="schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block"><div class="schema-faq-section" id="faq-question-1761131023434"><strong class="schema-faq-question">1. <strong>What are test coverage metrics?</strong></strong> <p class="schema-faq-answer">Test coverage metrics are measurements that quantify how much of an application or code has been tested. They help QA teams track testing effectiveness, identify untested areas, and ensure critical parts of the system are verified.<br/>Common metrics include,<br/><strong>Code Coverage &#8211;</strong> Percentage of code lines or statements executed by tests.<br/><strong>Requirements Coverage &#8211;</strong> Percentage of functional/non-functional requirements covered by tests.<br/><strong>Test Case Coverage &#8211;</strong> Percentage of planned test cases executed.<gwmw style="display:none;"></gwmw></p> </div> <div class="schema-faq-section" id="faq-question-1761131041603"><strong class="schema-faq-question">2. <strong>What is test coverage in software testing?</strong></strong> <p class="schema-faq-answer">Test coverage in software testing measures the extent to which software has been tested. It shows which parts of the system code, requirements, features, or user flows have been verified by test cases.<gwmw style="display:none;"></gwmw></p> </div> <div class="schema-faq-section" id="faq-question-1761131062561"><strong class="schema-faq-question">3. <strong>What are top 4 test coverage tools?</strong></strong> <p class="schema-faq-answer">Here are four widely used tools for measuring and improving test coverage:<br/><strong>Testsigma</strong> &#8211; AI-driven test management platform that ensures near-complete test coverage across features, requirements, and edge cases.<br/><strong>JaCoCo</strong> &#8211; A Java code coverage tool that integrates with build tools and IDEs.<br/><strong>Cobertura</strong> &#8211; Tracks Java code coverage and generates detailed reports.<br/><strong>Selenium + Reporting Tools</strong> &#8211; When combined with frameworks like TestNG or JUnit, Selenium helps track test execution and coverage for web applications.</p> </div> </div>


Test Coverage Techniques Used In Software Testing

How To Perform Pairwise Testing - A Complete Guide

Pairwise Testing | What It Is, When & How to Perform?


<p>A test suite is a bunch of test cases grouped for a specific purpose. It can cover multiple functionalities or features within an application. On the other hand, a test case focuses on one particular aspect or scenario. It&#8217;s like a single unit of testing within the larger test suite. So, if you want to know more about these two important concepts, keep reading!</p>



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets"><p class="toc_title">Table Of Contents</p><ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#Test_Suite_vs_Test_Case_8211_Overview"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">1</span> Test Suite vs Test Case &#8211; Overview</a><ul><li><a href="#What_is_a_test_case"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">1.1</span> What is a test case?</a></li><li><a href="#What_is_a_Test_Suite"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">1.2</span> What is a Test Suite?</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Test_Suite_vs_Test_Case_-Key_Differences"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">2</span> Test Suite vs Test Case -Key Differences</a></li><li><a href="#What_if_we_want_to_automate_our_Test_cases_and_Test_suites"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">3</span> What if we want to automate our Test cases and Test suites?</a></li><li><a href="#Summary"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">4</span> Summary</a></li></ul></div>
<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="test-suite-vs-test-case-overview"><span id="Test_Suite_vs_Test_Case_8211_Overview"><strong>Test Suite vs Test Case &#8211; Overview</strong></span></h2>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-what-is-a-test-case"><span id="What_is_a_test_case">What is a test case?</span></h3>



<p>A <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/what-is-test-case/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test case</a> is a set of instructions determining whether a software or system behaves as expected. A test case generally outlines the various inputs and outputs for a particular scenario and provides step-by-step instructions on executing that scenario. It can also include information about the expected result after executing those steps.</p>



<p>Test cases are essential because they help identify bugs and issues early, saving time and money in the long run. Ensuring high-quality software products that meet customer requirements would be much harder without them.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-what-is-a-test-suite"><span id="What_is_a_Test_Suite">What is a Test Suite?</span></h3>



<p>A test suite is a set of tests designed to check the functionality and performance of the software. It collects individual test cases based on their specific purpose or characteristics.</p>



<div class="goto-wrapper">
  <p class="goto-para">
  Check here:
    <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/test-case-vs-use-case/" class="goto-link">Test Case Vs Use Case</a>
  </p>
</div>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-test-suite-vs-test-case-key-differences"><span id="Test_Suite_vs_Test_Case_-Key_Differences"><strong>Test Suite vs Test Case -Key Differences</strong></span></h2>



<p>Test suite and Test case are both essential in software testing. The differences between the test suite and the test case can be summarized as follows:</p>



<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Parameter</strong></td><td><strong>Test Suite</strong></td><td><strong>Test Case</strong></td></tr><tr><td><br><br>Definition</td><td>A collection of test cases that are designed to test a specific feature or functionality of the software</td><td>A set of inputs, preconditions, and expected outcomes that are designed to test a particular aspect of the software</td></tr><tr><td>Function&nbsp;</td><td>Tests multiple scenarios and functionalities&nbsp;</td><td>Tests a single scenario or functionality</td></tr><tr><td>Dependency</td><td>It can be dependent on other Test Suites</td><td>Test cases, ideally, run independently of each other</td></tr><tr><td>Priority</td><td>Can be prioritized based on the functionality they cover</td><td>Can be prioritized based on the severity of the issues they uncover</td></tr><tr><td>Purpose</td><td>Validate broad functional requirements</td><td>Validate specific detailed scenarios</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>



<div class="goto-wrapper">
  <p class="goto-para">
  Check Here:
    <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/automated-test-suite/" class="goto-link">Automated Test Suite</a>
  </p>
</div>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-what-if-we-want-to-automate-our-test-cases-and-test-suites"><span id="What_if_we_want_to_automate_our_Test_cases_and_Test_suites"><strong>What if we want to automate our Test cases and Test suites?</strong></span></h2>



<p>Automating test cases and suites can save time and money while improving testing coverage and consistency. Generally, you can automate test cases and suites for Functional Testing and Non-functional testing. </p>



<p>There are tools like Testsigma, Selenium, Appium available for functional testing, and there are tools like Jmeter, loadrunner, webLOAD for non-functional testing (performance testing, load testing etc) </p>



<p><a href="https://testsigma.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Testsigma</a>&nbsp;is a no-code test automation tool that helps you automate your functional test cases and suites. The test steps are as easy to write and edit, as writing english sentences. Testsigma also lets you automate your functional tests for web, mobile, APIs and Desktop from these same place, 10x faster. Testsigma is also available as an open source and free version.</p>



<div class="cta-banner-v2">
<div class="title-with-description ">
<p  class="title">Here is a guide with in-depth discussions on the do&#8217;s and dont&#8217;s of test automation.</p>
</div>
<a href="https://testsigma.com/automated-testing" target="_blank" class="cta-btn-v1" rel="noopener">Check out the guide</a>
</div>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="summary"><span id="Summary"><strong>Summary</strong></span></h2>



<p>This blog taught us about test cases, test suites, and their differences. A test case is a set of instructions that outlines how to execute a specific test on a particular aspect of the software, while a test suite is simply a collection of multiple related tests. In other words, any software testing endeavor&#8217;s pieces can be classified as test cases. Still, when packaged together into an organized group, they form the larger umbrella known as a Test suite.</p>



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<ts-link-item>
<ts-linktext-value>Test Process</ts-linktext-value>
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<ts-linktext-value>Usecase Testing</ts-linktext-value>
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<ts-linktext-value>Automated Test Scripts</ts-linktext-value>
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<ts-linktext-value>Test Scenario</ts-linktext-value>
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<ts-linktext-value>Test Plan Template</ts-linktext-value>
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Test Suite vs Test Case What is the Difference

Test Suite vs Test Case: What is the Difference?


<p>Before getting into the topic of Non-Regression testing, Let&#8217;s brush up!</p>



<p>When a new code change is made, it can mess up how the software works. Even a tiny change can cause unexpected problems or create new bugs. That&#8217;s where Regression testing comes in.</p>



<p><a href="https://testsigma.com/regression-testing#:~:text=Regression%20testing%20is%20a%20software%20testing%20process%20that%20aims,or%20system%20enhancements" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Regression testing</a> means running tests to ensure the new code changes didn&#8217;t mess up anything already working. But sometimes, there isn&#8217;t enough time or resources to run all the tests again. In those cases, the testing team will only check the parts of the system where the changes were made. That&#8217;s called non-regression testing.</p>



<p>This blog will be your guide and tell you more about non-regression testing.<gwmw style="display:none;"></p>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://testsigma.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/in-article.jpg" alt="non-regression testing" class="wp-image-29139" width="600" height="400"/></figure></div>



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets"><p class="toc_title">Table Of Contents</p><ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#What_is_Non-Regression_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">1</span> What is Non-Regression Testing?</a></li><li><a href="#Difference_between_Regression_Testing_and_Non-Regression_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">2</span> Difference between Regression Testing and Non-Regression Testing</a></li><li><a href="#Steps_of_Non-Regression_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">3</span> Steps of Non-Regression Testing</a></li><li><a href="#Use_of_Non-Regression_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">4</span> Use of Non-Regression Testing</a></li><li><a href="#When_should_we_automate_Non-Regression_testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">5</span> When should we automate Non-Regression testing?</a></li><li><a href="#Testsigma_for_automation_of_your_tests_for_web_mobile_APIs_and_Desktops"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">6</span> Testsigma for automation of your tests for web mobile APIs and Desktops</a></li><li><a href="#Summary"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">7</span> Summary</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">8</span> Frequently Asked Questions</a><ul><li><a href="#When_should_you_Automate_Non-Regression_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">8.1</span> When should you Automate Non-Regression Testing?</a></li><li><a href="#What_is_a_Non-Regression_Testing_Example"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">8.2</span> What is a Non-Regression Testing Example?</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-what-is-non-regression-testing"><span id="What_is_Non-Regression_Testing"><strong>What is Non-Regression Testing?</strong></span></h2>



<p>Non-Regression Testing is a software testing technique that ensures a new or modified functionality works correctly with the assumption that the previous functionality was not affected. This technique involves testing only the evolving unit or module rather than the entire product to conserve resources and time.</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-difference-between-regression-testing-and-non-regression-testing"><span id="Difference_between_Regression_Testing_and_Non-Regression_Testing"><strong>Difference between Regression Testing and Non-Regression Testing</strong></span></h2>



<p>Regression and Non-regression Testing are two software testing techniques used in software development. The below table summarizes the difference between regression testing and non-regression testing.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-table aligncenter"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Regression Testing</strong></td><td><strong>Non-Regression Testing</strong></td></tr><tr><td>The aim is to prevent past bugs.</td><td>The aim is to identify bugs in new functionality or features.</td></tr><tr><td>Focuses on the stability of the existing system.</td><td>Focuses on validating newly added functionality.</td></tr><tr><td>Ensures that past changes do not negatively impact existing functionality.</td><td>Ensures that new functionality or features are working as intended.</td></tr><tr><td>Performed after bug fixes, updates, or changes.</td><td>Usually performed after the completion of new functionality or features.</td></tr><tr><td>Occurs after changes to the software are made.</td><td>It occurs during the development process or after new features are released.</td></tr><tr><td>Requires existing test cases to be re-executed.</td><td>Requires new test cases to be developed and executed.</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-steps-of-non-regression-testing"><span id="Steps_of_Non-Regression_Testing"><strong>Steps of Non-Regression Testing</strong></span></h2>



<p>The steps involved in Non-Regression testing include several key elements.</p>



<ol class="wp-block-list"><li>Prepare Test Cases: Test cases that test the new code changes are prepared in this stage.</li><li>Execute Test Cases: This will involve running the test cases against the modified version of the software so that any issues can be identified.</li><li>Analyze Results: After executing the test cases, we need to analyze the results. This will involve looking at the results of the tests and determining if the new change is working as impacted.</li><li>Report Findings: Report the results of the non-regression testing to the relevant stakeholders to identify any issues that need to be resolved.</li><li>Retest: The application should be retested once any new issues have been identified.</li></ol>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-use-of-non-regression-testing"><span id="Use_of_Non-Regression_Testing"><strong>Use of Non-Regression Testing</strong></span></h2>



<p>We use non-regression testing to test new features and functionalities. This is a check to ensure that recent changes are working as expected and does not test the existing features.</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-when-should-we-automate-non-regression-testing"><span id="When_should_we_automate_Non-Regression_testing">When should we automate Non-Regression testing?</span></h2>



<p>Automate non-regression testing when the software system is stable enough to be tested automatically. Check that: &#8211; There are no frequent changes to the system &#8211; There is a clear set of expected results &#8211; The cost of automating the tests is justified. However, it is important to note that not all non-regression testing can or should be automated, as some aspects may require human judgment and analysis.</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-testsigma-for-automation-of-your-tests-for-web-mobile-apis-and-desktops"><span id="Testsigma_for_automation_of_your_tests_for_web_mobile_APIs_and_Desktops"><a href="https://staging-id.testsigma.com/ui/login?redirectTo=https:%2F%2Fstaging.testsigma.com%2Fui%2Fdashboard" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><strong>Testsigma </strong></a><strong>for automation of your tests for web mobile APIs and Desktops</strong></span></h2>



<p>Testsigma is a cloud-based <a href="https://testsigma.com/automated-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test automation</a> platform that enables teams to automate their non-regression tests for web, mobile, APIs, and desktop applications. With Testsigma, teams can easily create and edit automated tests using simple English. Thus, It allows testers to focus on exploratory testing and defect hunting while the automated tests run in the background. Testsigma supports multiple browsers and devices and provides a variety of integrations with third-party tools like JIRA, Jenkins, GitHub, and more. It also offers a range of features for <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/learn-test-management/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test management</a>, including test case management, test suite creation, and test execution reporting. Testsigma is also available as an open-source and free version. </p>



<p><button class="btn bg-primary cta-btn" style="margin: auto"><a href="https://github.com/testsigmahq/testsigma" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="color:#fff">Automate your non-regression tests for web, mobile, desktop, and APIs with Testsigma Open source.</a></button></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-summary"><span id="Summary"><strong>Summary</strong></span></h2>



<p>Here we are; time to Wrap up! So now you know, Non-regression testing is used when system features evolve, or you can call new features added. Overall, this testing checks for any unexpected issues that might occur due to new changes made to the codebase. This testing helps to maintain software quality assurance and should be incorporated into every development cycle.</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-frequently-asked-questions"><span id="Frequently_Asked_Questions"><strong>Frequently Asked Questions</strong></span></h2>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-when-should-you-automate-non-regression-testing"><span id="When_should_you_Automate_Non-Regression_Testing"><strong>When should you Automate <strong>Non-Regression Testing</strong>?</strong></span></h3>



<p>Non-regression testing should be automated when the non-regression tests need to be executed repeatedly, or, if they are too complex to be executed manually.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-what-is-a-non-regression-testing-example"><span id="What_is_a_Non-Regression_Testing_Example"><strong>What is a Non-Regression Testing Example?</strong></span></h3>



<p>Feature testing or functionality testing that is focused on testing new developed features/functionalities in a product is an example of non-regression testing.</p>


Non-Regression Testing: A Quick Overview￼

Front-End Testing A Comprehensive Overview

Frontend Testing: Complete Guide with Types, Tools, and Best Practices

Incremental Testing in Software Testing


<p>Software testing is a crucial aspect of any software development process, and test design plays a major role in ensuring the effectiveness of the testing process. It refers to the process of creating test cases that can effectively validate the functionality of the software being developed. It involves identifying test scenarios, defining test conditions, and creating test cases that can detect bugs in the software. Test design is a challenging process that requires careful planning, attention to detail, and a great understanding of the product. In this article, we will discuss test design and everything you need to know about it.</p>



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets"><p class="toc_title">Table Of Contents</p><ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#What_is_Test_Design"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">1</span> What is Test Design?</a></li><li><a href="#What_is_the_Purpose_of_Test_Design"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">2</span> What is the Purpose of Test Design?</a></li><li><a href="#When_to_Create_a_Test_Design"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">3</span> When to Create a Test Design?</a></li><li><a href="#Why_is_Test_Design_Important_for_Test_Automation"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">4</span> Why is Test Design Important for Test Automation?</a></li><li><a href="#How_Is_Test_Design_Done"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">5</span> How Is Test Design Done?</a></li><li><a href="#Top_Test_Design_Techniques"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">6</span> Top Test Design Techniques</a><ul><li><a href="#1_Equivalence_Class_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">6.1</span> 1. Equivalence Class Testing</a></li><li><a href="#2_State_Transitioning"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">6.2</span> 2. State Transitioning</a></li><li><a href="#3_Exploratory_Testing"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">6.3</span> 3. Exploratory Testing</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Test_Design_Concepts_You_Must_Be_Familiar_With"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">7</span> Test Design Concepts You Must Be Familiar With</a><ul><li><a href="#Test_Automation_Pyramid"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">7.1</span> Test Automation Pyramid</a></li><li><a href="#Test_Coverage_and_Code_Coverage"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">7.2</span> Test Coverage and Code Coverage</a></li><li><a href="#Test_Suites_and_Test_Cases"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">7.3</span> Test Suites and Test Cases</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Summary"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">8</span> Summary</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_1">9</span> Frequently Asked Questions</a><ul><li><a href="#What_is_test_design_in_QA"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">9.1</span> What is test design in QA?</a></li><li><a href="#What_are_the_steps_in_test_design"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">9.2</span> What are the steps in test design?</a></li><li><a href="#What_is_an_example_of_a_test_design"><span class="toc_number toc_depth_2">9.3</span> What is an example of a test design?</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-what-is-test-design"><span id="What_is_Test_Design">What is Test Design?</span></h2>



<p>Test design is a process that defines how testing has to be done. It involves the process of identifying the testing techniques, test scenarios, test cases, test data, and expected test results.</p>



<p>Also, testers need to be specific about the test cases they create, such as providing specific inputs, steps, and test data for each test case.</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-what-is-the-purpose-of-test-design"><span id="What_is_the_Purpose_of_Test_Design">What is the Purpose of Test Design?</span></h2>



<p>Software testing, like all processes, is an investment and is considered successful when it provides an ROI. To ensure, we are getting the <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/roi-test-automation/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">ROI; it has to be tracked too</a>. One factor that will create an impact on the ROI, is the effectiveness of the test strategy. An effective test design will largely dictate the effectiveness of the testing strategy, thus the ROI from the software testing process.</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-when-to-create-a-test-design"><span id="When_to_Create_a_Test_Design">When to Create a Test Design?</span></h2>



<p>Test design should be created once the test conditions are defined, and adequate information is available to create the test cases of both high and low levels.</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-why-is-test-design-important-for-test-automation"><span id="Why_is_Test_Design_Important_for_Test_Automation">Why is Test Design Important for Test Automation?</span></h2>



<p>Just as Test Design is important for an effective test strategy, a well-defined test design plays an important role in the success of test automation too.</p>



<p>It is a crucial activity that helps determine the effectiveness of automated test cases in identifying bugs and is highly essential for quality control and testing.<em>&#8220;More than the act of testing, the act of designing tests is one of the best bug preventers known. &#8220;</em> &#8211; says Boris Beizer.</p>



<p>For the effectiveness of test automation, you also need to have a test automation tool that supports your goals. Thus, choosing the right test automation tool is vital, as also stated by a report that said: <a href="https://research.aimultiple.com/test-automation-statistics/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">26%</a> of companies consider finding the right tools for automation testing as their biggest challenge.</p>



<p>Here is a blog that will help you <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/10-points-to-help-you-choose-the-right-test-automation-tool/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">choose the right test automation tool</a></p>



<p>Testsigma is a powerful no-code test automation platform that lets you automate web, mobile, and desktop applications and APIs in one place 5 times faster. Start using Testsigma to achieve an ROI from your test automation sooner.</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-how-is-test-design-done"><span id="How_Is_Test_Design_Done">How Is Test Design Done?</span></h2>



<p>Test design is done using several test design techniques. The following is a list of some of the top design techniques,</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Equivalence Class Testing</li><li>State Transition</li><li>Exploratory Testing</li><li>Boundary value analysis</li><li><a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/pairwise-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Pairwise test </a>design</li><li>Error guessing test design</li></ul>



<p>Let&#8217;s talk about some of the top techniques in the below section.</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-top-test-design-techniques"><span id="Top_Test_Design_Techniques">Top Test Design Techniques</span></h2>



<p>Let&#8217;s discuss the top techniques in detail.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-1-equivalence-class-testing"><span id="1_Equivalence_Class_Testing">1. Equivalence Class Testing</span></h3>



<p>Equivalence class testing, also known as Equivalence Class Partitioning, is a test design technique that lets you partition your test data into equivalent classes or sections.</p>



<p>It aims to reduce the number of test cases required to test a product by dividing the input domain into a set of equivalence classes. You can use this whenever an input field has a range like age.</p>



<p><strong>Example:</strong></p>



<p>Consider a gaming website has a form that requires users to enter their age. And the form specifies that the age has to be between 18 and 60. Now, using the Equivalence Class Partitioning technique, you can divide the input range into three partitions, as follows,</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list"><li>1 to 17 (invalid)</li><li>18 to 60 (valid)</li><li>&gt;60 (invalid)</li></ul>



<p>By partitioning the input range into equal partitions, you can create test cases that cover all possible scenarios. This way, you can easily make sure that your form is working correctly without testing every possible number between 18 and 60.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-2-state-transitioning"><span id="2_State_Transitioning">2. State Transitioning</span></h3>



<p><p style="padding-bottom:30px">It is a type of black box testing that is performed to check the change in the application&#8217;s state under various inputs. This testing is used where different system transitions have to be tested.</p></p>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="512" height="317" src="https://testsigma.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/test-design.png" alt="Test Design" class="wp-image-36779" /></figure></div>



<p><p style="padding-top:30px"><strong>State Transition Diagram</strong>Above is a state transition diagram that needs to be tested, it depicts how a system&#8217;s state changes on specific inputs. The four main components for a state transition diagram are as follows:</p></p>



<ol class="wp-block-list"><li>States</li><li>Transition</li><li>Events</li><li>Actions</li></ol>



<p>State transition testing helps understand the system&#8217;s behavior and covers all the conditions. Let&#8217;s try to understand this with an example.</p>



<p><strong>Example:</strong></p>



<p>Consider a bank application that allows users to log in with valid credentials. But, if the user doesn&#8217;t remember the credentials, the application allows them to retry with up to three attempts. If they provide valid credentials within those three attempts, it will lead to a successful login. In case of three unsuccessful attempts, the application will have to block the account.</p>



<p><p style="padding-bottom:30px">The below image will explain this scenario in a clear way.</p></p>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="2400" height="1260" src="https://testsigma.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/Slide-16_9-47.png" alt="State Transitioning Example

" class="wp-image-29248" /></figure></div>



<br><h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-3-exploratory-testing"><span id="3_Exploratory_Testing">3. Exploratory Testing</span></h3>



<p>Exploratory testing is primarily used in Agile methods and involves outside-the-box thinking.</p>



<p>This process does not follow pre-defined test cases but instead involves testers using their knowledge, skills, and creativity to identify issues that may not have been anticipated by developers.</p>



<p>During exploratory testing, the tester will explore the software application in an unstructured way, creating and executing tests on the fly. The goal of this testing is to uncover bugs that may have been missed by other traditional testing methods.</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-test-design-concepts-you-must-be-familiar-with"><span id="Test_Design_Concepts_You_Must_Be_Familiar_With">Test Design Concepts You Must Be Familiar With</span></h2>



<p>As a software tester, there are several test design concepts that you must be familiar with to create effective test cases. Here are some of the most important test design concepts,</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-test-automation-pyramid"><span id="Test_Automation_Pyramid">Test Automation Pyramid</span></h3>



<p><a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/testing-pyramid/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Test Automation Pyramid</a> is a testing framework that helps developers and testers to build high-quality products. It emphasizes the importance of automation at each level. The pyramid consists of three levels, each representing a different type of testing as follows,</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Unit Tests</li><li>Integration Tests</li><li>End-to-End Tests</li></ul><br>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter"><img decoding="async" src="https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-production.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/migrated_images/image_c16ec456872814f4201ea32d8adda958_2000.png_1748947564.png" alt="Test Automation Pyramid" /></figure></div>



<p><p style="padding-top:30px"><strong>Unit testing:</strong> Here, testing is done on individual units or software modules. Each unit is tested separately to ensure that it behaves as intended and meets its requirements.<strong>Integration testing:</strong> It helps verify that different modules of a software application are working as intended when they are integrated together.<strong>End-to-End testing:</strong> It involves evaluating the entire software application, from start to finish, to ensure that all components work together as expected and meet the requirements and business objectives. Also, it enables quick feedback cycles and helps developers fix bugs in a short time. It helps save time, reduce costs, and improve the overall quality of an application.</p></p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-test-coverage-and-code-coverage"><span id="Test_Coverage_and_Code_Coverage">Test Coverage and Code Coverage</span></h3>



<p>Both test coverage and code coverage are two related but distinct concepts in software testing. Test coverage refers to the maximum extent to which an application has been tested.</p>



<p><p style="padding-bottom:30px">Test coverage is calculated as follows,</p></p>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter"><img decoding="async" src="https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-production.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/migrated_images/image_e6a57381fb6b6df9baffdeabb9564c59_2000.png_1748947562.png" alt="Test coverage" /></figure></div>



<p><p style="padding-top:30px">For example, if you have 2000 lines of code, your test cases should be able to test the entire codebase. If only 1000 lines of code are tested out of 2000, the test coverage is 50%. Aim for 100% test coverage which means that your entire application functionality is tested to ensure a high-quality product.Code coverage specifically refers to the percentage of the code that has been covered by tests. Simply put, code coverage tells how much code is tested, and test coverage tells if your tests cover the application&#8217;s functionality or not.</p></p>



<p>Code coverage is calculated as follows,</p>



<p><strong><em>Code Coverage Percentage = (Number of lines of code executed)/(Total Number of lines of code in an application) * 100</em></strong></p>



<p>If the entire piece of code is tested, then you may consider that the code coverage is 100%. Good code coverage is considered a good metric for testing.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-test-suites-and-test-cases"><span id="Test_Suites_and_Test_Cases">Test Suites and Test Cases</span></h3>



<p>Test Suites and Test cases are interrelated terms. A test suite can be defined as a collection of test cases designed to test a specific functionality of the software. They are typically created and managed by testers.A test case is a set of instructions that defines the steps to be taken and the expected results for testing specific software functionality. Simply put, test cases are individual tests.</p>



<p><p style="padding-bottom:30px">When you automate your test cases, Testsigma &#8211; a no-code test automation tool also supports the addition, updation, and deletion of test cases and test suites. It is very easy to <a href="https://testsigma.com/docs/test-cases/manage/add-edit-delete/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">create test cases</a> using its NLP approach. It also lets you easily manage and run automated test cases on the cloud.</p></p>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-production.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/migrated_images/image_e69813b7bb64fad47fabffb4dc7b2f19_2000.png_1748947567.png" alt="Testsigma" width="800" height="400" /></figure></div>



<br><h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-summary"><span id="Summary">Summary</span></h2>



<p>Test design is a vital aspect of software testing that cannot be overlooked. A well-designed test strategy can provide valuable insights into the quality of software, helping testers identify issues before they become major problems. Thus, it helps businesses save a lot of time, effort, resources, and cost in the long run.</p>



<p>Testing is not just about finding bugs but also about ensuring that the software meets the user&#8217;s needs and expectations. By following a structured test design approach, businesses can achieve both of these goals.</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-frequently-asked-questions"><span id="Frequently_Asked_Questions">Frequently Asked Questions</span></h2>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-what-is-test-design-in-qa"><span id="What_is_test_design_in_QA">What is test design in QA?</span></h3>



<p>Test design is a stage of the software testing process where testers create test scenarios and develop test cases and test scripts.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-what-are-the-steps-in-test-design"><span id="What_are_the_steps_in_test_design">What are the steps in test design?</span></h3>



<p>Test designing involves writing and developing test cases. Testers will also have to do the following,<strong></strong></p>



<ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Identify the test objectives</li><li>Identify the test scenarios</li><li>Specify the test data and expected results</li><li>Create the test cases</li><li>Decide on the test schedule</li></ul>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-what-is-an-example-of-a-test-design"><span id="What_is_an_example_of_a_test_design">What is an example of a test design?</span></h3>



<p>Test design can be created using various test design techniques, such as equivalence classes, state transition, boundary value analysis, error guessing, etc.</p>



<p>Let&#8217;s consider your website has an input field that accepts values only from 1 to 10. The test condition for the above scenario would be,</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list"><li>&lt;1 &#8211; Invalid</li><li>1 &#8211; 10 &#8211; Valid</li><li>&gt;10 &#8211; Invalid</li><li>Any three-digit number (Example &#8211; 100) &#8211; Invalid</li></ul>



<p><p style="padding-top:30px">The below image will help you understand better,</p></p>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter"><img decoding="async" src="https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-production.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/migrated_images/image_4ad5fbabeaa76cbe74bd1da33d2f2451_2000.png_1748947560.png" alt="What is an example of a test design" /></figure></div>



<p><p style="padding-bottom:30px">The values -1, 0, 2, 12, and 100 should be okay to test the above scenario. Here, both Equivalence classes and Boundary Value Analysis is used.</p></p>


Test Design in Software Testing - A Comprehensive Guide