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One more reason to keep raising the bar in test automation.



As we prepare to wrap up 2024 and carry forward the momentum AI has brought across industries, we’re thrilled to share some news that truly adds a feather to our cap. Testsigma has been recognized as a Momentum Leader in G2&#8217;s Winter 2025 Report for Software Testing and Automation Testing. The quadrant highlights products that are highly rated by customers for their performance and reliability, making this recognition especially meaningful for us.



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#Recent_Stats_from_G2s_State_of_Testing">1 Recent Stats from G2’s State of Testing:</a></li><li><a href="#Listening_to_the_Voice_of_Our_Customers">2 Listening to the Voice of Our Customers</a></li><li><a href="#Mid-Market_Automation_Testing_Report_Scoring_Description">3 Mid-Market Automation Testing Report Scoring Description</a></li><li><a href="#What_makes_Testsigma_stand_out">4 What makes Testsigma stand out?</a></li><li><a href="#About_G2_Reviews">5 About G2 Reviews</a></li><li><a href="#About_Testsigma">6 About Testsigma</a></li><li><a href="#Looking_Ahead">7 Looking Ahead</a></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-recent-stats-from-g2-s-state-of-testing">Recent Stats from G2’s State of Testing:</h2>



 According to G2’s latest data, automation testing continues to see rapid adoption among enterprises of all sizes. Key stats include:



<ul><li>80% of mid-market companies now rely on automation testing tools to accelerate delivery cycles.</li><li>Tools with low-code and AI-powered capabilities have seen a 50% increase in adoption compared to last year.</li><li>Customer satisfaction ratings emphasize ease of integration and scalability as top priorities.</li></ul>



These insights highlight the growing importance of intuitive, codeless, AI-driven solutions like Testsigma.



<h2 id="listening-to-the-voice-of-our-customers">Listening to the Voice of Our Customers</h2>



 When we listen to our customers, one thing is clear: The shift to automation testing is driven by the need to deliver faster, better software. At Testsigma, we&#8217;ve always focused on making testing simpler and more accessible for everyone, and our recognition as a Momentum Leader in G2’s Winter 2025 Mid-Market Report for Software Testing and Automation Testing is yet another proof of that effort.



Words That Motivate Us Every Day



We chose Testsigma for its ease of use and flexibility. 80% of our test coverage is automated now, improving our software quality. 80% Automated Test Coverage Jan-Clément Leloup Technical Support Engineer



With Testsigma, we′ve reduced our test execution time from 8 weeks to just 5 weeks per sprint. 75% Regression Suite Automated Holly Pennington Test Manager



<h2 id="mid-market-automation-testing-report-scoring-description">Mid-Market Automation Testing Report Scoring Description</h2>



 Products in the Mid-Market Automation Testing Report are evaluated based on customer satisfaction and market presence. Testsigma’s high customer satisfaction scores, especially for quality of support and ease of use, have earned us recognition as a Momentum Leader in Software Testing and Automation Testing.



For mid-market teams, this shows that Testsigma is a reliable choice for growing businesses needing faster automation testing without complicated setups or advanced technical skills. Our platform helps teams create automated functional tests 10X faster using plain English and GenAI, making testing simpler and faster without any misses. While this is an important milestone, there’s much more to come.



<h2 id="what-makes-testsigma-stand-out">What makes Testsigma stand out?</h2>



 If you want to simplify test automation and tackle issues such as complex workflows, complicated setups, or skill gaps, here’s why you should connect with us:



<ul><li>Get 10X faster test automation to increase test coverage.</li><li>Reduce your testing effort by 70% with a low-code approach and AI-driven maintenance.</li><li>Witness 30% shorter release cycles with continuous testing, providing rapid feedback.</li></ul>



Along with solid results, we are a fast-growing company experiencing strong organic customer growth and excellent user retention, reflecting the trust and value our platform delivers.



<h2 id="about-g2-reviews">About G2 Reviews</h2>



 G2 is a peer-to-peer review site that empowers businesses to make informed decisions about software tools. Their reports are based on real customer feedback, making them a trusted resource for buyers worldwide. Testsigma’s inclusion in the Winter 2025 report reflects the trust and satisfaction of our users, as well as our growing presence as a Momentum Leader in Software Testing and Automation Testing.



<h2 id="about-testsigma">About Testsigma</h2>



 Testsigma is a GenAI-powered, low-code platform that accelerates testing cycles without compromising quality. Using a Natural Language Programming approach, it lets users create complex automated tests in plain English while retaining the structure of programming languages. With built-in GenAI features, QA teams can generate test scenarios quickly, ensuring comprehensive coverage and reducing development effort.



<h2 id="looking-ahead">Looking Ahead</h2>



This recognition as a Momentum Leader is a step forward, and there’s so much more to come. We’re gearing up to launch new features, including a comprehensive test management suite, to further enhance your testing workflows. So stay tuned!



If simplifying your testing process with no-code automation sounds exciting, <a href="https://testsigma.com/request-demo" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">book a free demo</a> with us today and see how Testsigma can make testing simpler and faster for your team.

Testsigma Stands Out in G2 Winter 2025 Automation Testing Report

Testsigma Stands Out in G2 Winter 2024 Mid Market Testing Report

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Despite the surge in automated testing and AI tools out there, testing manually is still super important for making sure software works right.&nbsp;



As a Manual tester, cultivating a mindset of critical thinking is key to verifying product functionality and aligning actual outcomes with expected results. Proficiency in <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/manual-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">manual testing</a> requires a diverse skill set, encompassing the evaluation of usability, performance, security, and accessibility aspects.



Here are some unique skills that can elevate a manual tester&#8217;s effectiveness in ensuring exceptional software quality:



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#1_Strong_Analytical_Skills">1 1. Strong Analytical Skills</a></li><li><a href="#2_Proficiency_in_API_Testing">2 2. Proficiency in API Testing:</a></li><li><a href="#3_Understanding_of_Databases">3 3. Understanding of Databases:</a></li><li><a href="#4_Solid_Testing_Concepts">4 4. Solid Testing Concepts:</a></li><li><a href="#5_Familiarity_with_HTTP_Status_Codes">5 5. Familiarity with HTTP Status Codes:</a></li><li><a href="#6_Knowledge_of_Version_Control_Systems_like_GIT">6 6. Knowledge of Version Control Systems like GIT:</a></li><li><a href="#7_Effective_Communication_Skills">7 7. Effective Communication Skills:</a></li><li><a href="#8_Familiarity_with_Agile_Methodology">8 8. Familiarity with Agile Methodology:</a></li><li><a href="#9_Cross-Browser_Testing_Proficiency">9 9. Cross-Browser Testing Proficiency:</a></li><li><a href="#10_Understanding_of_Software_Development_Life_Cycle_SDLC">10 10. Understanding of Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC):</a></li><li><a href="#11_Accessibility_Testing_Skills">11 11. Accessibility Testing Skills:</a></li><li><a href="#12_Performance_Testing_Proficiency">12 12. Performance Testing Proficiency:</a></li><li><a href="#13_Security_Testing_Awareness">13 13. Security Testing Awareness:</a></li><li><a href="#16_JIRA">14 16. JIRA:</a></li><li><a href="#17_Mobile_Testing">15 17. Mobile Testing:</a></li><li><a href="#Conclusion">16 Conclusion:</a></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-1-strong-analytical-skills">1. Strong Analytical Skills</h2>



Analytical skills are vital for thinking outside the box and generating edge cases for thorough product testing. Simply verifying requirements and following the happy path is not sufficient. Additionally,&nbsp; skilled manual testers must also possess strong analytical capabilities to troubleshoot unexpected issues encountered during testing sessions.



<h2 id="h-2-proficiency-in-api-testing">2. Proficiency in API Testing:</h2>



Understanding Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) is becoming increasingly crucial for manual testers, especially in the age of interconnected systems. Testers should be familiar with the basics of <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/api-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">API testing</a>, including how to interact with APIs and validate their responses.&nbsp;



Proficiency in tools like POSTMAN enables testers to send requests, inspect responses, and verify the functionality of API endpoints. Moreover, knowledge of RESTful and SOAP APIs helps testers thoroughly check the behind-the-scenes part of the software, making sure data is kept safe and the system works reliably.



Check here &#8211; <a href="https://testsigma.com/tools/manual-testing-tools/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Manual Testing Tools</a>



<h2 id="h-3-understanding-of-databases">3. Understanding of Databases:</h2>



Since data is the backbone of many software applications, testers must have a solid understanding of databases. This includes knowledge of database management systems (DBMS) such as MySQL, PostgreSQL, or MongoDB.&nbsp;



Testers should be comfortable writing and executing SQL queries to validate data, perform CRUD operations, and verify data transformations. Furthermore, familiarity with database schema enables testers to design test scenarios that cover various data scenarios and edge cases.



<h2 id="h-4-solid-testing-concepts">4. Solid Testing Concepts:</h2>



A strong foundation in testing concepts is fundamental for manual testers. They should understand the principles of test design, including creating test cases, test scenarios, and test plans.&nbsp;



Moreover, testers should be proficient in identifying, documenting, and prioritizing defects using <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/defect-tracking-tools/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">defect-tracking tools</a> like JIRA or Bugzilla. Understanding different types of testing, such as functional testing, regression testing, and user acceptance testing, gives testers the ability to tailor their approach based on project requirements and constraints.



Check here &#8211; <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/test-cases-for-manual-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Test Cases for Manual Testing</a>



<h2 id="h-5-familiarity-with-http-status-codes">5. Familiarity with HTTP Status Codes:</h2>



Manual testers should be familiar with Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) status codes and their meanings. This knowledge is particularly valuable when testing web applications and APIs. HTTP status codes provide valuable insights into the server&#8217;s response and help testers diagnose issues more effectively.&nbsp;



For example, a 404 status code indicates that the requested resource was not found, while a 500 status code signifies a server error. By understanding these codes, testers can communicate more precisely with developers which can further help them to fix the problems faster.



<h2 id="h-6-knowledge-of-version-control-systems-like-git">6. Knowledge of Version Control Systems like GIT:</h2>



Version control systems like GIT play a pivotal role in software development and testing. Manual testers often collaborate with developers and need to understand how version control works to access the latest code changes.&nbsp;



Basic GIT knowledge, including tagging, merging, and reverting changes facilitates seamless collaboration and ensures that testers are always working with the most up-to-date codebase. In many product companies, it&#8217;s often QA&#8217;s responsibility to merge developers&#8217; code or pull requests into the main codebase. Therefore, having a grasp of GIT basics is crucial for manual QA testers.



<h2 id="h-7-effective-communication-skills">7. Effective Communication Skills:</h2>



Effective communication is essential for manual testers to convey their findings accurately in the form of defects and collaborate with cross-functional teams. Testers should be able to articulate test results, raise defects, and suggest improvements clearly and concisely.&nbsp;



Additionally, active listening skills are crucial for understanding project requirements, gathering feedback, and resolving conflicts efficiently. By creating open communication channels, testers can foster a collaborative testing environment and contribute positively to the overall project&#8217;s success.



<h2 id="h-8-familiarity-with-agile-methodology">8. Familiarity with Agile Methodology:</h2>



In agile development environments, testers need to adapt quickly to changing requirements and priorities. They should have a solid understanding of agile methodologies such as Scrum or Kanban and actively participate in agile ceremonies like sprint planning, daily stand-ups, and retrospectives.&nbsp;



Testers should embrace the iterative nature of agile development and focus on delivering value to end-users in short development cycles. Additionally, being responsive to feedback and continuously improving testing processes are key aspects of being a manual tester.



<h2 id="h-9-cross-browser-testing-proficiency">9. Cross-Browser Testing Proficiency:</h2>



As web applications become more widespread, manual testers need to make sure they work well on different browsers and devices. Testers should conduct cross-browser testing to identify potential UI inconsistencies or functional discrepancies.&nbsp;



This involves testing web applications on popular browsers such as Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Microsoft Edge, and Safari across different operating systems and versions. Moreover, testers should leverage browser developer tools to inspect page elements, debug JavaScript code, and analyze network requests for performance optimization.



<h2 id="h-10-understanding-of-software-development-life-cycle-sdlc">10. Understanding of Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC):</h2>



Understanding the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is essential for manual testers to align their testing activities with the development process. Testers should be familiar with SDLC phases such as requirements gathering, design, development, testing, deployment, and maintenance.&nbsp;



This enables testers to identify the appropriate testing activities for each phase and ensure that quality is maintained throughout the software development process. Additionally, knowledge of different testing methodologies and frameworks empowers testers to select the most suitable approach based on project constraints and objectives.



<h2 id="h-11-accessibility-testing-skills">11. Accessibility Testing Skills:</h2>



Making sure web apps are easy to use for people with disabilities is super important. Testers need to know about rules like WCAG (Web Content Accessibility Guidelines) and how to check if apps meet these rules.&nbsp;



This means looking at things like if you can navigate with just a keyboard, if screen readers work if colors are clear, and if the HTML is set up right. When testers do good accessibility tests, they help make sure everyone can use the app easily.



Check here &#8211; <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/is-manual-testing-a-good-career/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Is testing manually a good career?</a>



<h2 id="h-12-performance-testing-proficiency">12. Performance Testing Proficiency:</h2>



Manual testers should be able to assess the performance of web applications by conducting load testing, <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/software-stress-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">stress testing</a>, and other performance testing techniques. Understanding how to identify and measure key performance indicators (KPIs) such as response time, throughput, and resource utilization is essential for ensuring optimal application performance under varying conditions.



<h2 id="h-13-security-testing-awareness">13. Security Testing Awareness:</h2>



Manual testers should have a basic understanding of common security vulnerabilities and how to test for them. This includes conducting security testing techniques such as penetration testing, vulnerability scanning, and authentication testing to identify potential security risks in web applications. Awareness of security best practices and compliance standards can help testers identify and mitigate security threats effectively.



<h2 id="h-16-jira">16. JIRA:</h2>



JIRA is an agile project management tool widely utilized across various companies today. It serves as a central platform for referencing stories, creating Epics, and setting up boards such as Kanban or Scrum. Familiarity with JIRA is invaluable for testers as it enhances their adaptability across different organizations. Essential skills include creating tasks, raising defects, and effectively utilizing filters and dashboards.



In today&#8217;s workplace, showcasing work is just as crucial as completing it. Therefore, knowing how to create dashboards, filter issues, and share insights with the team are expected skills from manual testers in most companies today.



Check here &#8211; <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/is-manual-testing-becoming-a-bottleneck-in-continuous-delivery/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Challenges in testing manually </a>



<h2 id="h-17-mobile-testing">17. Mobile Testing:</h2>



The percentage of Internet traffic for mobile devices has seen a massive increase over the last decade. According to a recent <a href="https://explodingtopics.com/blog/mobile-internet-traffic" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">survey</a>, over 60% of website traffic now comes from mobile devices, with 92.3% of internet users accessing the internet via mobile phones. With approximately 4.32 billion active mobile internet users, it&#8217;s crucial to understand how to conduct <a href="http://5What is Mobile App Testing: Definition, Types and Process Testsigma https://testsigma.com › mobile-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">mobile testing</a>.



Ensuring that your website functions well across various devices is essential. It&#8217;s one of the most important aspects to consider during testing. Testing on different mobile devices is necessary to ensure that all functionalities work seamlessly and that there are no issues or broken features.



Check here &#8211; <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/manual-testing-interview-questions/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Manual Testing Interview Questions</a>



<h2 id="h-conclusion">Conclusion:</h2>



In conclusion, while automation undoubtedly plays a crucial role in streamlining the testing process, the human element remains indispensable in ensuring software quality. By developing innovative skills such as user-centric testing, exploratory testing expertise, cross-functional collaboration, adaptability to emerging technologies, and critical thinking, manual testers can elevate their role from mere validators to invaluable contributors in the pursuit of software excellence.



Check here &#8211; <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/manual-testing-vs-automation-testing-which-one-should-you-choose/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Manual Testing vs Automation Testing</a>



Testsigma is a test automation tool, especially made for the manual team, that helps you automate your regression tests for web, mobile, desktop applications and APIs, 10x faster, while authoring tests in simple English. This increases the availability of manual testers for user-centric and exploratory testing.



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<div class="title-with-description ">
Automate your regression tests for web, mobile, desktop applications and APIs, 10x faster with Testsigma
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<a href="https://testsigma.com/signup" target="_blank" class="cta-btn-v1" rel="noopener">Try for free</a>
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Skills for Manual Testing

At Testsigma, we believe that accessibility isn’t just a checkbox—it’s a fundamental principle of modern digital products. That’s why I’m incredibly excited to announce the addition of Accessibility testing to our low-code test automation platform.&nbsp;



In a world where accessibility compliance is becoming a legal requirement, we want to help quality engineering teams stay ahead. Our new Accessibility Testing feature automates compliance with global standards like WCAG 2.2 and ensures inclusivity for users of all abilities.



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#Why_Accessibility_Matters">1 Why Accessibility Matters</a></li><li><a href="#Why_You_Should_Act_Now">2 Why You Should Act Now</a></li><li><a href="#How_Testsigma8217s_Accessibility_Testing_Can_Help_You">3 How Testsigma&#8217;s Accessibility Testing Can Help You</a></li><li><a href="#Moving_Toward_a_More_Inclusive_Digital_World">4 Moving Toward a More Inclusive Digital World</a></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-why-accessibility-matters">Why Accessibility Matters</h2>



Accessibility goes beyond meeting legal requirements; it’s about providing equal opportunity in the digital age. As more businesses realize the importance of inclusive design, we’re here to empower software engineering teams to ship compliant and inclusive web applications more easily than ever. Testsigma’s codeless test automation platform makes it easier than ever to ship compliant software since it lets anyone write and execute automated tests using plain English.



<h2 id="h-why-you-should-act-now">Why You Should Act Now</h2>



The European Accessibility Act (EAA) mandates that all digital platforms be fully compliant by June 2025. This means businesses worldwide must act fast to avoid penalties and ensure their products meet legal standards, especially in the banking, healthcare, and government sectors.&nbsp;



<h2 id="h-how-testsigma-s-accessibility-testing-can-help-you">How Testsigma&#8217;s Accessibility Testing Can Help You</h2>



<ul><li>Automated WCAG 2.1 Compliance Testsigma handles the heavy lifting, automatically checking your applications against Level A, AA, and AAA standards. From color contrast issues to focus order, it identifies the gaps so you can fix them faster.</li><li>Seamless Integration No setup, no separate tools needed. Accessibility testing fits directly into your existing workflows, alongside your functional, API, and visual tests.</li><li>Codeless Test Creation You don’t need to be an accessibility expert or a code-heavy developer. Our low-code platform makes it easy for anyone on your team to contribute to testing.</li><li>Real-Time Insights Receive detailed reports on accessibility issues during the development cycle, enabling proactive fixes before your product reaches users.</li></ul>



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<div class="title-with-description ">
Stay ahead of the June 2025 EAA deadline with WCAG 2.2 compliance.
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<a href="https://testsigma.com/automated-accessibility-testing" target="_blank" class="cta-btn-v1" rel="noopener">Try Testsigma for Free</a>
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<h2 id="h-moving-toward-a-more-inclusive-digital-world">Moving Toward a More Inclusive Digital World</h2>



At Testsigma, we’re committed to helping businesses deliver products everyone can use, regardless of their abilities. This new capability is just one of many steps to ensure that the digital world is inclusive, compliant, and accessible for all.&nbsp;



<a href="https://meet.testsigma.com/campaign/intro?name=there&amp;email=your%20email" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Talk to us</a> today and experience how Testsigma can help your team build accessible digital products that comply with global standards.



If you&#8217;re an existing user interested in enhancing your accessibility features, <a href="https://meet.testsigma.com/campaign/intro?name=there&amp;email=your%20email" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Reach out to us</a> &#8211; we can help you set everything up from the start.&nbsp;



Thank you for joining us on this journey. We look forward to helping you build the future of accessible, inclusive digital products.

Testsigma's Codeless Accessibility Testing

Introducing Testsigma’s Codeless Accessibility Testing

Defect density is crucial when testing software and ensuring its high quality, because it measures the number of defects in the software compared to how big the software is in terms of lines of code or function points.&nbsp;



When doing test automation, defect density becomes even more important because it helps you determine which software parts are more likely to have issues and need more testing.&nbsp;



Monitoring defect density over time also tells you if your improvements are making a difference, so it&#8217;s a great tool for keeping your software improving.



Lets discuss more in detail about Defect Density in this blog.



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#What_is_Defect_Density">1 What is Defect Density?</a></li><li><a href="#How_to_calculate_Defect_Density">2 How to calculate Defect Density?</a></li><li><a href="#Defect_Density_Example">3 Defect Density Example</a></li><li><a href="#Uses_of_Defect_Density">4 Uses of Defect Density</a></li><li><a href="#Factors_Affecting_Defect_Density_Metrics">5 Factors Affecting Defect Density Metrics</a></li><li><a href="#Advantages_of_Defect_Density">6 Advantages of Defect Density</a></li><li><a href="#Calculate_Defect_Density_For_Test_Automation">7 Calculate Defect Density For Test Automation</a></li><li><a href="#Summary">8 Summary</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions">9 Frequently Asked Questions</a></li><li><a href="#What_is_a_good_defect_density">10 What is a good defect density?</a></li><li><a href="#What_is_a_normal_defect_rate">11 What is a normal defect rate?</a></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-what-is-defect-density">What is Defect Density?</h2>



Defect Density is a measure used in <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/software-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">software testing</a> to quantify the number of defects found in a piece of software or a component relative to its size. It is typically expressed as the number of defects per thousand lines of code (KLOC).&nbsp;



This metric helps assess the software&#8217;s quality and reliability, guiding project teams in identifying areas that need more focused testing and improvement.



<h2 id="h-how-to-calculate-defect-density">How to calculate Defect Density?</h2>



We can calculate it using the following formula:



Defect Density = (Number of Defects) / (Size of the Software Entity)



The size is typically measured in<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Source_lines_of_code" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow"> Lines of Code</a> (LOC), Function Points (FP), or modules/components. The chosen unit depends on the project context and industry standards.



For example, if a software application has 50 confirmed defects and the size is 10,000 lines of code, then the Defect Density would be 0.005 defects per line of code.



<h2 id="h-defect-density-example">Defect Density Example</h2>



Let us look at two different examples to understand better about this:



<ol><li>Defect Density Example: E-commerce Website</li></ol>



Imagine we&#8217;re developing a new e-commerce website. Here&#8217;s how defect density can be applied:



Scenario:



<ul><li>The website has 200 confirmed defects after testing.</li><li>The size is measured in Function Points (FP), estimated to be 100 FP.</li></ul>



Calculation:



Defect Density = (Number of Defects) / (Size of the Software Entity)



Defect Density = 200 defects / 100 FP



Defect Density = 2 defects per FP



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" width="1280" height="720" src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-production.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/18074922/91479cc8-2f80-4c9a-a2fc-89f2421d877e.jpg" alt="defect density calculation" class="wp-image-50921" srcset="https://s3.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-production.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/18074922/91479cc8-2f80-4c9a-a2fc-89f2421d877e.jpg 1280w, https://s3.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-production.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/18074922/91479cc8-2f80-4c9a-a2fc-89f2421d877e-768x432.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px" /></figure>



Interpretation:



This is a relatively high defect density. While a specific benchmark depends on the e-commerce industry and development approach (Agile might have a slightly higher tolerance), it suggests room for improvement.



Further Analysis:



<ul><li>We should analyze the severity distribution of defects. Are there any critical bugs or mostly minor UI issues?</li><li>We can track defect density over different development phases. Did it decrease after additional testing cycles?</li></ul>



Decision Making:



Based on the analysis, we can decide on:



<ul><li>Additional testing: More testing might be needed if critical defects are prevalent.</li><li>Process improvement: Are there recurring defect types? This might indicate a need for improved coding practices or code reviews.</li><li>Release prioritization: If resources are limited, fixing high-impact defects might take priority before addressing minor ones.</li></ul>



This example highlights how defect density provides a starting point for software quality assessment, leading to further analysis and informed decisions regarding testing and development processes.



<ol start="2"><li>Defect Density Example: Mobile App with Severity Levels</li></ol>



Let&#8217;s consider a mobile app with two functionalities: login and news feed. We&#8217;ll track the defects found during testing and categorize them by severity (critical, major, minor).



Scenario:



<ul><li>Login functionality: 10,000 lines of code (LOC) <ul><li>Critical defects: 2 (e.g., app crashes on login)</li><li>Major defects: 3 (e.g., login fails with incorrect error message)</li><li>Minor defects: 5 (e.g., missing visual element on login screen) </li></ul></li><li>News feed functionality: 15,000 LOC <ul><li>Critical defects: 1 (e.g., news feed crashes after loading)</li><li>Major defects: 4 (e.g., news feed displays outdated information)</li><li>Minor defects: 7 (e.g., typos in news articles)</li></ul></li></ul>



Defect Density Calculation (focusing on critical and major defects):



<ol><li>Overall: <ul><li>Total critical defects: 2 (login) + 1 (news feed) = 3</li><li>Total major defects: 3 (login) + 4 (news feed) = 7</li><li>Total critical &amp; major defects: 3 + 7 = 10</li><li>Total LOC: 10,000 (login) + 15,000 (news feed) = 25,000</li><li>Defect Density = 10 defects / 25,000 LOC = 0.0004 defects/LOC </li></ul></li><li>Per Functionality: <ul><li>Login: (2 critical + 3 major) / 10,000 LOC = 0.0005 defects/LOC</li><li>News feed: (1 critical + 4 major) / 15,000 LOC = 0.00033 defects/LOC</li></ul></li></ol>



Analysis:



<ul><li>The overall defect density (0.0004 defects/LOC) is relatively low, indicating good software quality.</li><li>However, the login functionality has a slightly higher defect density than the news feed.</li><li>This might suggest focusing additional testing efforts on the login functionality, especially considering the critical defects found there.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-uses-of-defect-density">Uses of Defect Density</h2>



Here are the major uses:



<ol><li>Assessing Software Quality: Look at defect density to gauge the number of defects relative to the software size. Lower defect density usually signals better quality. </li><li>Prioritizing Testing Efforts: First, focus your testing on areas with higher defect densities. This ensures the critical parts are solid before anything goes live. </li><li>Monitoring Progress: Keep an eye on defect density over time. It&#8217;s a good indicator of whether your testing strategies are effective and how software quality is evolving. </li><li>Making Release Decisions: Use defect density as one of the factors to decide if a product is ready for release. Remember, the severity of any remaining defects matters too. </li><li>Comparing Teams or Projects: Defect density can help compare software quality across different teams or projects. Remember to factor in the project complexity and industry benchmarks for a fair comparison.</li></ol>



<h2 id="h-factors-affecting-defect-density-metrics">Factors Affecting Defect Density Metrics</h2>



Here are some of the factors:



<ol><li>Project Complexity: More complex projects tend to have higher defect densities due to the intricate interactions between different software parts. </li><li>Team Experience and Skill Level: Experienced and skilled teams are generally more adept at producing higher-quality code, resulting in lower defect densities. </li><li>Development Methodology: Agile, DevOps, and similar methodologies incorporating continuous testing and feedback can lead to lower defect densities than traditional waterfall approaches. </li><li>Software Size: Larger software projects might show a different defect density simply because of their size. The metric needs to be interpreted carefully to account for this. </li><li>Testing Coverage and Quality: The extent and thoroughness of testing can significantly impact defect density. More comprehensive testing usually uncovers more defects, potentially raising defect density in the short term but improving overall quality. </li><li>Tool Usage: <a href="https://testsigma.com/qa-automation-tools" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Automated testing tools</a>, static code analysis tools, and other quality assurance technologies can influence defect detection rates and, consequently, defect density. </li><li>Project Phase: Software in earlier development stages may exhibit higher defect densities, typically decreasing as the project matures and more defects are resolved. </li><li>Code Reuse: Projects that leverage a significant amount of well-tested, previously used code may exhibit lower defect densities due to the maturity of the reused components. </li><li>Documentation and Specification Clarity: Clear, detailed requirements and documentation can reduce misunderstandings and errors in implementation, which can affect defect density. </li><li>External Factors: Changes in project scope, tight deadlines, and other external pressures can lead to shortcuts in development and testing, potentially increasing defect density.</li></ol>



Understanding these factors can help interpret defect density metrics more accurately and make informed decisions.



<h2 id="h-advantages-of-defect-density">Advantages of Defect Density</h2>



Defect density, while not without limitations, offers several advantages:



<ul><li>Quantifies Software Quality: It calculates defects relative to software size, allowing for objective comparisons and tracking progress over time.</li><li>Prioritizes Testing Efforts: By identifying areas with higher defect density, teams can focus testing resources on those modules or functionalities most susceptible to issues.</li><li>Improves Development and Testing Processes: Monitoring defect density trends helps assess the effectiveness of current practices. A sustained decrease suggests improvements in development and testing approaches.</li><li>Informs Release Decisions: Defect density can be considered when deciding if the software is ready for release. Lower defect density generally indicates a higher likelihood of a stable and reliable product.</li><li>Benchmarks Progress: By comparing defect density against industry standards or historical data for similar projects, teams can gauge their relative performance and identify areas for potential improvement.</li></ul>



To learn about defect-tracking tools, click <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/defect-tracking-tools/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">here</a><gwmw style="display:none;">



<h2 id="h-calculate-defect-density-for-test-automation">Calculate Defect Density For Test Automation</h2>



In test automation, you do calculate defect density, but with a slightly different approach than manual testing, mainly because automation has its own unique features.



Here&#8217;s a step-by-step guide on how to calculate defect density for test automation:



<ol><li>Identify the Scope: Determine the scope of your test automation efforts. This could be a specific module, feature, or the entire application.</li><li>Execute Automated Tests: Run your automated test suites against the identified scope. These tests should cover a variety of scenarios to ensure comprehensive coverage.</li><li>Record Defects: As your automated tests run, record any defects or issues identified by the tests. These could be failures, unexpected behavior, or anything that deviates from the expected outcome.</li><li>Count Lines of Code (LOC): Determine the lines of code covered by your automated tests within the scope. This is essential for calculating defect density. You can use tools or scripts to count the lines of code in the tested modules or features.</li><li>Calculate Defect Density: As we discussed before, once you have the total number of defects found and the lines of code covered by your automated tests, you can calculate defect density using the formula:</li></ol>



&nbsp;Defect Density = (Number of Defects Found / Lines of Code Covered) * 1000 



This formula normalizes the defect count per thousand lines of code, providing a standardized measure that can be compared across different modules or projects.



<ol start="6"><li>Analyze and Interpret: After calculating defect density, analyze the results. A higher defect density indicates a higher likelihood of defects within the tested codebase, suggesting lower quality. Conversely, a lower defect density suggests better code quality and fewer defects.</li><li>Iterate and Improve: Use the insights gained from defect density calculations to refine your automated testing strategy. Identify areas where defects are frequently found and prioritize improvements to your tests or the underlying code.</li></ol>



It&#8217;s important to note that while defect density is needed to provide a complete picture of software quality, it should be used with other metrics and qualitative assessments to make informed decisions about the effectiveness of your test automation efforts and the overall quality of your software.



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<h2 id="h-summary">Summary<gwmw style="display:none;"></h2>



To summarize, defect density is the ratio of defects found to software size (lines of code, modules). It helps assess software quality—lower density indicates better quality. While useful, it doesn&#8217;t tell the whole story; consider defect severity and use it alongside other quality metrics.



<h2 id="h-frequently-asked-questions">Frequently Asked Questions</h2>



<h2 id="h-what-is-a-good-defect-density">What is a good defect density?</h2>



First, there&#8217;s no single &#8220;good&#8221; defect density, as it depends on factors like project complexity and development methodology.&nbsp;



Generally, a lower defect density (e.g., less than 1 defect per thousand lines of code) suggests higher quality, but always consider the severity of remaining defects.



<h2 id="h-what-is-a-normal-defect-rate">What is a normal defect rate?</h2>



A normal defect rate varies based on industry and project complexity but typically ranges from 1 to 5 defects per thousand lines of code in software development.

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